Name: Alonzo Angelo Date: November 2.

2021
Course: BSN1-YA-41 Teacher: Dra. Dorlyn Billones

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (Heart and Blood Vessels)

EXERCISE NO. 9
HEART
OBJECTIVES: to learn and understand the structures and functions of the heart
1. Discuss the heart as to its:
A. LOCATION:
- heart is located between your lungs in the middle of your chest, behind and slightly to the left of your
breastbone (sternum).
B. WALLS OF HEART
- Epicardium (outer layer),
- The myocardium (middle layer),
- Endocardium (inner layer).
C. DIFFERENT CHAMBER (MENTION THE FEATURES FOUND).
• RIGHT ATRIUM
- Receives venous blood from:
➢ SUPERIOR VENA CAVA ➢ VENA CORDIS MINIMAE
➢ INFERIOR VENA CAVA ➢ CORONOARY SINUS
➢ ANTERIOR CARDIAC VEINS
• LEFT ATRIUM
➢ APPENDAGE,
➢ VENOUS COMPONENT,
➢ VESTIBULE.
• RIGHT VENTRICLE
- Chamber of the heart receiving venous blood from the right atrium and ejecting this to the pulmonary arteries
➢ INFUNDIBULUM
• LEFT VENTRICLE
- Cavity is longer and narrower than the right and the walls are3x thicker than right ventricle
- Apex of the heart
2. Describe how heart beats on its own
- The heart has its own electrical system that controls how fast it beats and how much blood it pumps. As a
result, the heart might continue to beat for a short period after brain death or when the body is removed. As
long as the heart has oxygen, it will continue to beat.
3. Draw a coronal section of the heart showing the different structures of the chambers.

4. Trace the flow of blood from the SVC & IVC up to the arch of aorta.
- use colored pencil to represent deoxygenated & unoxygenated blood

5. Draw a normal ECG tracing & Label.

Name: Alonzo Angelo Date: November 2. 2021
Course: BSN1-YA-41 Teacher: Dra. Dorlyn Billones

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (Heart and Blood Vessels)

EXERCISE NO. 10
BLOOD VESSELS
OBJECTIEVS: To know what blood vessels are and how they transport blood throughout the
body.

1. Discuss the different features of the different types of blood vessels.

• ARTERIES
- carry oxygen and nutrients away from your heart, to your body's tissues. The veins (blue) take
oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. Arteries begin with the aorta, the large artery leaving the
heart. They carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body's tissues.
• VEINS
- type of blood vessel that return deoxygenated blood from your organs back to your heart
• CAPPILARES
- Capillaries are small, thin blood vessels that connect the arteries and the veins. Their thin walls
allow oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste products to pass to and from the tissue cells.30

2. Explain how exchange nutrients and waste products between food and tissue cells &
interstitial fluid occur.
- Capillaries can be found in the lungs, as well as every other organ and tissue in the body. They serve as exchange
conduits for the body. Gases, food nutrients, water, and wastes travel between body cells and the bloodstream
through capillaries' thin walls.
3. Define pulse.
- The rhythmic dilation of an artery that results from beating of the heart. Pulse is often measured by feeling the
arteries of the wrist or neck.
4. Enumerate all the pulse areas in the body.
- Temporal - Radial
- Carotid - Popliteal.
- Branchial - Dorsalis Pedis
- Femoral
5. Define blood pressure and how it is measured.
- Systolic blood pressure (the first and higher number) measures pressure within your arteries when your heart
beats. Diastolic blood pressure (the second and lower number) measures pressure inside your arteries when
your heart beats. The pressure inside the artery when the heart rests between beats is measured by diastolic
blood pressure (the second and lower value).