SUBJUNCTIVE

Subjunctive is a sentence form that functions to express hope in the future or hope that did
not materialize in the past and present.
(Subjunctive adalah bentuk kalimat yang berfungsi untuk menyatakan pengharapan pada masa
yang akan datang atau pengharapan yang tidak terwujud pada masa lampau dan masa
sekarang)

PRESENT PAST FUTURE

VERBAL NOMINAL TS VERBAL NOMINAL TS VERBAL NOMINAL TS
S: V2 S: were Now, S: Had + S: Had Yesterday, S: S: Tomorrow,
Right V3 been last ….. Would/Could would/could next …..,
now , ….. ago, (modal verb (modal verb soon, etc.
at this etc. past form) + past form +
time, Infinitive be
F: V1 F: at this F:V2 F: F: will + F: will + be
is/am/are moment. Was/Were infinitive
For wish form For wish form wish For wish form
(wish/whishes) → wished (wish/whishes)
For example: For example:
she wishes …………. she wishes ………….
I wish ……………. I wish …………….
Yang membedakan dengan
Present adalah time signal.
Note: if the subjunctive on positive form so the fact will be in the negative form. Vice versa, if
the subjunctive on the negative form so the fact will be in the positive form.

WISH
AS THOUGH/AS IF 2 SUBJECTS
WOULD RATHER
IF ONLY 1 SUBJECT
A. PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
a. WISH : S1 + WISH + S2 + V2/were + O/C
b. WOULD RATHER : S1 + WOULD RATHER + V2/were + O/C
c. IF ONLY : IF ONLY + S + V2/were + O/C
d. AS IF/AS THOUGH : S1 + V1(act/behave)+AS IF/AS THOUGH+S2+V2/were + O/C
Example:
a. I wish you were here
I wish she watched that movie
b. She would rather he drank coffee at this time
Father woould rather my brother were a police now
c. If only she were beautiful
If only Denny brought my laptop
d. She acts as if she were an athlete
She behave as though she cooked a good meal

B. PAST SUBJUNCTIVE
a. WISH: S1 + WISHED + S2 + HAD + V3/been + O/C
b. WOULD RATHER: S1 + WOULD RATHER + S2 + HAD + V3/been + O/C
c. IF ONLY: IF ONLY + S + HAD + V3/been + O/C
d. AS IF/AS THOUGH: S1 + V2 (acted/behaved) + AS IF/AS THOUGH +S2 + HAD +
V3/been + O/C
Example:
a. She wished I had cooked last night
Mom wished my father had been diligently doing something
b. Daddy would rather my brother had been strong enough to lifting weights
Sarah would rather Ria had bought a kilogram of green apple last week
c. If only she had been smarter than Rina
If only my brother had swept the floor
d. Vika acts as if she had kept a good attitude
Dida behave as though he had been diligent than Reza

C. FUTURE SUBJUNCTIVE
WISH: S1 + WISH + S2 + COULD/WOULD + INFINITIVE

Example:

a. I wish I could hug you

b. I wish I would punch your head
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

SPECIAL VERB SPECIAL SUBJUNCTIVE

Advise Insist Suggest Best Important
Ask Propose Urge Crucial Recommended
Command Recommend Require Desireable Urgent
Demand Request Understand Essential Vital
Desire Imperative Good
Bad
S1 + special verb + that + S2 + infinitive/be It is + special adjective + that + S + infinitive/be
➢ Dr. Peter asked that Mark submit his ➢ It is crucial that you e there punctually
research paper before the end of the month ➢ It is important that she attend the meeting
➢ Donna requested that Frank come to the on time
party ➢ It is recommended that he take the
➢ The coach always insists that her students opportunity to work there
be on time