GENERAL CHEMISTRY WITH
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
SOLUBILITY AND BALANCING
CHEM EQUATIONS
A. The nature of solute and the solvent
The nature of solute is water-
soluble substances. The
composition of the soil and rock
material, as well as how long the
water is in contact with that
material which are sodium chloride,
table sugar, naphthalene , gasoline
and cooking oil . While, the solvent
is usually a liquid but can also be a
solid, a gas, or a supercritical fluid.
Water is a solvent for polar
molecules and the most common
solvent used by living things; all the
ions and proteins in a cell are
dissolved in water within the cell.
However, the nature of solute affect
how fast will dissolves in the
solvent.
B. The temperature of the mixture
The solubility of the temperature of
the mixture is the solute will
dissolve more quickly the hotter
the solvent is because the hot
water’s particles in the video move
more quickly to reach the coffee,
which speed up the process of
dissolving it.
C. Rate of Stirring
Changes in the rate of stirring's
solubility. The sugar granules will
dissolve more quickly in the video
as the mixture is swirled more
quickly.
D. Particle size
When it comes to the solubility, the
smaller the solute particle, the
more quickly it will dissolve since,
in contrast to substance with the
bigger solute particles, its surface is
easily encircled by water particles.
E. The case of gases , the pressure
When the partial pressure of a gas
on or above a liquid increases, the
solubility of the gas in the liquid
increases. Gases dissolve in water
frequently: a good example is soda,
where carbon dioxide gas dissolves
in water. When the soda bottle is
closed, the partial pressure above
the liquid is high, and so gas
solubility is high as well. When the
soda bottle is opened, the partial
pressure decreases, and the
solubility of the gas also decreases.
Bubbles form, because much of the
gas cannot dissolve any more.
Effect of Stirring on Solubility of Solid
in Liquid
Based from the experiment of
sugar and water, the sugar
dissolved faster when it was stirred
compared to the other sugar
sample that was not stirred. The
reason behind this is that when we
stir the solution, the water particles
comes in contact with the corners
and edges sugar crystals; thus,
dissolving it faster. Moreover, the
speed of stirring also has an effect
on the solubility of the solute. The
faster the stirring, the faster the
solvent will dissolve the solute
(sugar particles).
Effect of Particle Size of the Solute on
Solubility
Based from the experiment between
crushed and uncrushed salt, the
crushed salt has dissolved all its
particles compared to uncrushed salt
since it has smaller particles, while the
uncrushed salt has bigger solute that
is why there’s a remaining undissolved
particle in the solution after stirring.
 Hence, the smaller the solute volume or mass ratio, and other
particle, the faster it will dissolve chemical characteristics of the
because, its surface is easily components.
surrounded by water particles
compared to substances with Why must equations be balanced?
larger solute particles. Chemical equations must be
balanced because there must be
Effect of Temperature on the Solubility an equal amount of atoms on both
of a Solid in a Liquid sides of the equation to satisfy the
Based from the experiment Law of Conservation of Mass, which
between coffee with hot water and says that mass is neither
coffee with cold water, the coffee generated nor destroyed in a
on hot water spreads and dissolves closed system. According to the
faster compared to the coffee on chemical rule, "an identical
cold water. The hotter the solvent, quantity of matter exists both
the faster the solute will dissolve before and after the experiment;
because, the particles of hot water the quality and quantity of the
move faster to come in contact components remain precisely the
with the coffee that makes it faster same."
to dissolve.

Effect of Pressure and Temperature on

the Solubility of Gas in Liquid
Upon opening the bottle of
carbonated soft drink, the pressure
inside the bottle is released
suddenly, the solubility of carbon
dioxide drops and it escapes from
the solution in the form of bubbles.
Upon heating the carbonated soft
drink, the solubility of gas
decreased. When exposed to high
temperatures, liquids lose a lot of
carbon dioxide, and soft drinks lose
their fizz.

Explain why some substances dissolve

in a given solvent and others do not.
Due to the fact that a solvent is a
material that enables another
substance, referred to as a solute,
to dissolve in it and create a
solution. While a solvent is typically
thought of as a liquid, it can also
be a solid, a liquid, or a gas. The
extent to which a solute will
dissolve in a solvent varies
depending on the chemical
makeup of both the solvent and
the solute. The quantity of solute
that may dissolve in any given
solvent relies on the temperature,