TM 2209

PETROFISIKA
Semester II – 2020/2021

Ivan Kurnia (Kelas 02)

Reviu Pertemuan 2
• Sumber sampel batuan
• Deskripsi padatan penyusun batuan reservoir
• Pori-pori & faktor yang mempengaruhinya
Deskripsi Batuan:
Sorting

D-ratio Φ SD Scale
1.0 – 1.6 0.0 – 0.35 v wl srtd
1.6 – 2.0 0.35 – 0.5 wl srtd
2.0 – 4.0 0.5 – 1 mod srtd
4.0 – 16.0 1–2 p srtd
> 16.0 >2 v p srtd
(Folk, 1965)
Deskripsi Batuan:
Angularity/Roundedness
Deskripsi Batuan
• Laporan petrografi batuan adalah tugas
geologis:
o Identifikasi sampel
o Observasi lapangan & data bawah permukaan
o Deskripsi spesimen & sayatan tipis

Interpretasi geologi = integrasi hasil observasi

Deskripsi Geologi
Sample ID Field & Specimen & TS
• Formation Subsurface Desc.
• Age • Outcrop • Color
• Location • Boundaries • Gr size
• Depth • Assoc. lithology • Sorting
• Sedimentary • Roundness
Structure • Mineral comps
• Fossils • φ, k, Sw
• Deformation
• Mineralization
Interpretasi Geologi

Source
Depositional Area
Diagenesis
Basin

Economic Scientific
Importance Problems
Porositas
 Porositas

(Peksa et al, 2015)

𝑉𝑝
ϕ=
𝑉𝑏
𝑉𝑏 − 𝑉𝑠
ϕ= Solids
𝑉𝑏 Pore
Diameter
Length
Porositas: Absolut & Efektif
• Porositas Absolut • Porositas Efektif
atau Total
𝑉𝑝,𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑝, 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑
ϕ𝑡 = ϕ𝑒 =
𝑉𝑏 𝑉𝑏
Porositas & Kompleksitas
Batuan

• Jenis padatan
• Variasi ukuran
• Sifat fisik tiap padatan

(Nanz, 1954)
Porositas & Kompleksitas
Batuan
Bulk
Solids Fluids

Grains Clay Clay-

quartz,feldspar Minerals
Bound W HC
Water
silt, mud

φ-effective

φ-total
Penentuan Porositas

Core Analysis Well Logging

Bulk Volume • Sonic Log
• Gravimetric • Neutron Log
• Caliper • Density Log
Pore Volume
• Boyle’s Law
• Saturation
• Hg injection
• Solvent extraction
Porositas dari Well Logs

Respon log:
• Litologi
• Fluida dalam
pori-pori

Alyafei, 2021
Core Analysis – Bulk Volume
Method Principle Advantages & Limitations
Immersion Gravimetric + samples could be preserved
(Archimedes’ + high accuracy
principle) - Trapped air leads to high error
- Not suitable for p-uncons & vuggy
Hg Displacement Displaced Hg volume + very rapid
+ samples could be preserved
- Trapped air leads to high error
- Not suitable for p-uncons & vuggy
Caliper Direct measurement + Rapid & simple
+ Not suitable for irregular samples
Hg Immersion

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐻𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑
𝐵𝑉 =
𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑇

API RP40
Hg Volumetric Displacement

API RP40
Core Analysis – Pore Volume
Method Principle Advantages & Limitations
Dry Grain Volume Measurement on + fast
powdered sample - not viable for several minerals
- Assuming unchanged state during
drying
Boyle’s Law Cell P1V1 = P2V2 + samples are undamaged
(grain volume or + quick, simple, repeatable
direct void + suitable for GV of irregular & vuggy
volume) samples
- High maintenance for calibration
Liquid Saturation Gravimetric + direct PV measurement
- Slow
- Limited accuracy
Boyle’s Law Apparatus

API RP40
Rerata Porositas

σ𝑛𝑖=1 ϕ𝑖
ഥ=
ϕ
𝑛

φ1, h1
σ𝑛𝑖=1 ϕ𝑖 ℎ𝑖
ഥ=
ϕ φ2, h2
σ𝑛𝑖=1 ℎ𝑖
φ3, h3
Aplikasi Porositas

• Kalibrasi antara RCA – well logs

• Korelasi dengan properti lainnya
• Karakterisasi reservoir
• Estimasi volume minyak & gas bumi
Diskusi Penutup