COURSE PROGRAMME

• Day 1
– Morning: Introduction & Well Engineering
– Afternoon: Wellsite & Structural Geology
• Day 2
– Morning: Cuttings, Sample & Core Description
– Afternoon: Operations Geology
• Day 3
– Morning: Tendering & Contracting
– Afternoon: Petrophysical Operations
• Day 4
– Morning: Quick Look Analysis & Log Correlation
– Afternoon: Well Testing & Fluids
• Day 5
– Morning: Impact on FDP & Reporting
– Afternoon: AOB & Close Out

1
 QUICK LOOKING FOR OIL !

a RE-CAP or RE-FRESHER !

2
 PETROPHYSICAL OPERATIONS

• Session Aims
– Describe the Quick Look Method
– To implement the logging tool theory into practice
– To complete a quick-look petrophysical evaluation in
a sandstone environment

3
 QUICK LOOK ANALYSIS

Evaluate net
Calculate Sw
sand from GR 6
1 Calculate φ
5
in HC zones

Evaluate φ 2 Identify water

from Density in 3 zone
water bearing zone 4

Calculate Rw

4
 QUICKLOOK DELIVERABLES

• Lithology identification
• Fluid contact(s) identification
• Rw determination
• Porosity and water saturation for any interval
• Average porosity and saturation for reservoir
encountered in well
• N/G for reservoir encountered in well

5
 QUICK LOOK ANALYSIS EXPORT

• STOIIP = GRV ∗ N/G ∗ φ ∗ So ∗ (1/Bo)

• GIIP = GRV ∗ N/G ∗ φ ∗ Sg ∗ (1/Bg)
• φ = (ρma – ρb) / (ρ ma – ρfl )
• Sw-n = (Rt / Rw) ∗ φ -m
• So = 1 - Sw

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 NATURAL GR VALUES

• Minerals (API Units)

Quartz SiO2 0
Calcite CaCO3 0
Dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 0
• Reservoir Rock
Sandstone 10-30
Limestone 5-10
Dolomite 10-20
• Sealing Rocks
Shale/Clays 80-140
Halite NaCl 0
Anhydrite CaSO4 0
Sylvite KCl 500+
 BULK DENSITY

ρb ρmf ρma

ρb =φ ⋅ ρmf +(1−φ)⋅ ρma

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 BULK DENSITY

ρb ρflmf ρma

ρo

ρb =φ⋅{Sw ⋅ ρmf +(1−Sw)⋅ ρo} +(1−φ)⋅ ρma

9
 CALCULATING POROSITY

rock matrix
density measured
bulk density

ρma − ρb
φ=
ρma − ρfl
fluid density
flushed zone
 TYPICAL DENSITY VALUES (g/cc)

• Reservoir Matrix
Quartz SiO2 2.65
Calcite CaCO3 2.71
Dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 2.87
• Pore Fluids
Fresh water 1.00
Salt water (200 g/l) 1.13
Fresh water with 30% residual oil 0.90 - 0.94
Fresh water with 30% residual gas 0.73 - 0.74
• Sealing Rocks
Halite NaCl 2.04
Anhydrite CaSO4 2.98
 AVERAGE POROSITY

Shale
n

φ1
∑ φ ⋅h i i
h1 Sand
φ= i =1
n

h2 φ2
Shale
Shaley Sand ∑hi =1
i
h3 φ3 Sand

Shale

12
 AVERAGE SATURATION

Shale
n

φ1
∑ Sw i ⋅φi ⋅ hi
h1 Sw1 Sand
Sw = i =1
n

h2 φ2
Shale
Sw2 Shaley Sand ∑φ
i =1
i ⋅ hi
h3 φ3 Sw3 Sand

Shale

13
QUICK LOOK EVALUATION

14
UNCERTAIN FLUID CONTACTS

15
 QUICK LOOK EVALUATION

Evaluate net
Calculate Sw
sand from GR 6
1 Calculate φ
5
in HC zones

Evaluate φ 2 Identify water

from Density in 3 zone
water bearing zone 4

Calculate Rw

16
 ROCK EVALUATION

• Lithology
– Mudlog
– cuttings
– core
– sidewall samples
– log data (density/neutron, GR)
• Properties
– porosity
• density, density/neutron
• core
– permeability
• pressure measurements (e.g. RFT or MDT)
• core

17
 FLUID EVALUATION

• Fluid Type
– mudlog (cuttings & gas indications)
– porosity/resistivity behaviour
– density/neutron separation for gas
– pressure data (gradients)
– fluid samples
– cores
– sidewall cores
• Fluid Saturation
– Archie equation
– cores
 QUICK LOOK ANALYSIS

• Exercise

19
Quick Look Analysis 1
Exercise: Determine net sands at a 50% cut-off

20
Quick Look Analysis 1
Exercise: Solution

21
Quick Look Analysis 2
Exercise: Determine hydrocarbon bearing sands

22
Quick Look Analysis 2
Exercise: Solution Please Note

23
Quick Look Analysis 2
Exercise: Solution Also Note

24
Quick Look Analysis 3
Exercise: Distinguish between gas and oil bearing sands

25
Quick Look Analysis 3
Exercise: Solution

26
Quick Look Analysis 4
Exercise: Determine porosity (φ) at 12,440’ and at 13,000’

27
Quick Look Analysis 4
Exercise: Solution

28
Quick Look Analysis 5
Exercise: Compile analysis and indicate fluid contacts

29
Quick Look Analysis 5
Exercise: Solution

30
QUICK LOOK ANALYSIS

Any
Questions ?

31