Interpretación de perfiles

• Permeabilidad (K) Medida de la facilidad con que

los fluidos “pasan” a través de la formación
• Unidad D se usa mD
• Ø interconectada (poros, cavernas, capilares, fisuras)
• Ø / K (Rock type??)
• Net Sand - Net Pay Espesor permeable (reserv.) (NS)
con hidrocarburo (NP). Cut off K Ø y Vsh
A no ser que el reservorio esté compuesto por unidades permeables potentes y bien definidas, el
NP es probablemente el cálculo menos realista del análisis de perfiles. Afortunadamente para el
petrofísico esto no se pone de manifiesto hasta después de 5 o más años de producción.

04/12/2002 Principios Básicos. D. Astesiano 5

 Net Sand - Net Pay (NS - NP)
• NS Espesor poroso y permeable cut off N / G
• NP NS con Hidrocarburo

– Impacto del Cut off:

• Grande en reservorios de baja calidad y litologías complejas
• Despreciable en reservorios permeables y potentes.

– Parámetro Dinámico K (1 mD?!)

Microlog
WFT - DST (confima NS) Crossplots
– Parámetro Estático Vsh, Ø, Sw
CCA, Fluo

04/12/2002 Principios Básicos. D. Astesiano 40

Objective of Net
To delineate intervals containing fluids which make no
contribution to production during the life of the field.
Fluids which move or experience a change in pressure
during production will make a finite, if small, contribution.

Volumetrics Mapping Input = N:G= Net to Gross Ratio

Net Importance

Usually the single most important issue during

petrophysical evaluation - greatest uncertainty
Progressively more important with shaly or marginal
intervals
Some reservoirs 25% HCIP below 1mD, some < 0.5%
Netpay: Core Fluorescence, Conventional Core and Well Tests

In thin beds core fluorescence shows which beds have

received oil and connected to sand network
Conventional Core Analysis provides the Ø for a-priori k cut-off
Well tests are coarse measures. Sub-commercial tests
do not mean fluids will not move over reservoir life. Can
confirm net but not confirm non-net
Microlog Mudcake for Netpay, Netrock

Mudcake provides direct evidence of filtration and thus fluid movement

Microinverse 1x1 inch and Micronormal 2 inch resistivities
respond to mudcake
Good vertical resolution - thin bed netpay
Examine over cored interval to understand relationship to rock
When should Net Rock be defined?
Sequence of petrophysical evaluation...

Fluid Netpay
Lithology Ø Sw k HCM
zones

Cutoff ? Cutoff

More data....
 PASS FLUIDS....measured by
Vclay - NO

V clay
15%
pore
= 15%
persistent
lining turbidite
beds

Non Reservoir Reservoir

PASS FLUIDS....measured by
Porosity - NO

Ø 15%
15% clean
vuggy
Ø
= inter-
granular
Ø

Non Reservoir Reservoir

 PASS FLUIDS....measured by
Sw - BETTER

So
Wetting Preferences
Fluids
= Wetting Preferences
Fluids
Pore geometry Pore geometry

Non Reservoir Reservoir

PASS FLUIDS....measured by
k - YES

k1≠k2
K1 K2

Non Reservoir Reservoir

Permeability (or derivatives. eg kro_swi) is the only criteria

which is unequivocal in defining Netrock and is the correct
parameter for its determination
Discussion:

Strong sensitivity on the HuOSo result

Depends on modelling and production mechanisms
POP is not the only responsible for cutoff

Recommendation:

Systematic contact between POP, Reservoir

Geologist and Reservoir engineer to perfom cutoff
 FLOW CHART FOR LOG INTERPRETATION

1
Sw= (F x R
Rt
w)n

R 1
Sxo= ( F x mf ) n
Rxo

n F Rxo Rt Rw Rmf

FROM LOG
n=1.8 to 2.5 MICROLATEROLOG DEEP HEADER
MOSTLY= 2.0 PROXIMITY LOG INDUCTION LOG
MSFL DEEP
SFL LATEROLOG

FORMATION FACTOR
F= a m RW WATER
Ø
CATALOG

∆tf - ∆t ma
Ø=
∆tf - ∆t ma
RWa = Ro
F

Rho ma - Pb
Ø=
Rho ma - Pf
SSP=
-K Log Rmf/Rw
NEUTRON-DENSITY
POROSITY
Ø= Ø 2 + Ø 2
D N
√ 2
 1
Sw= (F x RRw ) n
t
R 1
Sxo= (F x mf ) n
Rxo

MOVEABLE HYDROCARBONS
1
Rxo/Rt
Sw- = ( ) 2
Rmf / Rw

BULK VOLUME WATER

BVW = Sw x Ø

SAMPLE SHOWS
OIL OR GAS ?

PERMEABILITY
K =(79 x Ø3 / SWIRR)2 GAS
K =(250 x Ø3 / SWIRR)2 OIL

RESERVES
OIL= 7758 x (1.0-Sw) x h x Ø x R.F. x DRAINAGE
Bo
GAS= 43,560 x [DEPTH x (0.43/15)] x ( 1.0 - Sw) x h x Ø x R.F. x DRAINAGE

DECISION
RUN PIPE / TEST/
DON'T RUN PIPE