1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...

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Endocrine Quiz
Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine

Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine

User Savannah Carpenter

Course Human Anatomy & Physiology II
Test Graded Quiz: Endocrine
Started 1/30/22 3:13 PM LATE

Submitted 1/30/22 4:53 PM LATE

Due Date 1/29/22 11:59 PM

Status Needs Grading
Attempt Score Grade not available.
 
Time Elapsed 1 hour, 40 minutes out of 1 hour and 40 minutes
Results All Answers, Submitted Answers, Correct Answers, Feedback, Incorrectly Answered
Displayed Questions

Question 1 Needs Grading

Explain how aldosterone is used in a negative feedback loop to control sodium and
potassium balance in the body.

Questions like this are not as simple as they seem and they are worth a lot of
points.  Be sure that you are compiling all the aspects of the topic of this question
and consolidating them into your answer.  Here are some items to include in your
answer:

What is the process of releasing aldosterone? What organs are involved?  How
do they interact?
Is aldosterone a peptide or a steroid hormone?  How does it travel in blood,
how does it interact with the target cells?
What are the target organs (or organ) of aldosterone? What is the effect of
aldosterone on the target cells?
Don't forget the elements of a negative feedback loop: receptor, control center,
and effector. 
Since this is our first essay question together, maybe you should throw in a
nice and simple definition of negative feedback.  In fact...what is
homeostasis??

Selected
Answer:

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1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...
The renin system activates chemical reactions that create the hormone aldosterone.
The kidneys and the colon are involved in this process, by increasing potassium
secreted through urine and increasing the amount of sodium reabsorbed into the
blood. 
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone. Aldosterone interacts with target cells to produce
sodium in the blood. 
Aldosterone targets the kidneys. Aldosterone reduces excertion of sodium and
increases secretion of potassium in the urine. 
Negative feedback is when an action causes a decreased reaction. Homeostasis is a
negative feedback. The decreased reaction is action that helps the body stay
balanced and maintain homestasis. 
Correct [None]
Answer:
Response [None Given]
Feedback:

Question 2 2 out of 2 points

Which of the following is a general function of all endocrine cells?

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Selected Answer: D.
release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood.

Answers: A.
are modified connective tissue cells.

release their secretions onto an epithelial surface.

B.

are a type of nerve cell.

C.

D.
release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood.

Question 3 2 out of 2 points

Why is it that steroid hormones use receptors inside of target cells, whereas
protein, peptide, and amino acid hormones do not?

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Selected B.
Answer: Steroids can cross the cell membrane because they are lipids and
the membrane is lipid.

Answers: A.

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1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...

Amino acids and peptide hormones are polar and can move right
through the cell membrane into the cytoplasm.
B.
Steroids can cross the cell membrane because they are lipids and
the membrane is lipid.

C.
Cells are full of steroid molecules so it is easy for steroid molecules
to enter.

D.
The target cells affected by steroid hormones have all of their
receptors on the cell membrane.

Question 4 0 out of 2 points

The main action of antidiuretic hormone is

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Selected Answer: increased blood pressure by increased Na+ reabsorption.

Answers: increased blood pressure by increased Na+ reabsorption.

increase urine output to remove excess fluid.

inhibition of aldosterone.

increased water conservation by kidneys.

Question 5 2 out of 2 points

Which group of hormones causes an anti-inflammatory action?

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Selected Answer: glucocorticoids

Answers: antidiuretic hormones

pancreatic hormones

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1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...
mineralocorticoids

glucocorticoids

Question 6 2 out of 2 points

Which of the following is not a change that may be caused by hormonal

stimulus?

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Selected B.
direct control of the nervous system
Answer:
Answers: A.
the stimulation of a genetic event resulting in protein synthesis

B.
direct control of the nervous system

an increase in enzymatic activity

C.

a change in membrane potential

D.

Question 7 0 out of 2 points

Which of the structures below contains the axons of the supraoptic and periventricular nuclei?

Selected Answer:
hypophyseal portal system

Answers: adrenal medulla

hypophyseal portal system

sella turcica

infundibulum

Question 8 2 out of 2 points

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Which of the following labeled structures above is the posterior pituitary gland?

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Selected Answer:
D

Answers: A

Question 9 10 out of 10 points

(6 pts) Match the hormone with the appropriate description.

Question Correct Match Selected Match

regulator of sodium
E.
aldosterone
E.
aldosterone
concentrations in
extracellular fluids
released by pineal gland to
B.
melatonin
B.
melatonin
regulate circadian
rhythm
targets the kidney to conserve
D.
D.
water Anti-diuretic hormone Anti-diuretic hormone
(ADH) (ADH)

Epinephrine
A.
A.

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1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...
causes systemic causes systemic
sympathetic responses sympathetic responses

Causes anti-inflammation post-

C.
Gluccocorticoids
C.
Gluccocorticoids
surgery

All Answer Choices

A.
causes systemic sympathetic responses

B.
melatonin

C.
Gluccocorticoids

D.
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

E.
aldosterone

Question 10 2 out of 2 points

The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex produces which type of hormones?

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Selected Answer: mineralocorticoids.

Answers: catchecholamines.

mineralocorticoids.

glucocorticoids.

androgens.

Question 11 2 out of 2 points

Which of the following is not true regarding target cells?

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Selected They are associated only with synapses.

Answer: B.

Answers: They have receptors for a specific hormone.

A.

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1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...

They are associated only with synapses.

B.

They can be anywhere in the body.

C.

D.
If a target cell lacks receptors for a hormone then it cannot bind that
hormone.

Question 12 2 out of 2 points

After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex,

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Selected Answer: gene transcription is initiated by binding to DNA.

B.

Answers: the receptor moves out of the cell.

A.

gene transcription is initiated by binding to DNA.

B.

G proteins are activated.  

C.

adenyl cyclase is activated.

D.

Question 13 Needs Grading

Explain how an endocrine gland can be stimulated to release its hormone via neural
stimulation.  Use an example in your explanation.

Selected The endocrine gland can be stimulated by the neural stimulation process to release
Answer: a hormone in response to a situation. For example, the most common is when
someone is stressed. The adrenal gland is stimulated by the adrenal medulla to
release the hormone adrenaline.
Correct [None]
Answer:
Response [None Given]
Feedback:

Question 14 2 out of 2 points

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1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...

Which gland is called the "emergency gland" and helps the body adjust to short-
term, high-level stress?

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Selected Answer: adrenal medulla

Answers: pancreas

thyroid

adrenal medulla

adrenal cortex

Question 15 Needs Grading

A. Explain how the hypothalamus (HT) controls the adrenal medulla (AdMed)
when you experience an "adrenaline rush." 
B. Identify three effectors of the hormones the adrenal medulla releases. 
C. Describe how the effectors and their response can help you run away from an
attacker. 

Selected The hypothalamus shoots action potentials down the axon to the adrenal medulla
Answer: that releases the hormone adrenaline, which results in the body feeling an
"adrenaline rush". Three effects of adrenaline being release include increased heart
rate, increased blood sugar and increased blood flow. Increased heart rate can help
you breath faster while running away, increased blood sugar helps the body gain
energy to be able to run, and increased blood flow allows more blood to travel to key
places like the brain, which can help you think faster. 
Correct [None]
Answer:
Response [None Given]
Feedback:

Question 16 2 out of 2 points

A rise in cortisol would cause an increase in each of the following except

0:00 / 0:00

Selected Answer: ACTH levels.

Answers: an increase in blood pressure.

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1/30/22, 4:54 PM Review Test Submission: Graded Quiz: Endocrine – Human ...

the level of fatty acids in the blood.

ACTH levels.

the rate of glucose release by the liver.

Question 17 Needs Grading

Explain how an intracellular receptor is used to create an effect in a target cell.  Use
a hormone example in your explanation.

Selected The intracellular receptors are inside of target cells in which travel across the
Answer: membrane to bind to cells in cytoplasm, and then bind to DNA, regulating
transcription. 
Correct [None]
Answer:
Response [None Given]
Feedback:

Question 18 2 out of 2 points

Reduction of fluid losses at the kidneys due to the retention of Na+ is the action of
which hormone below?

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Selected Answer: aldosterone.

Answers: cortisone.

calcitonin.

aldosterone.

antidiuretic hormone.

Sunday, January 30, 2022 4:53:36 PM EST

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