Unit I

Tenses
1. Present
- Simple
- Continuous
- Perfect (simple)
- Perfect continuous
2. Past
3. Future

Present Simple
Active (S + V1/am/is/are):
+ She buys some flowers daily.
- She does not (doesn’t) buy …
? Does she buy …?
? Who buys some flowers? She -> subject
? What does she buy? Some flowers -> non
subject

Passive (S + am/is/are + V3):

+ Some flowers are bought daily.
- Some flowers are not (aren’t) bought daily.
? Are some flowers bought?

Exercise A
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer!

1. Computers … in a product to be made easily.

A. also permit changes
B. are also permitted changes
C. permit also changes
D. and changes are also permitted

2. On the assembly line, computer-controlled

robots … such as welding and painting.
A. use for tasks
B. are using for tasks
C. are used for tasks
D. for tasks are used

3. Friction is the force of resistance when two

surfaces …
A. are sliding against each other.
B. slide against each other.
C. slide each other against.
D. slide against the other.

4. The heat … the edges of the components

being welded together, and once the material
has become molten, fusion occurs.
A. is melted
B. melts
C. are melted
D. melt

5. In most cases, nuts … onto bolts by turning

them anticlockwise.
A. are screwed
B. is screwed
C. screwed
D. screw

Choose the incorrect parts!

6. The AbioCor artificial heart contains a

hydraulic pump and a valve which lets the
hydraulic fluid move from one side of the heart
to the other.

7. Hydroforming (Ving -> gerund = noun) are is

used when there is a demand for lower weight
with high strength.
8. Images and sounds often are often added to
games to make them more realistic and more
exciting.
9. Some materials can change shape
significantly, but is does not return to their
original shape.

10. The combination of wood and fiberglass

gives the snowboard strength with little weight.

Present Continuous (Progressive)

Time signal:

Active (S + am/is/are + Ving)

+ We are baking some cookies now.
- We are not baking …
? Are you baking …?
? Who are baking …?
? What are you baking?

Passive (S + am/is/are + being + V3)

+ Some cookies are being baked now.
Exercise B
Choose the best answer!
1. Scientists nowadays … to understand more
about how the brain works.
A. are beginning slowly
B. slowly are beginning
C. are slowly beginning
D. is slowly beginning

2. The company … a report for their most

important client this week.
A. is preparing
B. are preparing
C. prepares
D. prepare

3. Accident investigators … the wreckage of the

high-speed train which left the rails and
overturned in northwest England last week.
A. is still examining
B. is examining still
C. are still examining
D. still are examining

4. Technicians report that they … difficulty

installing the new computer system.
A. has
B. have
C. are having
D. is having

5. That sports company … new sportswear that

will allow athletes to perform more efficiently
this month.
A. develops
B. is developing
C. develop
D. are developing

Choose the incorrect answer!

6. The study researchers are now focusing on

how plants is are using bedrock water at their
field sites as California faces severe droughts.

7. Inkjet printers are being developed to form

an image by spraying tiny amounts of ink onto a
piece of paper precisely in the right place.
8. Hadi Ghasemi, Cullen Associate Professor at
the University of Houston -> appositive, are is
changing what we know about when water
freezes as he pushes the limit and gets the best
look yet at tiny drops of water as they freeze.
9. With the recent uptick in Covid-19 cases,
colleges and universities across the US is are
making spring semester changes to keep the
highly transmissible omicron variant away from
campus.

10. An Asian American activist group is calling

for an awards boycott of director Paul Thomas
Anderson's "Licorice Pizza" over its use of a fake
Asian accent.