Singular → Plural

1. Most plural end in “s” → pencils, boys, girls

2. X, sh, ch, s, o (end) → es → boxes, dishes, branches,

glasses, heroes

- Different origin of words (‘o’→ pianos, kangaroos,

igloos, photos, videos, radios, zoos)

3. F, fe (end) → f,fe (ves) → leaf – leaves, life – lives, knife

– knives → roofs, cliffs, scarfs

4. Nouns end in ‘y’ → “a,e,i,o,u” (vowel) before ‘y’ → add

‘s’
Boy – boys, Toy – toys
“a,e,i,o,u” (not included) before
‘y’ → y add ies
Cherry – Cherries, Lady – Ladies,
Baby – Babies
5. Change Vowel → foot – feet, man – men, woman –
women, tooth – teeth
6. Unchanged nouns → sheep, fish, deer
7. Transform Nouns → child- children, ox – oxen, mouse –
mice (mouses)

Grammar Foundation
Eight Parts of Speech
1. Noun [Finished]
2. Pronoun [Finished]
3. Adjective [Finished]
4. Verb
5. Adverb
6. Preposition [Finished]
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection [Skip]

NOUNS <Open Word>

Common & Proper [Capital Letter]

Countable & Uncountable <Degree of ease>
Singular & Plural
Collective Nouns
Gender – Masculine Vs Feminine, common gender, neuter
gender

Books, Cars, Televisions, Cupboards, Fruits

Countable – many, a few, a lot of, some
A lot of books
Some books
Many books
A few books

Water, Milk, Money, Salt, Oil, Cheese, Sand, Paper

Uncountable
A lot of water
Much money
Some sand
A little oil

(Nouns)
Verb to be
(I) am
(1, He, She, It) is
(S, You, We, They) are

My father is a doctor.
My mother is an engineer.
My brother is a steward.
My sister is a stewardess. (Flight attendant)
Tr. Ella is an actress.
My favorite actress is Tian Shin.
My favorite actor is Sam.
My favorite actresses are Ella and Tian Shin.

Ella and Tian Shin are my favorite actresses.

Myself

My name is Peter.
My family members are my grandmother, my mother, my
grandfather, my father and me.
My grandmother is a headmistress. (a principle of Circle
Learning Center)
My grandfather is an engineer.
My mother is a housewife.
My father is a manager, officer, lawyer.
I am a student.
My favorite actor is Sam.

Conversation Club (Free)

Saturday (8:00 – 9:00) – Young Learner CC
Sunday (8:00 – 9:00) – Circle

Let’s call it a beautiful day!

Nouns
- Proper Noun / Common Noun
- Countable Noun/ Uncountable Noun
- Singular Noun/ Plural Noun
- Gender (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter, Common)
- Collective Nouns
Pronoun
5–
Subject Pronoun – Object Pronoun
I - me
We - us
You - you
They - them
He - him
She - her
It – it
I told Judy that ‘Christopher is very handsome’.

Possessive Determiner(N) – Possessive pronoun

This is my book.
This is mine.

That blue house is her house.

That blue house is hers.

The red shirt is his shirt.

The red shirt is his.

This donut is yours/ your donut.

Where is my pizza?
There is yours.

Pronoun
 • Subject
• Object
• Possessive Determiner (+N)
• Possessive Pronoun
• Reflexive Pronoun

Interrogative Pronouns (Wh–words)

Where
Who
What
How
Why
Whom
When

Convert Subject pronouns into object pronouns.

I - me
He – him
They – them
It - it
We - us
She - her

Adjectives
- Noun တတွေကိို တိကျတအောင်လိုပ်တပေးတဲ့ အရော

-‘တ ော’ နဆ
ဲ့ ေးို

-Noun ကိို describe လိုပ်တော

-ရိုပ်တ ျောတ ော တကောင်မတလေး = A beautiful girl

-ဝတ ော တကောင်တလေး = a plump boy (plump)

-အရပ်ရည
ှ တ
် ော ဆရော = a tall teacher

A slim girl
A plump girl
Well-built

A handsome Sam
A smart Christopher
A pretty Judy
A good-natured teacher
My neighbours are good-natured.
My teacher is good-natured.

1. Article + Adj +N (Article န Noun

ဲ့ နကကောေးမှ
ဲ့ ော Adjective)

Article → a, an, the

The nice eraser.
A new car
The colorful crayon

2. Verb to Be ရ တနောက်
ဲ့ မှော Adjective ( ည်)

Verb to Be → ဖြစ် ည် → am, is, are, was, were, be, been,

being
Christopher is handsome/ smart/ tall/ energetic/ kind.

Judy is beautiful/ cute/ helpful/ sweet.

Our teachers are clever/ hardworking/ nice/ kind/ intelligent/

young/ old/ tall/ short/ slim/

I saw the flower are open. → I saw the flower blooms.

Our classroom teacher is big discipline. → strict.
I answer my exam. → I (take/sit for) an exam
We stone our teacher. → We afraid our teacher/ respect

Am, is, are ,was ,were

Christopher is handsome.
October 22nd ,2022.

Nouns
Pronouns
Adjectives
Verbs

Verb to be
ဖြစ် ည်။

Am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being

This pencil is red.

The handsome Christopher is a friend of the cute Judy and the

intelligent Sam.

Christopher is handsome.
Judy is cute.
Sam is intelligent.
They are happy.
They are sad.
They play together.
They are happy together.
They are sad together.
Christopher, Judy and Sam are friends.
They are happy friends.

My Family (10 sentences)

Adjective

1. Size/shape - အရွေ ယ်အစောေး - big, small, narrow, wide, tall,

long, short, circle, round, square
2. Quality - အရည်အတ ေးွေ - good, bad, light, heavy, strong,
weak, soft, hard, handsome, sweet, polite, rude, naughty,
clever, intelligent, hardworking, helpful, kind, aggressive,
strict
 3. Colour - အတရောင် - red, blue, orange, pink, purple, green,
white, silver, golden, sky blue, dark blue, brown, grey,
yellow, bronze, reddish
4. Origin – မူလ - Japanese, Korean, Arabic, Indian,
Myanmar, Thailand
5. Substance - ပါဝင်ပစစညေး် - Plastic, Bamboo, Diamond,
Golden, silver, cotton, wooden, silk
Ingredient
……
SQCOS = ဆျ ေးကိိုစဲ့်

D1- Simple Form

Stella is good.

D2- Comparative Form

Stella is better than Peter.

D3- Superlative Form

Stella is the best student in the class.

23rd October

8 Parts

Verb
1. Helping Verb
2. Main Verb

Helping Verb
1. Verb to be – am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being
2. Verb to have - have, has, had
3. Verb to do – do, does, did
4. Model Verb – can, could, will, would, shall, should, may,
might, must

He is running.
He is handsome. ဖြစ် ည်။
I have been to Kalaw.
I have a house. ရှိ ည်။

We do not go to zoo.
We do our homework. လိုပ် ည်။

Main Verb
1. Intransitive Verb (Object) – Sam slept last night.
2. Transitive Verb (Object) – Judy loves puppies.
3. Ditransitive Verb (2 Objects) - Christopher beats Peter
with stick.
4. Linking Verb (Verb + Adj, V to V) – I want to eat snack.
5. Phrasal Verb (Verb + Prep) – Look at, Look after, Look
into, Look up, Look down, Look for

What would you like to offer?

What would you like to drink, Uncle?
What would you like to eat?

Shall we start?
Shall I love him back?
Shall we go back home?
Shall we wait?

Should လိုပ် င ဲ့်

What happen?
I am coughing.
Do you smoke cigarettes?
Yes, I do.
How often do you smoke?
Not much, five times a day.
You must not smoke cigarettes anymore.
Why?
You have a lung cancer.

Must - လိုပ်မှဖြစ်မယ်
29th October 2022
English Grammar Foundation Class {EGFC}
Noun, Pronoun, Adjective

Adjectives

(5)

Size/shape - square, circle, round, slim, plump,

Quality - handsome, Beautiful, Intelligent
Colour - Red, Blue, Yellow
Origin(နိင
ို င
် )- Korean Series, European Brand, Burmese
Traditional Food, American Singers
Substance - wooden table, golden necklace, Diamond ring,
plastic chair

Talk, speak, tell, say, shout, cry, whisper, gossip, chit-chat,

argue, negotiate, discuss, ask
Verb (action)

2 – Main Verb, Helping Verb

Helping Verb – 4

Main Verb

Tenses (12)

Simple Continuous Perfect

Perfect Continuous
Present S.Pr Pr. C Pr. Pa
Pr.Pa.C
Past S.P P.C P. Pa
P.Pa.C
Future S.F F.C F. Pa
F.Pa.C

Simple Present Tense

Simple Past Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Simple Future Tense

Simple Present Tense

Pattern - V1, Vs
I, We, You, They, အမျောေး (s မလိ)ို

He, She, It, တစ်တယောက်တည်ေး (s လိို)

Usage - အမမတမ်ေး - မှန ်

- လိုပ်တနကျ

Sign Words -

Always
Usually
Often
Sometimes
Never
Ever
Every + တနောက်က ဘောအ ျိနလ
် ိိုက်လိိုက်

Once a week
Twice a year
Three times a month

Stella often reads the books at library.

Stella reads the books at library twice a week.

Belong to - ပိိုငဆ
် င
ိို ်

I own a car.
Judy owns a house.
Christopher & Sam own the books.

Own - ပိိုငဆ
် င
ိို တ
် ော (အတနောက်မှော)

Belong to - ပိိုငတ
် ော (အတရှ ှေ့ မှော)
Peter owns the glasses.

Glasses belong to Peter.

Sam owns a picture.

This picture belongs to Sam.

Judy owns a lantern.

This lantern belongs to Judy.

Christopher owns a ship.

This ship belongs to Christopher.

Belong with – ဆိင

ို ်

Maria, why don’t you love me?

You are a good guy, but I already belong with Justin Bieber.

Cap
Pen
This cap belongs with that pen.

This house belongs with my dog.

Present Continuous Tense

Present Progressive Tense

Pattern – am, is, are + Ving

Usage - အ ိုလိုပ် /စီစဉ်မပီေး ောေး

Sign Word – ‘now’

Judy is going to Singapore next 3 years.

They are going to marry soon.

That bridge is still building.

Judy is going to school tomorrow.
Mr. Peter is going to Switzerland.
Preposition
Time – on, in, at, since, for, from- to, at-to (in time, on time)
Place – in, on, above, under, between, besides, next to, in front
of, opposite, behind

Eight Parts of Speech

1. Noun [Finished]
2. Pronoun [Finished]
3. Adjective [Finished]
4. Verb
5. Adverb
6. Preposition [Finished]
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection [Finished]

Verb (2)
Simple Present Tense
Present Continuous Tense

Verb Form

V0 → Infinitive Verb

V1 V2 V3 Vs Ving V0
Walk Walked Walked Walks Walking Walk
Arrive Arrived Arrived Arrives Arriving Arrive
Am, is Was Been Are, Being Be
were
Go Went Gone Goes Going Go
Eat Ate Eaten Eats Eating Eat

V1, V2,

Ving,

Modal Verb →
Can, could, will, would, shell, should, may, might, must → V0
To → V0

I am a doctor.
I can be a doctor.

I go to the zoo.
I can go to the zoo.

Sam eats his breakfast.

Sam can eat his breakfast.

Simple Past Tense

Pattern - V2 (Regular – ed)

Usage - အတိတ်က ကိစစ

Sign Words -
Yesterday
Last + တနောက်က ဘောအ ျိနလ
် ိိုက်လိိုက် (Last night, last morning,
last month, last year)
ago တရှ ှေ့ မှော ဘောအ ျိနလ
် ိိုက်လိိုက် (three days ago, five years ago)

Just now

Ms. Ella sang a song very well.

Past Continuous Tense

Pattern - was, were + Ving
Usage - အတိတ်က တန်ေးလန်ေး

Sign Words - When …, V2

When Tian Shin was ironing, someone knocked the door.

When Judy was joining the zoom meeting, she was in the

toilet.

When Sam was having his dinner, he was joining the

zoom.

Walking - လမ်ေးတလ ောက်ဖ င်ေး

Am, is, are, was, were + Walking - လမ်ေးတလ ောက်တန ည်။

Eight Parts of Speech

1. Nouns →People, Animals, Place, and Things

Countable / Uncountable
A lot of
Many/Much
A few/A little
Some/Any
There are some books on the table.
There aren’t any books on the table.

Singular Plural

Most Plurals end in “s”, Just add one “s”

Some Plurals need “es” if they end like that

X, Sh, S, O, Ch, Z, here ‘s’, there ‘s’, everywhere ‘ss’

Nouns end in ‘fe, f’, change ves

When you see ‘y’ at the end, look at alphabet

‘s’→ books, tables, chairs,

‘es’ → x sh s o ch z → boxes, brushes, buses, mosquitoes,
brunches, Quizzes
Fe, f → leaf → leaves, life → lives, knife → knives
Y ‘a,e,i,o,u’ → boys, toys, days
➔ Babies, ladies,
Fish, sheep, deer
Children, foot→ feet, oxen, tooth→ teeth

Father – mother
Brother – sister
Uncle – aunty
 Bee – drone
Goose – Gander
Dog – bitch
Witch – Wizard
Actor – Actress
Waiter – Waitress
Landlord – Landlady

Common – teacher, doctor, singer, engineer, dentist,

2. Pronouns
I want to kill you.
My mother cooks breakfast for me.

3. Adjectives
SQCOS _ဆျ ေးကိိုစဲ့်

Size quality color origin substance

Article + Adj + N
Be + Adj

4. Verbs
5. Adverbs
6. Prepositions
7. Conjunctions
8. Interjections
Sentence

ဒီတန တမတမန
ဲ့ တူ
ဲ့ တူ တစျေး ောွေ ေးတယ်။

Today, I go shopping (to market (supermarket), mall, mart,

bazaar, flea market) with my mother.

မတနက
ဲ့ မမ အင်တောနက် ေးို တနတိုနေး် မီေးပျက် ောွေ ေးတယ် ဆရော

Teacher, Yesterday, the light went out when my sister was

surfing the internet.

လွေန ် တ
ဲ့ ဲ့ နှစ်နစ
ှ ်တလောက်က တမတမရယ်၊ တြတြရယ်၊ ောေးရယ် ပိုဂကိို

ဘိုရောေးြူေးထွေက်ြူေးတယ်

I have been to Bagan for pilgrimage with my father and my

mother last two years ago.

ပညောတရေးဆိတ
ို ော လူဘဝရ
ဲ့ အတရေးအကကီ
ဲ့ ေးဆေးို

အစိတ်အပိိုငေး် တစ် ိုပါဘ

Education is the most important part of the human life.

တတောင် လ
ူ ယ် မောေးတတွေဆတ
ိို ော ကျွနတ
် တော်တိိုနိဲ့ င
ို င
် တတော်ရ ဲ့

ပင်မအ န်ေးကဏ္ဍကတန ပါဝင်တနပါတယ်။

Famers play a vital role of our nation.

Play a ____ role of ____

Education
Education plays an important/main/vital/fundamental role of our
life.

Simple Future Tense

Pattern - will + V0 / be + going to + V0
Usage - အနောဂတ်ကကိစစ

Sign Words - tomorrow, next/following + တနောက်က

ဘောလိိုက်လိိုက်
We will go to cinema tomorrow morning.

We are going to go to cinema tomorrow morning.

She will go shopping tomorrow.

She is going to (gonna) go shopping tomorrow.

Christopher’s mother will go shopping to bazaar the next

day.

Christopher’s mother is going to go shopping to bazaar

the next day.

Sam will take an exam next month.

Sam is going to take an exam next month.

 ဘက် ါ the day after tomorrow, two days after tomorrow

(or) after 3 days, next 3 days

တတနက
ဲ့ the day before yesterday,

Why don’t we do something now?

Let’s do something now!
Shall we do now!

Present Perfect Tense

Pattern - have, has + V3
Usage - အ ိုတင်မပီေး, ကကြုံ ြ
ဲ့ ူေး

Sign Words - just, yet

Examples –

Sam has just done his dinner.

Christopher has done his homework.

Stella has not done her dinner yet.

I haven’t done his dinner yet.

Judy has never been to England.

I have been to Kalaw when I was 16.

They have seen the volcanoes.

Yesterday, when I was crossing the road, I saw a puppy.

Cinderella talked with mice.

Snow White lived with seven dwarves.
26th November 2022

Verb
Helping Verb -
Modal Verbs

Can, could
Will, would
Shall, should
May, might, must

[Verb]
3 Steps
1. Verb Forms
2. Agreement (Skip)
3. Sentence Usage

Read
V1 V2 V3 Vs Ving V0
Read Read Read Reads Reading Read

I, We, You, they– read

He, She, it – reads

Sentence

1. Statement
2. Negative
3. Question

Did you eat your breakfast?

Have you eaten?
Have, has + V3

Have you finished your lunch?

No, I haven’t …

Why haven’t you done?

Where have you been?
What are you doing?

I was busy all day. I had an appointment with my dentist. I had a

lot of classes.
I am a boy.
(not) I am not a boy.
Are you a boy?

do, does, did + not

I go to the clinic.
Do you go to the clinic?
I do not go to the clinic.

[Verb to do]

I don’t love you.

Do you love me?
He goes to school.
Does he go to school?
He does not (doesn’t) go to school.

- Yes/No
- Wh Question

Did you finish your homework?

Question?

Do you love me?

I don’t love you.

Why don’t you love me?

What did you eat?

I ate ………….

Question Words
Interrogative Pronouns

Who
What
When
Where
Why
How
Which
Whose
Whom

Did you finish your homework?

When did you finish your homework?

27th November

Adverbs

I slept last night.

I slept soundly last night.

Noun
Pronoun
Adjectives
Verb
Adverbs
Prepositions
- Conjunction
Interjection

Conjunction

စကောေးလိုေးနှစ်လိုေး စောတကကောင်ေးနှစ်တကကောင်ေးကိို ဆက်စပ်တပေးတ ော

စောလိုေး

And (addition)
But (contrast)
Or (choice)
Because (reason)

And
- ထပ်တပါင်ေး (အဓိပပောယ်)
- Apple and orange
- Apple, pineapple and orange
- My class has 5 students. They are Christopher, Sam,
Judy, Ko Mg Soe and Tian Shin.
- Christopher is very handsome, and Tian Shin is
hardworking.
-
Teacher Peter is hungry and thirsty.

Christopher is yawning and listening.

Word and word

Sentence and sentence

It is raining, and teacher Peter is sleeping.

But
 - ဆနက
် ဲ့ ျင်
- She is ugly but kind.

- Sam is intelligent but he is not hardworking.

- Judy is polite but she is talkative.

- Stella is lazy but smart.

Tr. Peter is ugly, but his girlfriend is beautiful.

My mother always beat me, but my father always gives me

pocket money.

Or
- တရွေ ေး ျယ်
- Tea or coffee
- Hot or cold
- Boy or girl
- Morning or night
- White or black

You need to study harder, or you will fail your exam.

Because
- ဆင်တဖ တပေး
- I am hungry because I didn’t eat my lunch.
- I am late because of the traffic jam.

Sentences
1. Positive (Statement)
2. Negative
3. Question

Do, does, did → V0

Beat
1. Judy beats her brother with a pillow.
2. Judy does not beat her brother with a pillow.
3. Does Judy beat her brother with a pillow?
4. Who beat Judy’s brother with a pillow?
5. How does Judy beat her brother?
6. Where does Judy beat her brother?
7. When does Judy beat her brother?
8. Whom does Judy beat?
Blow

1. Sam blew the candlelight.

2. Sam did not blow the candlelight.
3. Did Sam blow the candlelight?
4. When did Sam blow the candlelight?
5. Who blew the candlelight?
6. Where did Sam blow the candlelight?
7. How did Sam blow the candlelight?

Break (V2)
1. Judy broke the chair.
2. Judy did not break the chair.
3. Did Judy break the chair?
4. Who broke the chair?
5. When did Judy break the chair?

Verb Form

Word Form

Root Word (Act)

Suffix
Prefix

React

Act
Acting
Action
Actor
Actress
Active
Actively
Actually

Do
Redo
Undo
Endo
Doable
Art + Adj +N

Mg Mg is the clever boy.

Eat
Eatable
Eater

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