Central Luzon State University

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija

Name: Date Submitted:

ABEN 1110 – Introduction to Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

Laboratory Exercise No. 3

Work, Power, Torque and Horsepower

INTRODUCTION
We come across so many situations in our daily lives that logic is occasionally stumped. As
an illustration, when we hear the word "work," we typically think of our jobs or the things we
are doing right now, but scientifically, the term has a different connotation. We will discover
what Work, Power, Torque, and Horsepower are in this exercise. The method of
computation and the appropriate units to employ will also be included.
The Work is defined as the product of the component of the force in the direction of motion
times the distance across which the force acts in the scientific sense, where the Work is the
amount of work that is done on a system by a constant force, and the Power is the rate of
performing work. (P. Urone & R. Hinrichs, 2012)
OBJECTIVES
After performing this activity, the students should be able to:
1. use the units associated with work, power, torque and horsepower;
2. identify the appropriate formula for each;
3. rearrange each formula to solve for a different unknown; and
4. calculate horsepower using force, distance and time.

PROCEDURES
1. Based on your own understanding, define/describe/illustrate the following:
a. Work
b. Power
c. torque
d. Horsepower

2. Solve the given problems below (show your detailed computation)

1. If a force of 100 kg displaces 12 m in 1 min, how much work has been done?

2. A loaded wagon weighing 1000 kg requires 40 kg of force to pull it along a

horizontal surface. If the wagon is pulled for 50 m, calculate the amount of work
done. (rolling resistance is = 0)
3. If a force of 100 lb moves through a distance of 12 feet in 2 minutes, how much
power is developed?

4. If a 50 lb force is applied at the end of a wrench that is 1 ft long, how much torque
is developed?

5. How many horsepower are developed if a person loads six 50 lb bales onto a truck
platform 4 ft high in 1.5 minutes?

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Discuss fully based on the procedure)

1. Based on your own understanding, define/describe/illustrate the

following:
a. Work
It is equivalent to the force that a person exerted to move a certain object in a
certain location.It is frequently described in its most basic form as the result of
force and displacement. When a force is applied, it is said to have a component
that moves the point of application, and this is referred to as positive work.

b. Power
In science, power is the quantity of work or energy released in a given amount of time. A
lightbulb with a larger wattage, such as 100W, will produce a brighter light than one with only
40W, for instance. This illustrates how much more energy is released by the bulb with the greater
wattage as compared to the bulb with the lower power.
FORMULA OF POWER:
Power is defined formulaically as follows.
P= Δ𝑡
𝑊

c. Torque
It is used as a lever arm to produce some force that makes the object to have a twisting or
rotational movement.
Torque is the application of a force through a lever arm. It is a force that causes or tends to
cause a twisting or rotary movement. In equation form:
Torque = Force × Lever arm length or: To = F × L A

d. Horsepower
Although power is a basic unit, in agriculture the more common unit is horsepower. Different
measures of horsepower are used. For example, when discussing tractors, you may use engine
horsepower, brake horsepower, drawbar horsepower, or power take-off horsepower. In the
following section we will investigate the principles of horsepower. Horsepower is an arbitrary unit
that was developed by James Watt to promote his early steam engines.
Formula:

𝑙𝑏 − 𝑓𝑡
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
1 ℎ𝑝 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑙𝑏 − 𝑓𝑡
33,000 𝑚𝑖𝑛

2. Solve the given problems below (show your detailed computation)

1. If a force of 100 kg displaces 12 m in 1 min, how much work has been done?
FORMULA
𝑊 = 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝐹 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐷 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Given:
𝐹 = 100 𝑘𝑔 𝐷 = 12 𝑚 𝑊 = ?
SOLUTION:
𝑊=𝐷×F
W= (12
3.8𝑓𝑡 2.20𝑙𝑏
w= (12m) ( 1 𝑚 ) (100kg x 1𝑘𝑔 ) = 39.36ft
39. 36𝑓𝑡 × 220𝑙𝑏 = 8,659.2lb
The amount of work that has been done is 8,659.2 ft-lb. The following given variables are
needed to be converted to a Gravimetric system.

2. A loaded wagon weighing 1000 kg requires 40 kg of force to pull it along a horizontal

surface. If the wagon is pulled for 50 m, calculate the amount of work done. (rolling
resistance is = 0)

FORMULA
𝑊 = 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝐹 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐷 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Given:
𝐹 = 40 𝑘𝑔 𝐷 = 50m 𝑊 = ?
SOLUTION:
W= FgD
W= (40kg) (50m)
W= 2,000 m-kg

3. If a force of 100 lb moves through a distance of 12 feet in 2 minutes, how much power
is developed?
FORMULA:
𝑃 = 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐷 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐹 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑇 = 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
Given:
𝐷 = 12 𝑓𝑡 𝐹 = 100 𝑙𝑏 𝑇 = 2 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑃 = ?
SOLUTION:
𝐷×𝐹
𝑃= 𝑇

12𝑓𝑡 × 100𝑙𝑏 1200𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏

𝑃= 2𝑚𝑖𝑛
= 2𝑚𝑖𝑛
= 600 ft-lb/min

The power that has been developed is 600 ft-lb/min if the force of 100 lb moves through a
distance of 12 ft in 2 minutes. In the result, the unit related with power is a combination of the
individual units for the given variables. In this case, the answer is read as 600 foot-pounds per
minute. This is the “time-rate” at which work is being done.

4. If a 50 lb force is applied at the end of a wrench that is 1 ft long, how much torque is
developed?

FORMULA:

Torque = Force × Lever arm length or 𝑇𝑜 = 𝐹 ×𝐿𝐴

𝑇𝑜 = 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝐹 = 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐿𝐴 = 𝐿𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟 Arm

GIVEN:

𝐹 = 50 𝑙𝑏 𝐿𝐴 = 1 𝑓t To = ?

SOLUTION:

𝑇𝑜 = 𝐹 × 𝐿A

𝑇𝑜 = 50 𝑙𝑏 × 1 𝑓t

To = 𝟓𝟎 lb-ft

The amount of torque than has been developed is 50 lb-ft if the 50 lb is applied at the end of
the wrench with a length of 1 ft. To distinguish torque from work, torque is written with units with
the force unit first, “pound-feet,” and the units for work is written with the distance unit first, foot
pounds.

5. How many horsepower are developed if a person loads six 50 lb bales onto a truck
platform 4 ft high in 1.5 minutes?

FORMULA:

𝐷 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐹 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑇 = 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 ℎ𝑝 = ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒r

GIVEN:

𝐷 = 4 𝑓𝑡 𝐹 = 6 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑠 𝑜𝑓 50 𝑙𝑏 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑇 = 1.5 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ℎ𝑝 =?

SOLUTION:
 𝑙𝑏 − 𝑓𝑡
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑏 − 𝑓𝑡 1𝑚𝑖𝑛
1 ℎ𝑝 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑙𝑏 − 𝑓𝑡 or 1 ℎ𝑝 = Power 𝑚𝑖𝑛
× 33,000 𝑙𝑏−𝑓𝑡
33,000 𝑚𝑖𝑛

1 ℎ𝑝 = 33,000 ft-lb/min

𝐹×𝐷
ℎ𝑝 = 𝑇 × 33,000

hp=
(
4𝑓𝑡 × 6 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ×
50𝑙𝑏
𝑏𝑠𝑙𝑒 ) =
4𝑓𝑡 × 300𝑙𝑏
=
1,200 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏
1.5 𝑚𝑖𝑛 × 33,000 49,500 𝑚𝑖𝑛 49,500 𝑚𝑖𝑛

= 0.024 hp

The following conversion factor of 1 hp= 33,000 ft-lb/min cannot produce proper result unless
the power is in the unit of ft-lb/min so that the amount of horsepower that has been developed is
0.024 hp if the person loads six 50 lb bales onto a truck platform 4 ft high in 1.5 minutes

CONCLUSION (This part of the report usually reflects that the objectives have been attained)

Exercise execution reveals that Work, Power, Torque, and Horsepower each have unique
formulas and units that are solely related to one another. Because the Gravimetric or English
system is frequently used in Agricultural Engineering, the formula for Work is W = D x F with
𝐷×𝐹
the unit of ft-lb, whereas the formula for Power is P = 𝑇 with the common unit of ft-lb/min. In
order to distinguish it from the unit of work, the formula for torque is To = F LA. The formula for
𝐹×𝐷
horsepower is hp = 𝑇 × 33,000 , and the following conversion factor of 1 hp= 33,000 ft-lb/min
cannot produce the desired results unless the power is in the unit of ft-lb/min and the correct
unit for it is ft-lb/min or horsepower. These many formulas can also be adjusted to account for
the problems' obvious unknown variables, allowing for calculations to yield results with the
correct units. Understanding this various formula would be very beneficial for carrying out
various trials or studies relating to it for effective results.

REFERENCES

Urone P. and Hinrichs R, (2012), “College Physics”. Retrieved from; College physics : Urone,
Paul Peter, author : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
Solie, J., (2007), “Introduction to Agricultural Engineering Technology: A Problem Solving
Approach, Third Edition”. Retrieved from;
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07741S7Y8/?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_w=uI7WK&content-id=a
mzn1.sym.a1a3dfab-606d-4be0-8433-474635d71669&pf_rd_p=a1a3dfab-606d-4be0-8433-47
4635d71669&pf_rd_r=11X3NP5P8C2V143MP06H&pd_rd_wg=yTd8U&pd_rd_r=333b31f4-d1f
0-4530-8293-6b5ebbadbcb6
Ovando, R. (2021). What is Power in Physics?. Retrieved from; What is Power in Physics? -
Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com
Field, H. and Long, J. (2018). Introduction to Agricultural Engineering Technology. Retrieved
from; Introduction to Agricultural Engineering Technology: A Problem Solving Approach

Instruction:

Provide what is asked in this activity in response to the objectives stated above. Kindly do this
work individually. Write your references following the international standard in writing and in
citing literature. Your answers for this activity should be submitted no later than November 04,
2022.