Exercicios de Integración por partes ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢

1. ∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 =↓ − 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥 = −𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑘

Collemos: 𝑢 = 𝑥 → 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥

e 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

𝑥2 1 𝑥2 𝑥2 1 1
2. ∫ 𝑥 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =↓ 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔𝑥 − ∫ (1 − 1+𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = (∗)
2 2 1+𝑥 2 2 2

1
𝑢 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔𝑥 → 𝑑𝑢 = 1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Collemos { 𝑥2
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 2

𝑥2 1
Faise a división: 1+𝑥 2 = 1 − 1+𝑥 2

𝑥2 1 1 𝑥 2 +1 1
= (∗) = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔𝑥 − 2 𝑥 + 2 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔𝑥 + 𝑘 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑡𝑔𝑥 − 2 𝑥 + 𝑘
2 2

3. Faino ti:

∫ 𝑥 4 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 4 𝑒 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥 + 12𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 − 24𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 24𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑘

4. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =↓ − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =↓ − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + ∫(1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 =(*)

𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 → 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥
Collemos { 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = 1
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=(*)= −𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ⟹ 2 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ⟹

1
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ) + 𝑘
2

Esta integral pódese facer doutra maneira que veremos máis adiante.
1 1 11 1 1
5. ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =↓ − 𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑥 𝑙𝑛|𝑥| − + 𝑘
𝑥

1
𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛𝑥 → 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Collemos { −1
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥

1 1
6. 𝐼 = ∫ 2𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =↓ 2𝑥 2 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥 − ∫ 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥 4𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥 − 2 ∫ 𝒙 𝒔𝒆𝒏𝟐𝒙 𝒅𝒙

𝑢 = 2𝑥 2 → 𝑑𝑢 = 4𝑥𝑑𝑥
Tomamos { 1
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥

𝑥 1 𝑥 1
∫ 𝒙 𝒔𝒆𝒏𝟐𝒙 𝒅𝒙 =↓ − 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥
2 2 2 4

1
 𝑢 = 𝑥 → 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
{ −1
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
2
1
Entón: 𝐼 = ∫ 2𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥 + 𝑘

7. Integral cíclica. (Facela vós)

∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =↓

𝑢 = 𝑒 −𝑥 → 𝑑𝑢 = − 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Tomamos {𝑑𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = 1 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥
2

𝑥3 𝑥3 1 𝑥3 𝑥2
8. ∫(𝑥 2 + 1)𝑙𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =↓ ( 3 + 𝑥) 𝑙𝑛𝑥 − ∫ ( 3 + 𝑥) 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ( 3 + 𝑥) 𝑙𝑛𝑥 − ∫ ( 3 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 =(*)

1
𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛𝑥 → 𝑑𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
Tomamos { 𝑥3
𝑑𝑣 = (𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = + 𝑥
3

𝑥3 𝑥3
=(*)= ( 3 + 𝑥) 𝑙𝑛𝑥 − −𝑥+𝑘
9

cos (𝑙𝑛𝑥)
9. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 =↓ 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥) − ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥) − ∫ cos(𝑙𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥
𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥) − 𝐼1
cos (𝑙𝑛𝑥)
𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥) → 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
collemos { 𝑥
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥

sen(𝑙𝑛𝑥)
𝐼1 = ∫ cos(𝑙𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑙𝑛𝑥) + ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑙𝑛𝑥) + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑥
−sen(𝑙𝑛𝑥)
𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑙𝑛𝑥) → 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
{ 𝑥
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑥 → 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥

Entón:

∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥) − 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑙𝑛𝑥) − ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 ( 𝑐í𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎) ⟹

𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥) − 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑙𝑛𝑥)
2 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥) − 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑙𝑛𝑥) ⟹ ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = +𝑘
2