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Module 81

MATH
PARTS OF A TRIANGLE/ QUADRILATERAL

A DepEd-BEAM Distance Learning Program supported by the Australian Agency for International Development
 To the Learner

Hey Kid! It’s nice to learn the different polygons. This

module will help you learn the parts of some polygons.

Let’s Learn This

Identifying parts of a triangle/quadrilateral.

Let’s Try This

Identify the different shapes as body parts of the doll and

name each figure.

Very Good! If you can name all the shapes found in the
illustration. If not, review your past lessons on different kinds of
shapes and figures.

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 Let’s Study This

A. Study the given figure below.

B C

A triangle is one of the basic shapes of Geometry. It is a

polygon with three vertices and three sides which are straight line
segments. A triangle is named by writing the vertices in any order.
The triangle above is ∆ ABC.

The segments are the sides of the triangle, denoted by A B ,

B C and C A in the example. These three segments or sides
joined at the vertices form the angles of the triangle, denoted as ∠A,
∠B and ∠C.

Parts of ∆ ABC.

Sides Vertices Angles

A B A ∠BAC or ∠B
B C B ∠ABC or ∠A
C A C ∠CAB or ∠C
B

height of a triangle

A C

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B. Look at the next set of figures. They are called quadrilaterals.
These are polygons having four sides and four angles.

Parallelogram is a quadrilateral
L F
with two opposite sides parallel and
congruent and the opposite angles
are equal. Congruent means having
the same shape and size. In I E
symbol, “∠” is used to mean the
word congruent.

The two pairs of opposite sides

which are congruent are L F and
I E and L I and F E .

The pairs of opposite equal angles

are L and E and I and F.

P Q
A rectangle is a special
parallelogram with four right
angles. RPQS is a rectangle. ∠P,
R S ∠Q, ∠R and ∠S are right angles.
The four sides are P Q , Q S ,
S R and P R .

A rhombus is a parallelogram with four B C

congruent sides. ABCD is a rhombus.
A B ∠B C ∠C D ∠A D .
A D

D O
A square is a parallelogram with four
congruent sides and four congruent
angles.
E V
A square is also a rhombus with four
congruent angles. DOVE is a square
where ED ∠ D O ∠ O V ∠ V E . ∠D,
∠O, ∠V, ∠E are right angles.

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 I base S
Trapezoid is a quadrilateral with
leg leg only one pair of parallel sides.

FISH is a trapezoid. I S is parallel

F H to F H . In symbols, I S II F H .
base The parallel sides of a trapezoid are
called bases, and the non-parallel
sides are called legs.

Let’s Do This

1. Draw a triangle. Name it as ∆ABC.

2. Draw a square. Name it as WXYZ.

Let’s Remember This

1. A triangle is a polygon with three sides and three angles. The

segments are the sides of a triangle. The line segment drawn
from the vertex of a triangle to the base (the side opposite the
vertex) determines its height.

2. A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides. This particular

polygon can be classified into a:
a. Parallelogram- a quadrilateral with two opposite
sides parallel
1. Rectangle - a parallelogram with four right angles
2. Rhombus- a parallelogram with four congruent
Sides
3. Square- a rectangle with four congruent sides
b. Trapezoid- a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of
parallel sides

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 Let’s Do More

1. Draw a triangle. Name it as ∆ XYZ.

Name all the sides and the angles.

2. Draw a rectangle and name it as ABCD. Name all its sides and its
angles.

3. Draw a rhombus and name it WXYZ. Name all the sides and the
angles.

Let’s Test Ourselves

A B

F E C

Look at the illustration above.

1. Name all the triangles.

2. Name all the quadrilaterals.

Check your answers with the answer key. If you get….

15-18 - Excellent! You may now proceed to the next lesson.

9-14 - You need to review the items you missed.

0-8 - You need to repeat the module.

Ask your teacher or elder to help you.

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 Answer Key

Let’s Try This

triangle
circle circle
rectangle

Circle
circle
triangle

Irregular hexagon
irregular hexagon

Let’s Do This
A

1.

B C

W X
2.

Z Y

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 Let’s Do More

Y
The three sides are:
X Y , Y Z and X Z .
1.
The three corners or angles are;
∠X or ∠YXZ
∠Y or ∠XYZ
X Z ∠Z or ∠XZY

A B
2.
The four sides are A B , B C ,
C D and A D . The four right
angles are ∠A, ∠B, ∠C and ∠D.
D C

3. X Y
WXYZ is a rhombus. The four sides
are W X , X Y , Y Z and W Z .
The angles include, ∠W, ∠X, ∠Y and
∠Z.

W Z

Let’s Test Ourselves

Triangles

1. ∆AFE; ∆AEB; ∆BED; ∆BDC; ∆BEC

∆FEA; ∆EAB; ∆EDB; ∆CDB; ∆CBE

Quadrilaterals:

AFCB; ABCF; ABDE; DEAB; AECB

BCEA; BDFA; AFDB