Jimma University

Jimma Institute of Technology

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
IC Engine and Reciprocating Machines Work sheet + Assignment

PART ONE
1. How Internal Combustion Engine differ from External Combustion Engine?
2. Briefly explain classification of IC Engines.
3. Differentiate between two stroke and four strokes I.C. engine.
4. Differentiate between C.I engine and S.I. Engine I.C. engine
5. Briefly explain geometric parameters of reciprocating Engines with a neat sketch.
6. Discus the engine performance parameters.
7. What is combustion process ? What are the different phases of combustion in SI and
CI engines?
8. What is valve timing diagram? What is flame front?
9. What are the functions of Fuel injection system for C.I. engines? What are the
differences between a carburettor and fuel injector?
10. What is carburettor? What are the functions of carburettor?
11. Differentiate between air cooling system and water-cooling system?
12. What are the terms Ignition delay period, Physical delay and Chemical delay in CI
engine?
13. What is angle of overlap? What is supercharging? What is pre-ignition ?
14. What is detonation. What are the Effects of detonation? What are the methods to
Control of detonation in SI engine? –
15. What is the significance of Turbulence? What are the terms Swirl, Squish and
Tumble?
PART TWO
1. A Four-cylinder, 2.5 liter, SI automobile engine operates at WOT on a four-stroke air-
standard Otto cycle at 3000 rpm. The engine has a compression ratio of 8.6:1, a
mechanical efficiency of 86%, and a stroke-to-bore ratios S/B= 1.025. Fuel is isooctane
with AF = 15, a heating value of 44,300 kj/kg, and combustion efficiency = 100%. At the
start of the compression stroke, conditions in the cylinder combustion chamber are
100kpa and 60℃ . It can be assumed that there is a 4% exhaust residual left over from the
previous cycle. Calculate:
a) Displacement volume ,clearance volume , bore and stroke
b) The mass within the cylinder(mass of mixture, mm)
c) Pressure and temperature for compression stroke 1 – 2
d) Mass of air ma , mass of fuel mf and mass of exhaust residual,mex
e) Heat added during one cycle ,T 3 and P3
f) Pressure and temperature for power stroke 3 – 4
g) Work produced, w 3−4 for one cylinder during a cycle.
h) Work absorbed,w 1−3 for one cylinder during a cycle.
i) Net indicated work for one cylinder during one cycle.
j) Indicated thermal efficiency
k) Indicated mean effective pressure ,imep
l) Indicated power at 3000 rpm
m) Mean piston speed
2. A CI engine operating on the air-standard Diesel cycle has cylinder conditions at the start
of compression of 65°C and 130 kPa. Light diesel fuel is used at an equivalence ratio of
if> = 0.8 with a combustion efficiency of = 0.98. Compression ratio is rc = 19. Calculate:
a) Temperature and Pressure at each state of the cycle.
b) Cutoff ratio.
c) Heat lost in exhaust. [kJ/kg]
d) Thermal efficiency
3. A pickup truck has a five-liter, V6, SI engine operating at 2400 RPM. The compression
ratio rc = 10.2:1, the volumetric efficiency ηv = 0.91, and the bore and stroke are related
as stroke S = 0.92 B.
Calculate:
a) Stroke length (cm)
b) Average piston speed (m/s)
c) Clearance volume of one cylinder (cc)
d) Air flow rate into engine (kg/sec)
e) Piston speed at crank angle of 90o at TDC
4. An in-line six, 3.3-liter CI engine using light diesel fuel at an air-fuel ratio of AF = 20
operates on an air-standard dual cycle. Half the fuel can be considered burned at constant
volume, and half at constant pressure with combustion efficiency ηc = 100%. Cylinder
 conditions at the start of compression are 60°C and 101 kPa. Compression ratio rc = 14:1.
This engine is tested and develops 57kw brake power at 2000RPM. Calculate:
a) Temperature and pressure at each state of the cycle. [K, kPa]
b) Cutoff ratio and pressure ratio.
c) Indicated thermal efficiency. [%]
d) Heat added during combustion. [kJ/kg]
e) Net indicated work. [kJ/kg]
f) Torque. [N-m]
g) Mechanical efficiency. [%]
h) Brake mean effective pressure. [kPa]
i) Indicated specific fuel consumption. [gm/kW-hr]
5. An air standard dual cycle has a compression ratio of 16 and compression begins at 1 bar
and 50⁰C. The maximum pressure is 70 bar. The heat transformed to air at constant
pressure is equal to heat transferred at constant volume. Find the temperature at all cardial
points, cycle efficiency and mean effective pressure.Take Cp= 1.005KJ/kgK, Cv =
0.718KJ/kgK.