Geotagging of Missing Building Points from Processed Post-Census Maps and EA Delineation for the Development of

EARF for the 2022 CAF

CHAPTER 3: CONCEPTS AND

DEFINITION OF TERMS

This chapter focuses on the presentation of the conceptual framework of the

undertaking, as well as various Geographical Information Systems (GIS) terminologies
that are used for the Geotagging of Missing Building Points from Processed Post-
Census Maps and EA Delineation for the Development of Enumeration Area
Reference File (EARF) for the 2022 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (2022 CAF).
The conceptual framework and terminologies are necessary to further understand the
instructions and processes involved in the activity.

3.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Provided below is the conceptual framework for the Geotagging of Missing Building
Points from Processed Post-Census Maps and EA Delineation for the Development of
Enumeration Area Reference File (EARF) for the 2022 Census of Agriculture and
Fisheries (2022 CAF) activity:

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3.2 DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following are the operational definitions of terms that are used for the activity:

Barangay
It refers to the smallest administrative division/unit in the Philippines. Some
barangays, especially in the rural areas are further subdivided into smaller
areas called puroks or sitios.

Barangay boundary
It refers to a legal border that separates two or more barangays.

Block
It refers to an area bounded on all sides by visible features such as streets,
roads, railroad tracks, rivers, creeks, and others or by invisible features such
as city/municipality or province limits.

Block mapping
It refers to the process of enlarging a portion of an enumeration area (EA)
maps. It is usually done for areas in the barangay that are congested, that is,
with high concentration of population and buildings/housing units.

Building
It refers to any structure built, designed or intended for the enclosure,
shelter or protection of any person, animal or property. It consists of one or
more rooms and/or other spaces, covered by a roof, and usually enclosed
within external walls or with common dividing walls with adjacent buildings,
which usually extend from the foundation to the roof.

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Types of Building

• Residential Building
o These are buildings which have been designed or
constructed and are intended for abode such as single
houses, houses for multi-unit residential buildings.

• Commercial Building
o These are buildings built or constructed for transacting
business or for rendering professional services such as
store, markets, offices, warehouses, rice mills, banks, and
others.

• Industrial Building
o These are buildings built or constructed for processing,
assembling, fabricating, finishing, and manufacturing or
packaging operations such as a factory or plant.

• Agricultural Building
o These are buildings built for agricultural purposes such as
a stable, poultry house, granary, tool shed, silo or feed
storage, and others.

• Institutional Building
o These are buildings built or constructed for housing
organizations such as a religious sect, government offices,
educational institutions, hospitals, and others.

• Residential Building with Commercial/Industrial unit/space

o These are buildings which have been designed or
constructed and are intended as residential, however at
the time of visit, a portion is being used as a commercial
/industrial unit. (e.g. residential building with restaurant).
For similar cases, but are currently being used fully as a
commercial unit should still be considered in this category.

• Residential Building With institutional living quarter

o These are buildings which have been designed or
constructed and are intended as institutional living
quarters. (e.g. residential buildings with one unit occupied
by institutional population such as boarding houses). For
similar cases, but are currently being used fully as an

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institutional living quarter should still be considered in this

category.

• Commercial/Industrial Building with housing unit/institutional unit

and/or living quarter
o These are buildings built or constructed for transacting
business for rendering professional services such as
stores, markets, offices, warehouses, rice mills, banks,
and others. However at the time of visit, a portion of the
building is being used as a living or institutional living
quarter. (e.g. industrial building with quarters for live-in
workers, commercial building with residential units,
commercial building with units occupied by religious sect
and/or government offices). For similar cases, but are
currently being used fully as an institutional living quarter
or residential unit should still be considered in this
category.

• Institutional Building with housing unit/living quarters

o These are buildings built or constructed for housing
organizations such as a religious sect, government offices,
educational institutions, hospitals, and others. A portion is
being used as a residential unit (e.g. School with living
quarters occupied by workers, Church with living quarters
occupied by seminarians). For similar cases, but are
currently being used fully as an institutional living quarter
or residential living quarter should still be considered in this
category.

• Institutional Building with Commercial/Industrial Unit/Space

o These are buildings built or constructed for housing
organizations such as a religious sect, government offices,
educational institutions, hospitals, and others. A portion is
being used as a commercial/industrial unit (e.g. Hospital
with restaurant, Municipal Hall with convenience store
owned by cooperative). For similar cases, but are currently
being used fully as a commercial/industrial unit should still
be considered in this category.

More specifically, the buildings to be geo-tagged are the following:

• Residential buildings
• Non-residential buildings
o These are buildings which have been designed or
constructed for purposes other than residential.

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• Commercial building
• Industrial building
• Agricultural building
• Institutional building

o Religious Buildings (Church, Chapel, Mosque, Temple,

Convents, Nunneries, Seminaries and others)
o Educational Buildings (Private & Public
Schools/Colleges/Universities, Archive, Library, Museum,
Boarding Schools and others)

o Medical Buildings (Hospitals, Nursing Homes, Rehabilitation

Centers for drug addicts and others)

o Government Buildings (Provincial/City/Municipal Hall,

Barangay Hall, Police Station, Fire Station, Post Office,
Embassy, Prison and others)

o Military Buildings (Military camp, Philippine Military

Academy, PNP Academy and others)

o Organization/Institution such as Home for the aged, Child

welfare institutions, Institution for juvenile and sexually
abused, Refugee camps and others.

Building Structure

Form of Building Structures

1. Single
• It is an independent separated by an open space or
walls from all other structures.
• It is a complete structure intended for one household. It
includes the so-called “nipa hut” or small house that is built
as a more or less permanent housing unit, or a barong-
barong which is made of salvaged/makeshift/improvised
materials.

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2. Duplex
• It is a structure that is divided vertically or horizontally
into two separate housing units which are usually
identical.

3. Multi-unit (three units or more)

• It is a building consisting of three or more units.
These structures may consist of one or more storey
in a row of three or more units, separated from each
other by wall as extending from the ground to the
roof, or buildings having floor to accommodate three
or more units.

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Examples:

a. Apartment
• An apartment is a structure usually of several
entrances from an internal hall or court. An
apartment has one common entrance from the
outside. Apartment units may be owned by an
owner/occupier, by leasehold tenure or rented
by tenants

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b. Accessoria

• It is usually a one or two floor structure

divided into three or more units, each unit
having its own entrance from the outside.
An accessoria is sometimes referred to as
row house. Nowadays, the common term
also for accessoria is: “townhouse” which is
usually owned by the occupant.

c. Condominium
• It is usually a high-rise building where the
units are owned individually but the land
and other areas and facilities are owned in
common (co-owned).

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4. Other form
• These refer to structures not intended for human habitation
or commercial purposes but are presently occupied by
household or establishment. Container van, abandoned
railroad cars, dilapidated buses, culverts, tents, caves,
under the bridge, and others fall under this category.
(Gasoline Refilling Station covered only by a roof also fall
under this category)

Canvassing
It refers to a field operation activity which aims to make the field personnel
familiar with the barangay/EA. It involves a courtesy call to the local officials,
and conducting an ocular inspection around the barangay/EA to determine
its boundaries and recording the roads/streets, rivers/creeks, and other
permanent landmarks or prominent features seen along the way. It also
develops an efficient and systematic route around the area.

Coordinates
It refers to the set of latitude and longitude that indicates a geographic
point/location on Earth. Together, the set of latitude and longitude is used
as a geographic coordinate system to specify the precise location of a
feature on the surface of the Earth.

Coordinate systems
It refers to the method of providing a specific location of an object in space.
Coordinate systems can be WGS 84, PRS-92, UTM 51N, etc.

Demolished Building
This type of building refers to a residential or nonresidential building that
was demolished according to the provisions of a demolition permit or due
to a force majeure. During the 2020 Census of Population and Housing
(2020 CPH), this type of building was geotagged and further confirmed thru
field validation during the 2021 Processing of Post-Census Maps activity.

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Destroyed Building
This type of building refers to any structure that were badly damaged by
calamity/fire. During the 2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020
CPH), this type of building was geotagged and further confirmed thru field
validation during the 2021 Processing of Post-Census Maps activity.

Enumeration Area (EA)

It refers to the smallest statistical, geographic or territorial unit defined for
the purpose of census taking. A barangay may constitute one or more EAs.

EA boundary
It refers to the line that separates two or more EAs within the barangay.

Geodatabase
It is a database designed to store, query, and manipulate geographic
information and spatial data. Vector data can be stored as a point, line, or
polygon data type with an associated spatial reference system. A
geodatabase record can use a geometry data type to represent the location
of an object and its associated attributes.

Geographic Information System (GIS)

It refers to a system of hardware, software, peopleware, and procedures
designed to support the capture, storage and retrieval, management,
editing/manipulation, analysis, modeling, and presentation/display of
spatially referenced (geographic) data for solving complex planning and
management problems.

Geopackage
It refers to an open format container which allows storage of GIS data
(shapefile layers) in a single file. Unlike the ESRI Shapefile, this format has
the ability to contain various data (both vector and raster) in different
coordinate reference systems, as well as tables without spatial information.
Using the geopackage format incorporates all of the file extensions (.shp,
.dbf, .shx) of a shapefile layer into a single file.

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Geo-tagging
It refers to the process of adding geographical identification metadata to
various media such as a geotagged photograph or video, websites, SMS
messages, QR Codes or RSS feeds and is a form of geospatial metadata.
This data usually consists of latitude and longitude coordinates, though they
can also include altitude, bearing, distance, accuracy data, and place
names, and perhaps a time stamp.
For this activity, during the geotagging phase, the Map Data Verifier (MDV)
is tasked to geotag the missing buildings identified in CPH Forms 2 and 3.

Global Positioning System (GPS)

It is a system of hardware, software, and procedures designed to support
the capture, management, manipulation, analysis, modeling, and display of
spatially referenced data for solving complex planning and management
problems. The main objective of GPS to add value to spatial data by
allowing it to be organized and viewed efficiently, by integrating them with
other data, by analysis, and creation of new data.

Google Earth
It refers to an application that allows you to navigate planet Earth from
multiple views. Google Earth combines satellite photos and maps with a
search engine to allow you search to find directions and specific addresses
or general locations and services.

Landmarks
It refers to prominent natural and man-made features found in a
barangay/EA.
Here are some examples of landmarks:

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Airport - a location where aircraft, such as

airplane and helicopters, take off and land.

Barangay Hall - a building wherein the

smallest officially recognized socio- political
unit is housed.

Cemetery – a burial ground, government or

privately owned, that is open for general use of
the public. This is a place duly authorized by
law for burying the dead, such as memorial
parks/gardens, crematoria, and others. Excluded are
private graveyards.

Church/Chapel- a building or structure which

is considered as a divine place of worship of
Christian religious groups or sects. It includes
only those buildings or structures where
religious services are held at least once a week.
Excluded are private houses used for religious
gatherings or prayer meetings.

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City/Municipal Hall - a building in which the

functions of the city/municipal government are
carried out. It is regarded as the chief
administrative building of a city/municipality. It
is usually located in the city/municipality proper or
poblacion and houses the office of the city/municipal
mayor and legislative council.

Health Center (Barangay Health Center,

Puericulture Center), Barangay Health
Station and Rural Health Unit or Urban
Health Unit

A. Health Center – a health facility being

administered by the government and private
institutions or agencies to improve the health
conditions of the population through the provision
of health services, either free of charge or for a
fee.

1. Barangay Health Center – a health facility

which requires only the presence of a midwife
either live-in or present only during office
hours; there are doctors on call.

2. Puericulture Center – a health center that is

smaller than a hospital but bigger than clinics.
It requires a physician, lying-in beds, or at least
one maternity bed. Minor surgeries can be
performed in these centers.

B. Barangay Health Station – a peripheral health

facility that delivers basic services to a barangay
with an estimated population of 5,000 and usually
staffed by a midwife.

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C. Rural Health Unit (RHU)/Urban Health Center

(UHC) – a field health unit/center of the local
government units (LGU) providing or making
accessible under the direct supervision of at least
one physician, the basic health services for a
city/municipality.

Hospital- a building, institution, or a

place(whether public or private) devoted
primarily to the maintenance and operation of
facilities for the diagnosis, treatment, and care
of individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury or
deformity, or in need of obstetrical or other medical and
nursing care.

Market- a place or building where traders sell

their goods or services to people in exchange
for money, goods, or services. The trading
activities should be carried out at least once a
week. Excluded are improvised structures used for
selling goods/rendering services, and
supermarkets/hypermarkets.

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Mosque - a building or structure which is

considered as a divine place of worship for
persons practicing the Islamic faith.

Mountain - a large landform that stretches

above the surrounding land in a limited area
usually in the form of a peak.

National and Provincial Government Building – a

structure which is used as government
facilities where the government and corporate
services of the country/province are delivered.

Pier or Wharf- a raised structure, including

bridge and building supports and walkways,
overwater, typically supported by widely
spread piles or pillars. The lighter structure of
a pier allows tides and currents to flow almost
unhindered, whereas the more solid foundations of a
quay or the closely-spaced piles of a wharf can act as a
breakwater, and are consequently more liable to silting.

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Provincial Capitol - is a concrete example of provincial

government building. It houses the office of the
provincial governor, legislative council, and other
provincial offices. It is usually located in the capital
city/municipality of a province.

Public Park– a public garden may be

surrounded by grass and trees, or a public area
intended as a nature reserve or for recreation
purposes of the general public.

River - a natural watercourse,

usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, a lake, a
sea, or another river.

Road - a thoroughfare, route, or way

between two places, which typically has been improved
to allow travel by some conveyance, including a horse,
cart, or motorized vehicle. Modern roads are normally
smoothed, paved, or otherwise to allow easy travel.

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School - a building which houses an institution

(whether private or public) designed for the
teaching of students (preschool, elementary,
high school, and college/university levels of
education) under the supervision of teachers. This
excludes houses that offer private or tutorial services.

Trail - a thoroughfare with a rough

beaten or dirt/stone surface used for travel. Trails may
be for us only by walkers and in some places are the
main access routes to remote areas.

Map
It is a graphic representation of a portion of the earth’s surface. It uses
colors, symbols, and labels to represent features found on the area.

Map Digitization
It refers to the conversion of map data from graphic to digital form.

Map Processing
It involves the digitization or conversion of all collected map information into
GIS-based format and updating of existing GIS-based maps

Missing Buildings
It refers to the buildings identified listed in CPH Forms 2 and 3 but has no
corresponding geotagged building on the map.

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QField
It is a tablet application that allows QGIS projects to be processed
maintaining the QGIS desktop application’s styling and edit widgets.

QML
It refers to a QGIS Style Format, contains all the information QGIS can
handle for the rendering of feature geometries including symbol definitions,
sizes and rotations, labelling, opacity and blend mode and more.

QGIS
Also known as “Quantum GIS”, It is a cross-platform free and open-source
desktop Geographic Information Systems (GIS) application that provides
data viewing, editing, and analysis capabilities.

Raster Data
It is a representation of the world as a surface divided into a regular grid of
cells. Raster models are useful for storing data that varies continuously, as
in an aerial photograph, a satellite image, a surface of chemical
concentrations or an elevation surface.

Shapefile
It is a file format used for storing geographic information data in GIS
computer programs and databases, such as ArcGIS and QGIS. The file
extension for a shapefile is shp. Shapefiles spatially describe vector
features: points, lines and polygons representing for example landmarks,
roads or rivers, and barangays. Each item usually has attributes that
describe it, such as names and geocodes.

Snapping
It is a processing/editing operation of moving vertices of one feature to a
location on another feature in the GIS map. It is useful with many editing
operations, such as creating polygons that do not overlap or have gaps

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between them, drawing lines that connect to each other, or placing a point
exactly along an existing line.

Spatial data
It is also known as geospatial data or geographic information. It is a form of
data which identifies the geographic location of features and boundaries on
Earth, such as natural or constructed features, oceans, and others. Spatial
data is usually stored as coordinates and topology, and the type of data that
can be mapped. Spatial data is often accessed, manipulated, or analyzed
through GIS.

Vector data
It is a representation of the world using points, lines and polygons. Vector
models are useful for storing data that has discrete boundaries, such as
country borders, land parcels and streets.

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