FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE YUCATÁN

FINAL PROJECT

(PRODUCT. 20 points)

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

6th Semester

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Learning outcome

Determine internal forces and displacements in statically indeterminate elements

and structures using mathematical models and software.

Activity

In teams, carry out the structural analysis of a frame using:

1. The Flexibility Method.

2. The Stiffness Method.
3. Structural analysis program.

Write a report that contains the following sections:

• Introduction
• Flexibility Method
o Methodology
o Results
• Stiffness Method
o Methodology
o Results

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 • SAP
o Methodology
o Results
• Conclusions
• References
• Activities and dates of the team members

Carry out the structural analysis of a 2D frame, that corresponds to a two-story

building (Fig. 1). The frames are separated by a distance D3. The construction plan
is presented in Fig. 2. Consider only dead and live loads, as well as only the
gravitational load combination:

w1

D4
w2
D2

D4

D1

Figure 1. Frame

2
 D2

D1

D3 D3 D3

Figure 2. Construction plan

The dimensions are: D1=8.0m, D2=4.0m, D3=6.5m, D4=4.5m

This analysis is one of the steps in a “Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD)”.
Consider only dead and live loads, as well as the gravity load combination:

1.3 (Dead Load) + 1.5 (Live Load)

Information about the structural analysis of this building is:

• The frame is made of reinforced concrete:

o Beams of 30 cm x 70 cm
o Columns of 30 cm x 40 cm
• The building is for offices.

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Initial activity:

Carry out a literature review to answer the following questions.

• Reglamento de Construcción del Municipio de Mérida.

o ¿Cuál es el peso máximo del concreto reforzado (kg/m 3)?
o ¿Cuánto es el peso máximo de la loseta vinílica (kg/m3)?
o ¿Cuánto es el peso máximo del calcreto (mortero de cal y arena)
(kg/m3)?
o ¿Cuál es el peso máximo de los acabados?
• Normas Técnicas Complementarias sobre criterios y acciones para el diseño
estructural de las edificaciones de la Ciudad de México.
o ¿Cuánto es la carga máxima para oficinas?
o ¿Cuánto es la carga máxima para azoteas con pendiente no mayor de
5%?

Información adicional que se puede corroborar con un fabricante de Yucatán:

• Peso del sistema de vigueta y bovedilla de 280 kg/cm2.

• Peso de bloques huecos de concreto de 3 celdas:
o 15 x 20 x 40 cm es 12 Kg.
o 20 x 20 x 20 cm es 15 Kg.
o En un m2 de muro hay 12.5 bloques.

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Determinar la carga de azotea w1:

Carga de azotea (w2) Unidades

Peso de la losa (______ Kg / m2) (D3) Kg / m

Peso del acabado Kg / m

inferior

Peso del acabado Kg / m

superior (Calcreto)

Peso propio de la Kg / m
trabe

Sobrecarga (40 Kg / m2) (D3) Kg / m

Carga Muerta Kg / m

Carga Muerta Factorizada (1.3) Kg / m

Carga Viva para azotea Kg / m

Carga Viva Factorizada (1.5) Kg / m

Carga total Kg / m

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Determinar la carga de entrepiso w2:

Carga de entrepiso (w1) Unidades

Peso de la losa (____ Kg / m2) (D3) Kg / m

Peso del acabado Kg / m

inferior

Peso de la loseta Kg / m
vinílica

Peso del muro de Kg / m

block

Peso propio de la Kg / m
trabe

Sobrecarga (40 Kg / m2) (D3) Kg / m

Carga Muerta Kg / m

Carga Muerta Factorizada (1.3) Kg / m

Carga Viva para oficinas Kg / m

Carga Viva Factorizada (1.5) Kg / m

Carga total Kg / m

NOTA: En los análisis por el Método de Flexibilidades y por el Método de Rigideces

aplicar el resultado de la combinación de cargas con factores. En el análisis por
medio de software, ingresar la carga muerta y la carga viva sin factores y
posteriormente poner los factores al hacer la combinación de carga.

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In the conclusion section, include comments about:

• The results were the same?

• Which method is easier?
• What are the engineering skills and soft skills that you strengthen in this
course?

About the teams

The class is divided in teams. The teams are the same that were established at the
beginning of the course.

At the end of the document include a short description of the participation of each student
with dates. Only a couple of lines of description per student. Co-evaluate the team members:
100% is a student that did his share well and contributed to the teams’ goals. Use the
following table to provide this information:

Co-evaluation
Student Activity Date
0-100%
Student name 1 Activity 1 of S1 Date of activity 1
Activity 2 of S2 Date of activity 2
Student name 2 Activity 1 of S2 Date of activity 2
………

All team members should have knowledge of all the project. The teacher will ask questions
and every team member should be able to answer those questions. There should be a Team
Coordinator and a Team Supervisor. The Team Coordinator should organize the team and
check that the activities are well distributed. The Team Supervisor will see that everybody
do their share and contributes to the Teams Goals on time.

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Final project report submission

Upload this report on UADY Virtual platform. The file should be in PDF format. Try to upload
only one file with the final version of your report; however, if it is necessary, you can divide
into parts to have files that are less than 2MB. The file name must include the last name of
each team member without the accent mark (e.g.
Alvarez_Dzul_Ek_Perez_Rodriguez_FP.pdf).

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Performance indicators and evaluation criteria
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS DATE:
FINAL PROJECT
EVALUATION CARRIED OUT BY: DR. LUIS ENRIQUE FERNÁNDEZ BAQUEIRO
RATING SCALE TEAM:
MEMBERS:

PERFORMANCE INDICATOR SECTIONS MAX. Excellent Good Satisfactory Fail COMMENTS

SCORE 100% 90% 70% 0%

(1.3) Apply knowledge of math, physics and Flexibility

engineering fundamentals to the solution of 2.5
Method
complex engineering problems: mathematical 5
calculations to solve a problem; application of Stiffness
2.5
calculus and algebra Method
(2.1) Identify the variables, unknown and Flexibility
2.5
restrictions of the problem: known and unknown Method
5
displacements and forces, degree of static Stiffness
2.5
determinacy, degrees of freedom. Method

(2.2) Formulates a strategy to solve an Flexibility

5
engineering problem, considering the literature Method
review: define a primary structure and formulates
the compatible equations in the Flexibility Method, Stiffness
15 5
formulates the equilibrium equations in the Method
Stiffness Method, carry out simplifications of the
problem, review designs codes looking for design Literature
5
parameters and equations. Review

(2.3) Apply models, technics or simulations to

solve complex engineering problems and reach Flexibility
substantiated conclusions about the solution: solve 8
Method
compatibility equations to obtain reactions, solve
equilibrium equations to obtain nodal 16
displacements, determine internal forces at the
ends of the elements, draw free body diagrams, Stiffness
8
verify that the global and local equilibrium is Method
satisfied.

(4.1) Apply appropriate methods to observe,

measure, record, and analyze data in a variety of
SAP 7
experimental conditions: present all the steps to
build a computational model of a structure
(4.2) Carry out an experiment to investigate
complex problems
(5.2) Use the appropriate tools for professional
practice, in accordance with the precision and
SAP 7
accuracy required for measurements, analysis
and calculations: use well the software and
present the important results, such as reactions,
displacements and internal forces
(4.3) Evaluate the information resulting from the
experimentation and reach valid conclusions.
(5.3) Interpret and understand the results of tests General 10
or measurements: interpret the results from the
software

(7.1) Follow oral or written instructions in a

General 5
professional context: verify that the student
followed all the instructions in the integrated project
(7.3) Present neatly professional engineering
information: drawings, tables, graphs and
diagrams included in a report or design
General 10
document: Present this type of information, in such
a way that it is: clear, complete, detailed. Include
values and units.
(7.4) Develop concise and coherent design
reports and documents that reflect the capacity for
synthesis and critical analysis: Present the text, in General 10
such a way that it is well written and considered
the main ideas
(10.1) Set goals, roles and responsibilities of the
team: verify that the student presents present a
General 5
section that has a table with goals, responsibilities
and dates
(10.3) Contribute in the context of a team in a
multidisciplinary environment: all the students
contribution should be clear in all learning General 5
activities. All students should know about all the
sections

TOTAL (100%) 100 0

TOTAL (20 PTS) 20 0