URDANETA CITY

UNIVERSITY College of Teacher Education

Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

Name: _____ _TIBIG_____________JOMAR______ ______ C.__________

Last Name, First Name Middle Initial
[Schedule] Time/Days: _MW 3:00 – 5:00 PM_____________ Code: E157__ Date: _03/20/2023_ score

Activity 3: First Law of Thermodynamics for Controlled Mass

1. Use your web browser and look for definitions of the First Law of Thermodynamics
o Compile at least five (5) resources and come up with your own expression of the
First Law
o You may add more references on the glossary you have created in Activity 1

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that heat is a form of energy, and
thermodynamic processes are therefore subject to the principle of conservation of
energy. This means that heat energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can, however,
be transferred from one location to another and converted to and from other forms of
energy. (Lucas, Jim. "What Is the First Law of Thermodynamics?". Future US, Inc. 11
West 42nd Street, 15th Floor, New York, NY 10036. 19 May 2015)
https://www.livescience.com/50881-first-law-thermodynamics.html.
Accessed 20 March 2023.
The first law of thermodynamics defines the internal energy (E) as equal to the
difference of the heat transfer (Q) into a system and the work (W) done by the system.
(Hall, Nancy. "First Law of Thermodynamics". National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. 13 May 2021)
https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/thermo1.html
Accessed 20 March 2023.
The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy,
adapted for thermodynamic processes, distinguishing two kinds of transfer of energy,
as heat and as thermodynamic work, and relating them to a function of a body's state,
called internal energy. (The Editors of Wikipedia. "First Law of Thermodynamics".
Wikipedia Encyclopedia. 29 August 2021)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_law_of_thermodynamics.
Accessed 20 March 2023.
The first law of thermodynamics, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states
that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; energy can only be transferred or
changed from one form to another. For example, turning on a light would seem to
produce energy; however, it is electrical energy that is converted. (The Editors of
Lumen Learning. "The Three Laws of Thermodynamics". Courses Lumen Learning.
2021)
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-three-laws-of-thermodynami
cs/.
Accessed 20 March 2023.
The laws of thermodynamics are deceptively simple to state, but they are far-reaching
in their consequences. The first law asserts that if heat is recognized as a form of

(075) 600 - 1507

San Vicente West, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
Your brightfuture starts here ucu.edu.ph | univpresidentofficial@gmail.com
 URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY College of Teacher Education
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

energy, then the total energy of a system plus its surroundings is conserved; in other
words, the total energy of the universe remains constant. (The Editors of Britannica.
"The first law of thermodynamics". Britannica Encyclopedia. 1 Jun. 2021)
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-three-laws-of-thermodynami
cs/. Accessed 20 March 2023.
The laws of thermodynamics are deceptively simple to state, but they are far-reaching
in their consequences. The first law asserts that if heat is recognized as a form of
energy, then the total energy of a system plus its surroundings is conserved; in other
words, the total energy of the universe remains constant. (The Editors of Britannica.
"The first law of thermodynamics". Britannica Encyclopedia. 1 Jun. 2021)
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-three-laws-of-thermodynami
cs/. Accessed 20 March 2023.
OWN EXPRESSION OF THE FIRST LAW
According to the First Law, a system's internal energy must be equal to the work that is
being done on it, plus or minus the heat that flows in and out of it, and any other work
that is done on it.

2. Unlock terms and concepts necessary to have a comprehension on the concepts of

the First Law (emphasizing on controlled mass)
o Cite your sources (5 references).

CONTROL MASS (CLOSED SYSTEM)

A thermodynamic analysis of a system can be performed on a fixed amount of matter
known as a control mass or over a region of space, known as a control volume.
http://www.mhtl.uwaterloo.ca/courses/ece309_mechatronics/lectures/pdffiles/ach3_w
e b.pdf.
Accessed 20 March 2023.
HEAT
Heat is less easily defined than work. In genera! terms, the temperature of a substance
increases if heat is added to it. Heat is best defined through the First Law of
Thermodynamics. (Muller-Steinhagen, Hans Michael Gottfried. "Heat". Encyclopedia
Thermopedia. 13 Feb. 2011)
https://www.thermopedia.com/content/831/.
Accessed 20 March 2023.
WORK
Work, in physics, measure of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over
a distance by an external force at least part of which is applied in the direction of the
displacement. (The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Work". Encyclopedia
Britannica. 12 May. 2020.)
https://www.britannica.com/science/workphysics.
Accessed 20 March 2023.
THERMAL EFFICIENCY
In thermodynamics, the thermal efficiency is a dimensionless performance measure of
a device that uses thermal energy, such as an internal combustion engine, a steam
turbine or a steam engine, a boiler, furnace, or a refrigerator for example. (The Editors

(075) 600 - 1507

San Vicente West, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
Your brightfuture starts here ucu.edu.ph | univpresidentofficial@gmail.com
 URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY College of Teacher Education
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

of Wikipedia. "Thermal Efficiency". Wikipedia Encyclopedia. 7 Nov. 2021.)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_efficiency#:~:text=The%20thermal%20efficienc
y%20of%20a,major%20waste%20of%20energy%20resources.
Accessed 20 March 2023.
ENERGY
Energy, in physics, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal,
electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are, moreover, heat and
work—i.e., energy in the process of transfer from one body to another. After it has been
transferred, energy is always designated according to its nature. (The Editors of
Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Energy". Britannica Encyclopaedia. 29 May. 2020.)
https://www.britannica.com/science/energy.
Accessed 20 March 2023.

3. Compile examples specifically on its application to practical daily routines or activities

(3 each)
The first law of thermodynamics thinks big: it deals with the total amount of energy in
the universe, and in particular, it states that this total amount does not change. Put
another way, the First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or
destroyed. It can only be changing form or be transferred from one object to another.
This law may seem kind of abstract, but if we start to look at examples, we’ll find that
transfers and transformations of energy take place around us all the time. For example:

o Light bulbs transform electrical energy into light energy (radiant energy).

o One pool ball hit another, transferring kinetic energy and making the second ball
move.

o Plants convert the energy of sunlight (radiant energy) into chemical energy stored
in organic molecules.

o You are transforming chemical energy from your last snack into kinetic energy as
you walk, breathe, and move your finger to scroll up and down this page.

Importantly, none of these transfers is completely efficient. Instead, in each scenario,

some of the starting energy is released as thermal energy. When it's moving from one
object to another, thermal energy is called by the more familiar name of heat. It's obvious
that glowing light bulbs generate heat in addition to light, but moving pool balls do too
(thanks to friction), as do the inefficient chemical energy transfers of plant and animal
metabolism. (Shrey Patel. "What are the applications of the first law of thermodynamics?".
MBBS from B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India. 23 Mar. 2016)
https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-applications-of-the-first-law-of-thermodynamics.
Accessed 20 March 2023.

(075) 600 - 1507

San Vicente West, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
Your brightfuture starts here ucu.edu.ph | univpresidentofficial@gmail.com
 URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY College of Teacher Education
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

4. Develop a video production (as creative as can be) on the First Law of
Thermodynamics emphasizing concepts and examples (use the collected materials in
parts 1 to 3)

(075) 600 - 1507

San Vicente West, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
Your brightfuture starts here ucu.edu.ph | univpresidentofficial@gmail.com