TOPIC 8

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

The mechanics are divided into 2 fields, dynamics and static. The dynamics
studies the motion of objects considering the causes of that movement.
These cases involve different types of forces and energy and the static
analyzes the causes of why objects are at a resting state, which is also called
equilibrium.
Force is a vector physical quantity that measures the intensity of the
interaction between two or more objects.
Contact force is the force in which an object comes in contact with another,
for example, the normal force due to direct contact between an object with a
surface. No-contact forces that are produced by the interaction of a
physical object with a vector field, like the gravitational field, the electric
field or the magnetic field.
Mass can be defined as the amount of matter that possess a body or as the
physical scalar quantity that measures the resistance of an object for either
acquiring motion, or to amend its motion condition. Mass is a measure of the
inertia that has an object, a concept that is later explained in more detail in
Newton’s Laws, being the basis of mechanics.

The next chart shows the units that are used often to quantify these
concepts:

First law: Also known as the inertia law, states that in the absence of
external forces, a body at a resting state will always remain this way, or if it
is in a state of motion at constant speed, it will continue in this state.
Second Law: Also known as the law of motion, states that the acceleration
that a body acquires is directly proportional to the resultant applied force
and inversely proportional to its mass.
Third law: also known as the action-reaction law, states that for every action
force there is a corresponding reaction force, which is equal in magnitude but
with an opposite direction.
● For every action force reaction force occurs.
● These forces are of the same magnitude.
● These forces have opposite directions.
● These forces act on different objects.
● They do not cancel each other.