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Advanced Level Problem Solving-2343

JEE 2023 | Mathematics Solution
Syllabus: Three-Dimensional Geometry-1

1.(D) Equation of any plane through the first line is   z  5 x  6   1  z  4 y  3  0 …(i)

Again equation of plane through the second line is  2 x  z  4    2  3 y  z  5   0 …(ii)
Consider the line of intersection of the planes (i) and (ii). This line lies in the plane (i) and so it intersects
the line through which the plane (i) passes unless they are parallel. Similarly the line given by (i) and (ii)
lies in the plane (ii) and intersects the line through which the plane (ii) passes unless they are parallel.
x y z
Now suppose the line drawn parallel to   is the line given by (i) and (ii) for suitable
4 1 1
x y z
1 ,  2  R. So, required line parallel to   lines on the both the planes, which implies that
4 1 1
x y z
normal to (i) and (ii), are perpendicular to the line parallel to   .
4 1 1
The conditions for which are, 5  4  41  1   1  1  1  0
and 2  4  3 2  1  1   2   1  0
19 7
which give 1  , 2  
3 2
19
Hence, the required line is given by   z  5 x  6    z  4 y  3  0
3
7
 2 x  z  4  3 y  z  5  0
2
or 15 x  76 y  16 z  75  0, 4 x  21y  5 z  43  0

2.(B) Let the equation to the variable line parallel to the y-z plane and intersecting the x-axis at A(a, 0, 0) be
xa y z
  t …(i)
0 m n
Any point on the line is (a, tm, tn). Sine it intersects the curve x  y, y 2  cz , a  tm, t 2 m 2  cm for some
t  R  0
 am  cm  locus of the line (i) is xy  cz. So, (B) is true.

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3.(A) Let Q be the foot of perpendicular from point P(1, –2, 1) to the plane x + 2y – 2z = .
x 1 y  2 z 1
Equation of PQ is    r  say 
1 2 2

Let coordinates of Q be  r  1, 2r  2,  2r  1
As Q lies on x  2 y  2 z  , we get  r  1  2  2 r  2   2  2r  1  
1
 9r  5    r  5   .
9
Also, as PQ = 5, we get
PQ 2  r 2  4r 2  4r 2  25  9r 2  25  r  5 / 3
5 1
Thus,   5     15  5      10 [  0 ]
3 9
5
 r
3
5 10 10   8 4 7 
Hence, coordinates of Q are   1,  2,   1    , ,  
3 3 3  3 3 3
4.(A,B) As L is at a constant distance from P1 and P2 , L is parallel to both P1 and P2 . If direction ratios of L are
a, b, c then
a  2b  c  0
2a  b  c  0
a b c
  
2  1 1  2 1  4
x y z
So equation of line L is     (say)
1 3 5
A point on L is  ,  3,  5  Let I  , ,   be foot of perpendicular of P  ,  3,  5  on the
plane
P1 : x  2 y  z  1  0
     3   5
then IP is normal to the plane P1. Therefore    k  say 
1 2 1
     k ,   2 k  3,    k  5
As I lies on P1
1
   k   2  2k  3    k  5   1  0  6 k  1  k  
6
1 1 1
Thus,     ,   3  ,   5 
6 3 6
 1 1 1 
 M     , 3  , 5     R 
 6 3 6  
 1 1 1 1  5 2 
For   0,   ,  ,   M and for   ,  0, ,   M
 6 3 6 6  6 3 

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
5.(A, D) The vector equation of the line through P and parallel to A is

   
r  5iˆ  7 ˆj  2 kˆ  t 3iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   5  3t  iˆ   7  t  ˆj   2  t  kˆ … (i)

The vector equation of the line through Q and parallel to B is

   
r  3i  3 ˆj  6kˆ  t ' 3iˆ  2 ˆj  4 kˆ    3  3t '  iˆ   3  2t '  ˆj   6  4t '  kˆ …(ii)
Let the third vector 2 iˆ  7 ˆj  5 kˆ intersects line (i) and (ii) in L and M. So,

 
m 2iˆ  7 ˆj  5kˆ  LM  PV of M – PV of L
  3  3t ' 5  3t  iˆ   3  2t ' 7  t  ˆj   6  4t ' 2  t  kˆ
Thus, –8 – 3t – 3t = 2m, –4 + 2t + t = 7m, 8 + 4t = –5m
Adding second and third equation, we get 4  6t '  2m
Multiplying the second equation with 3 and adding to first equation
We have, –20 + 3t = 23m
Solving these we get m = –1, t = – 1, t = –1
Thus, the PV of L is 2iˆ  8 ˆj  3kˆ and the PV of M is ˆj  2kˆ .
6.(B) D (3, – 1, 2) AB lies along (0, 1, 2)
CD lies along (2, –2, 0)
Now write equation of AB and CD and calculate shortest distance.

Equation of plane containing AB line

Find equation of plane ABC, using 3 points and find foot of 1 from D to this plane
7.(B) r = (3, – 1, 2) + d(1, 0, 0)
Equation of ABC plane is x = 1.

8.(2) Consider the cross-sectional plane and label its area b. Note that the volume of the triangular prism that
bh
encloses the pyramid is  3, and we want the rectangular pyramid that shares the base and height
2
bh
with the triangular prism. The volume of the pyramid is , so the answer is 2 .
3

9.(330) Set the cube at the origin with the three vertices along the axes and the plane equal to
ax  by  cz  d  0, where a 2  b 2  c 2  1. The distance from a point (X, Y, Z) to a plane with
AX  BY  CZ  D
equation Ax  By  Cz  D  0 is ,
A2  B 2  C 2
so the (directed) distance from any point (x, y, z) to the plane is ax + by + cz + d. so, by looking at the
three vertices, we have 10a  d  10,10b  d  11,10c  d  12, and by rearranging and summing,

10  d 2  11  d 2  12  d 2  100.  a 2  b2  c 2   100. Solving the equation is easier if we

substitute 11  d  y, to get 3 y 2  2  100, or y  98 / 3. The distance from the origin to the plane is

 
simply d, which is equal to 11  98 / 3  33  294 / 3, so 33  294  3  330

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10.(A)  A    s  ,  B   r  ,  C    p  , (D)   q 
(A) Line of shortest distance is perpendicular to both the lines Hence, vector along the line of
 
shortest distance a  b.
   
(B) The vector r1  r 2 is along the plane in which both the straight line are lying and a  b is the
   
vector perpendicular to the plane of line, hence, r1  r2 . a  b  0   
  
Hence, c  r1  r2
   
(C)  
If line are intersecting, then r1  r2 . a  b  0 
   
(D) r1  r2 and a  b are coplanar

 
 
Hence,  r1  r2  . a  b  0

11.(C) If both lines intersect, then intersection of first line with both the planes is same. i.e.,
1 1 2 2
   b  1   a  2   0  a  2 and b  1
2 2
b   2  4 a   1 a  1  2b  1

12.(B) Given relations are

al  bm  cn  0 …(i)
2 2 2
ul  vm  wn  0 …(ii)
2
u  bm  cn 
Eliminating l between relations (1) and (2) we have  vm 2  wn 2  0
2
a
 b u  a v  m
2 2 2
 2 2
 2ubcmn  c u  a w n  0  2

m
If the lines be parallel, their direction cosines are equal so that the two values of   must be equal.
n

 
The condition for this is u 2 b 2 c 2  b 2u  a 2v c 2 u  a 2 w 
a2 b2 c2
   0
u v w

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13.(B) The given lines  r  a    b  c  and r  b    c  a   pass through points a and b respectively and arc
parallel to vector b  c and c  a are coplanar.
So,  a  b  .  b  c    c  a   0

  a  b  . bca  c  bcc  a  0
  a  b . c  bca   0
 a. c  b . c  0  a. c  b. c

iˆ ˆj kˆ
14.(BD) Plane perpendicular to 1 and 2 has direction ratios of normal = 7 1 
2  16 iˆ  3 ˆj  2kˆ 
3 5 6

Also, point of intersection of lines L1 and L2 is  5, – 2, –1 .

 Required equation of plane is 1 x  5   3  y  2   2  z  1  0  x  3 y  2 z  13

15.(A,B,C,D) Clearly plane containing the lien L at a maximum distance from Q is one as shown

 QR   iˆ   2  7  ˆj  3 kˆ
  
b  iˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ  QR . b  0

  4  14  9  0   1
 R  2, 5, 4   S  3, 0, 7 
P :  x  2   5  y  3  3 z  4   0
x  5 y  3 z  11  0
Minimum distance of Q from P is zero.

x 1 y  3 z 1
P: 0 7 0 0
1 2 3
7  3 x  3  z  1  0
3x  z  2

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16. & 17
x  2 y  3 z 1
L:   
1 2 3


APB is isosceles PM iˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ  0 
   4    2  1 2   3  5  3  0
14  21
21 3  1 11 
  ; P    , 6, 
14 2  2 2

16.(A) Equation of the plane A  x  1  B  y  2   C  z  3   0

 passes through (3, 6, 9) 2 A  4 B  6C  0
A  2 B  3C  0 …(1)
 1 11  3 5
 passes through   ,6,   A  4B  C  0
 2 2 2 2
3 A  8 B  5C  0 …(2)
From (1) and (2)
A B C
 
14 14 14
A : B : C  1:1: 1
Plane : x  1  y  2   z  3   0
x yz 0
9 25 34 98
17.(B) PA  PB  2 PA  2  16  2  16  2 7 2
4 4 4 4
1  0 3  7 2  7
18.(6)  3 2 1 0
1 3 2
 lines are intersecting and for intersection points
3r1  1  r2 …(1)
2 r1  3  7  3r2 …(2)
2  r1  2 r2  7 ..(3)
 r1  1, r2  2
 Intersection point is (2, 1, – 3)
x  2 y 1 z  3
 Equation of plane is 3 2 1 0
1 3 2
 x yz0
 A  2,  9,   and B  ,  1,  3  lie on the opposite side of the plane
  2  9      1  3   0
   4   7   0
 Largest integral value is   6.

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19.(2) Let M be foot of perpendicular from Q on plane: drs of QM  1, 2, 1

x3 y5 z2
Equation of QM is   
1 2 1
 M lies on the plane.
    3  2  2  5      2   3  0
 6  12    2
 M  1,1, 0 
Let image of Q is plane be Q  x1 , y1 , z1 
x 3 y 5 z 2
 1  1, 1  1, 1 0
2 2 2
 Q   1,  3,  2 
 PR  QR  PR  QR
 R must be point of intersection of line with the plane.
x 1 y  3 z  2
 Equation of PQ    µ
2 6 4
x 2 y 3 z  2
   
1 3 2
Any point R on this line can be taken as    1, 3  3, 2  2 
 Point R on the plane.  It will satisfy its equation.
    1  2  3  3   2  2   3  0
2 1 2
 9  6     R  ,1,    a, b, c   abc  2
3 3 3
20.(B) A   q  , B   p  , C   r  , D   s 
A  2, 2, 1 , B  3,1, 2  C 1,1,1
AB  iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ
AC  iˆ  ˆj  2 kˆ
BC  2iˆ  kˆ
AC  BC
 D is (4, 2, 0)
Equation of base is x  5 y  2 z  6  0
Let E be foot of  drawn from P to the base
26 10
yz
x4 3  3 D
Equation of EP is 
1 5 2
 26 10 
Let coordinates of E be  4  D,  5 D,  2 D  since it lies on base
 3 3 
 26   10 
 4  D  5  5D   2   2 D   6  0 i.e D  2
 3   3 
 4 2
Coordinates of E are  2, ,  ; EP  120
 3 3

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21.(A) Let  , ,   be the point of intersection of two lines.

   sin A  sin B  sin C   2 d 2 and   sin 2 A  sin 2 B  sin 2C   d 2

sin 2 A  sin 2 B  sin 2C 1 A B C 1
   sin sin sin  .
sin A  sin B  sin C 2 2 2 2 16

22.(B) Let any point on second line be  , 2, 3 

6 6
cos   sin  
42 42
1 1 6
 0 AB   OA .OB sin   3.  14   6
2 2 42
 2 so, B is (2,4, 6)

   
 
23.(B) Suppose the required line intersects the given line at p with p.v. b  tc . As the line l is || to the plane r. n  1.
 
Hence AP. n  0
  
    
a b .n 

 
 b  a  tc  . n  0  t 

 
c. n
    
Hence equation of the line is r  a   b  a  tc  
  
  
  a  b . n  
r  a   b  a    c 

 c. n 
 
  
     
a b .n  
  
r  a   a  b    c 
c. n 
 
24.(A,C) The horizontal line in the plane x  2 y  3 z  4 is its line of intersection with the horizontal plane
3 x  4 y  5 z  0.
Direction ratios of the line of the least slope is given by
M 1  M 2  1,2,3   3, 4,5   2, 4,  2  or (1,  2, 1).
So, equation of the line of the least slope in the given plane through the given point is
x2 y 5 z4
  …. (i)
1 2 1
Let l, m, n be the d.c.’s of the line of the greatest slope in the plane through the given point. Since the line of the
greatest slope lies in the given plane, l  2m  3n  0 …. (ii)
Moreover, the line of the greatest slope is perpendicular to the horizontal (i)
l  2m  n  0 …. (iii)
l m n l m n
(ii) and (iii)    or  
8 2 4 4 1 2
So, the line of greatest slope on the given plane through the point is
x2 y 5 z4
  …. (iv)
4 1 2
Thus (i) and (iv)  (A) is true.

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25.(A,C ,D) Plane will be in the form

(x  y  z – 5)  a(2x – y  3z) –1)  0 i.e., x(1  2a)  y(1 – a)  z(1  3a)  5  a
It is parallel to the line y  z  0.
Since, (1  2a)  0
1 3 1 9
 a ; Thus required plane is y  z  i.e., 3y – z  9
2 2 2 2
 
 
26(C). PQ = b  a cos  (where  angle between AB and plane)
  

ba n 
 
n

  
27.(A) Equation of line AP is r  a   n
  

For point p a   n .n  d 

d  a.n
 2
n

    
  d  a.n    d  a.n  
 p  a   2   A ' is a  2   2 n 
 n   n 
   
28.(9) Put x  3cos t; y  4cos t; z  5 sin t in the equation of the plane, we get
12 cos t  12cos t  10sin t  5
1 
sin t   t sec]
2 6

29.(6). In the tetrahedron OABC, take O as the initial point and let the position vectors of A, B and C be
   1  
 
a , k and c respectively. The volume of the tetrahedron is equal to a. k  c .
6
  
Also BC  c  k so that
Volume of tetrahedron i.e.
1     1    1    1
V=
6
      
a. k  k  BC  a. k  BC  k . BC  a  k . BC a sin nˆ.
6 6 6
where n̂ is the unit vector along PN, the line perpendicular to both OA and BC. Also |BC| = b.
1  1
Here V = ab sin k  nˆ  ab sin  [projection of OB on PN]
6 6
1 1 1
= ab sin  [perpendicular distance between OA and BC] = ab sin   d  sin .
6 6 6

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x 1 y  2 z  
30.(D) (A) Line   k and line r  3i  j  
is along the vector a  2i  3j    k  t i  j  
  k 
2 3 1
  
Is along the vector b  i  j  
k . Here a  b.
3  1 1   2 1  0
Also, 2 3 1  0
1 1 1
(B) The direction ratios of the line x  y  3 z  4  0  2 x  y  3 z  5  0 are
i j 
k
1 1 2  i  7j  3
k
2 1 3
Hence, the give two lines are paralle.
(C) The given lines are  x  t  3, y  2t  1, z  3t  2  and
 x  3 y 1 z  2 x 1 y  3 z  9
r   t  1 i   2 t  3  j    t  9  
k or   and  
1 2 3 1 2 1
The lines are perpendicular as (1) 1   2  2  2    3  1  0

3  1 1  3 2  9
Also, 1 2 3 0
1 2 1
Hence, the lines are intersecting.
  3 
(D) The given lines are r  i  3j  
 k  t 2i  j  
  k and r  i  2j  5
  k  s i  2j  
 
k .
 4 
1   1 3   2  1  5
2 1 1  0
1 2 3/ 4
Hence, the lines are coplanar and hence intersecting (as the lines are not parallel).

31.(A) Equation of plane passing through (2, 1, 0) is a  x  2   b  y  1  c  z  0   0

It also passes through (5, 0, 1) and (4, 1, 1)
 3a  b  c  0 and 2a  0.b  c  0
a b c
On solving, we get  
1 1 2
 Equation of plane is   x  2    y  1  2  z  0   0
 x  2  y  1  2z  0
 x  y  2z  3 …(i)
Let the coordinate of Q  , ,  
x  2 y 1 z  6
Equation of line PQ is  
1 1 2
   2  1   6 
Since mid-point of P and Q is  , ,  which lines in line PQ
 2 2 2 

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2  1 6
2 1 6
 2  2  2
1 1 2
2    1  6 
1.  2   1.  1  2.  6
2  2  2
     2
1.1  1.1   2  2 
2   1  6
Since.    1.   2 3
 2   2   2 
   6,   5,   2  Q   6, 5, 2 

32.(A) Taking ‘P’ as origin

 p.v. of Q  pi
p.v. of R  piˆ  pjˆ
sp.v. of S  pjˆ
p p p ˆ
Equation of PQ   iˆ  ˆj  k 
2  2 2 

Equation of SR  piˆ  pjˆ   iˆ 
 
 Shortest distance between SR and PQ 
piˆ  pjˆ k  2iˆ   
2
1 2  

2 p kp
  k 2
3 6
2 2
33.(B) vˆ1   vˆ2  vˆ3    vˆ1.vˆ3  vˆ2   vˆ1.vˆ2  vˆ3
2
    
sin 2  90    . sin 2   cos  vˆ2   cos  vˆ3
4  6  3
1 3 1 3 1 1
cos 2 .    2. . .
2 4 4 2 2 2
3
cos 2   2 
2

3 3 3
 1  sin 2   2    1  sin 2     sin 1  1.
2 2 2

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x y
34.(AC) L1 :  ; z  2 (parallel to xy-plane)
a b
L2 : z  axis
x y z
L3 :  
l m n
L3 is making 45° with z-axis

  formed by L1 , L2 , L3 is isosceles right angled.

1
Area of    2  2  2 square units
2
1 1 1
Now,   60  m  , n  l 
2 2 2
 dr’s of L3 are 1, 1, 2.
Applying, angle between L1 and L3
ab0
cos 45 
a 2  b2 1  1  2
1 ab
2

2
2 a b 2
 
 2 a 2  b2   a  b 
2

2
  a  b  0  a  b
 Equation of L1 is : x  y; z  2

35.(BC) L1 , L2 and L3 are mutually perpendicular lines and all these lines are passing through P(1, 2, 3)
1    1
V   PA PB PC    2  3  6  6 cubic units
6 6
1
V  Base area   Height 
3
2 2 2
1 1  1  1 
6    .2.3    .3.6    .2.6   d
3  2   2   2 
18 18 6
 d   units
9  81  36 126 14

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36 & 37
 
r1. r2  0
2a 3  2 ab  6a 2  0
a 2  b  3a  0
2
9  3 9
b  a 2  3a  a    b 
4  2 4
 Largest integral value of b is 2
Now, for b  2, a 2  3a  2  0  a  1,  2
For a  1, b  2 For a  2, b  2
 ˆ ˆ 
r1  i  4 ˆj  6 k r1  4iˆ  4 ˆj  6 kˆ
 
r2  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ r2  4iˆ  2 ˆj  4kˆ
 
r  iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ
3 r  iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ
3
Plane P1 Plane P2
2 x  y  z    0 4 x  2 y  4 z    0
(1, –2, –1), 1,  2,  2 
2  2  1    0 4  4  8     0
 3    0
 P1 : 2 x  y  z  3  0  P2 : 2 x  y  2 z  0
3 3
36.(D) d1  , d2  0  d1  d 2 
6 6
37.(A) P1  P2  0
2 x  y  3  3    2 x  y  2 z   0
which passes through (0, 0, 0)
3  0  0 (absurd result)
It means P2 is the required plane.


38.(75) Line AB : r  iˆ  kˆ   3iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ
As, P  3  1,  2 ,   1 which lines on x  y  z  6
 2  2  6    2
Hence, P is (7, –4, 3).
Now, line of intersection of the planes x  y  z  1 and x  z  0

iˆ ˆj kˆ
is parallel to vector  1 1 1  iˆ 1  ˆj 1  1  kˆ  0  1  iˆ  kˆ  iˆ  0 ˆj  kˆ
1 0 1
x y 1 z
Now, the line is :    t (say)
1 0 1

PN   t  7  iˆ  5 ˆj   3  t  kˆ
 
  
PN . V  0  1 t  7   0  3  t  0
 2t  4  t  2
So, N  2, 1,  2 
 
 PN  5iˆ  5 ˆj  5kˆ Hence, PN  75  d  d  75

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39.(4)

Point M satisfy plane  2      6  0 …(1)

2 2  2
and    …(2)
2 1 1
6
 From Eqns. (1) and (2) we get,  
7
 26 8 8 
  , ,     , , 
 7 7 7
Similarly, A  3, 5, 2 

x3 y5 z2

 Equation of line L passes through point A´ and B´ is  
5 43 6
 Line L contained in plane 7 x  py  22  r  0
35  43 p  6 q  0 …(1)

and 7  3  5 p  2 q  r  0

or 5 p  2q  r  21 …(2)
and 14  p  q  0 …(3)
 p  1, q  13, r  42  p  3q  r  4

40.(A) (A) Distance of P(0, 3, – 2) from L2

PN   t  1 i  6 ˆj  2  t  1 kˆ
Now, PN . V  0

 
 t  1 iˆ  6 ˆj   t  1 kˆ  . iˆ  kˆ  0
 

 t  1   t  1  0; t  1
Hence, PN '  6 ˆj PN  6 ˆj  6

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(B) Distance between L1 and L2

Equation of plane containing L1 and parallel to L2

Ax  B  y  3  C  z  2   0
where 3 A  4 B  C  0
and A BC  0
A BC  0
AC  0
C  , A  , B   / 2

 Equation of plane  x   y  3    z  2   0
2
2 x  y  3  2z  4  0
2x  y  2z  1 …(i)
Now, distance of the point (1, – 3, – 1) lying on the line L1 from the plane (i)
2  3  2 1
d 2
3
(C) Area of PQR
QR  a  2iˆ  10 ˆj  0kˆ
QP  b  3iˆ  4 ˆj  kˆ

iˆ ˆj kˆ
a  b  2 1 5 0  2 iˆ  5   j 1  kˆ  4  15    2 5iˆ  ˆj  11kˆ 
   
3 i 1

ab
 25  1  121  147  3.49  7 3
2
(D) Distance of (0, 0, 0) from PQR
Equation of plane PQR is (r – p). n
=  xiˆ   y  3 ˆj   z  2  kˆ  . 5iˆ  ˆj  11kˆ 
   
 5 x   y  3   11 z  2   0
 5 x  y  11z  19  0
19 19
Distance from (0, 0, 0) of the plane d  
25  1  121 147

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41.(B) The locus is the pair of planes passing through the point of intersection of the lines and having their
bisectors as the normal.
42.(C) Let P be the foot of normal of C on BD Using 2 dimensional coordinate geometry in x-z
8 r
plane we get P as  r , 0, 
5 5
2
Also CP  as 2r.r  5 r. CP
5r

8 2 r 85
C   r, r ,  hence C A  r
5 5 5 5

43.(C) Let equation of sphere be given by

x2 + y2 + z2 + 2ux + 2vy + 2wz + d = 0 ……(1)
As sphere passes through points (1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0) and (0, 0, 1). So we have
1 + 2u + d = 0, 1 + 2v + d = 0, 1 + 2w + d = 0
1
On solving u = v = w =  (d + 1)
2
If r is the radius of the sphere, then
r  u 2  v 2  w2  d
3
r2   d  12  d   (say)
4
for r to be minimum
d 3 1
 0  .2  d  1  1  0 or d  
dd 4 3
d 2 3 1
Also, 2
  positive at d  
dd 2 3
1
Hence  is minimum at d  
3
1
So, substituting value of d we have u  v  w  
3
 equation of the sphere
2 1
 
x 2  y 2  z 2   x  y  z    0  3 x 2  y 2  z 2  2  x  y  z   1  0.
3 3

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d   d   d
44.(BC) A   ,0,0  ,B   0, ,0  ,c   0,0, 
a   b   c
1 d2
Area of triangle OAB  1 
2 ab
1 d2
Area of triangle OBC   2 
2 bc
1 d2
Area of triangle OAC   3 
2 ac
If area of triangle ABC be , then
d4  a 2  b2  c2  d 2 a 2  b 2  c2
 2  12   22  32    
4  a 2 b2 c2  2 abc
45.(A,B,C) At (0, 0, 0), x  y  z  2  2   ve  at  2, 3,1 , x  y  z  2  2  3  1  2  4   ve 
Since, both have same sign (0, 0, 0) and (2, 3, 1) lie on the same side of the plane.
2  3 1  2 4
Distance = 
12  12  12 3
Equation of a line perpendicular to the plane x  y  z  2  0
And passing through the point (2, 3, 1) is
x  2 y  3 z 1
  
1 1 1
A point on the line is    2, 3  ,1    and it lies on the plane x  y  z  2  0
4
If d   2  3    2  0   
3
 10 5 1 
 Foot of perpendicular on the plane is  , ,  
 5 3 3
 
46.(C) Let A be the initial point the p.v. of B and C be b and c respectively. Hence, let AB = c and Ab = b. The
 
b c    
c b
 
 
internal bisector is r = t    and the equation of the line BC is r  b  k c  b  and Hence the p.v.

 
bb  cc
of D is
bc
    

 bb  cc  c c  b
BD  b
 
bc bc
 
c cb ca
 BD  
bc bc
 
c cb ca
Similarly BE = 
cb c b
1 1 c  b c  b 2c 2 2
And hence      
BE BD ac ac ac a BC

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     
47.(B) Vectors along AB, BC and CA are b  a, c  b and a  c respectively. Hence the bisectors of the angular
B and C respectively are
       
  ba cb   bc ca
r  b     and r  c  t   
 c a  b 
  a
so that for the point P
       
  b  a c b  bc ca
b  
 c
   cˆ  t   
 a   a b 
  
b ac bb  cc  aa
 t and    the p.v. of is
c bca bca

48.(85) Give line is 2x  3y  4z

x y z
i.e.,  
6 4 3
Let the plane be ax  by  cz  1.
We have 6a  4b  3c  0
2a – b  1
3a – 4b  5c  1.
29 27 22
 a  ,b  ,c  
85 85 85
Thus equation of plane is 29x – 27y – 22z  85.

49.(3) Equation of plane passing through (1, 1, 1) and perpendicular to the given line is x + 2y + 3z = 6.
The minimum distance of the point (1, 1, 1) from the plane x + y + z = 1 measured perpendicular to
x  x1 y  y1 z  z1
  is the perpendicular distance of the point (1, 1, 1) from the line of intersection
1 2 3
of the above two planes.
x4 y 5 z 0
The equation of line of intersection of these planes is    r ...(1)
1 2 1
2
The minimum distance of (1, 1, 1) from the line (1) is 21 units.
3
50.(D) A   R  ; B   Q, T  ; C   P, S 
(A)   2  3    1 2    2  6   20  0

 Bisectors are
 2 x  y  2 z  3  3x  2 y  6 z  8

 2 2   12   22  32   2 2   6 2
or 7  2 x  y  2 z  3  3  3 x  2 y  6 z  8 
 Acute angle bisector is A7  2 x  y  2 z  3  3  3 x  2 y  6 z  8 
 23 x  13 y  32 z  45  0
And obtuse angle bisector is 7  2 x  y  2 z  3   3  3 x  2 y  6 z  8 
 A : 23x  13 y  32 z  45  0 and O : 5 x  y  4 z  3  0

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(B) The given planes can be written as  x  2 y  2 z  3  0 a nd 2 x  3 y  6 z  8  0

  1 2    2  3   2  6   2  6  12  20  0
  x  2 y  2 z  3  2 x  3 y  6 z  8
 Bisectors are, 
 12   2 2   22  22   32   6 2
 7   x  2 y  2 z  2   3  2 x  3 y  6 z  8 
 Acuts angular bisector is 7   x  2 y  2 z  3  3  2 x  3 y  6 z  8 
 1 3 x  23 y  32 z  3  0 and obtuse bisector is 7   x  2 y  2 z  3   3  2 x  3 y  6 z  8 
  A : 1 3 x  23 y  32 z  3  0
and O : x  5 y  4 z  4 5  0
(C) The given planes can be written as 2 x  y  2 z  3  0 a n d  6 x  2 y  3 z  8  0
  2  6   1 2    2  3  20  0
 2 x  y  2 z  3  6 x  2 y  3z  8
 Bisectors are 
 2 2 2
 1   2
2
  6 2 2
  2    3
2

 7  2 x  y  2 z  3   3  6 x  2 y  3 z  8 
 32 x  13 y  23 z  3  0 and bisector is 7  2 x  y  2 z  3   3  6 x  2 y  3 z  8 
 4 x  y  5 z  45  0
 A : 32 x  13 y  23 z  3  0 and O : 4 x  y  5 z  4 5  0

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