Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
DIVISION OF LEYTE

TANAUAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (303437)

Tanauan, Leyte

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET FOR

CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
(Quarter 3, Week 4)

Background Information for Learners

Elements of Visual Arts

Every visual art utilizes at least one of the six (6) elements: lines, shapes, forms, colors,
textures, and space. The different Elements of Art can be used to express certain emotions and
meaning. Depending on how it looks, humans have different emotional and psychological responses
and perceptions to each.
A line is a stroke or mark that can be straight, curved, thick, or thin. Depending on the look and
how it is used, a line may be utilized to suggest movement, emotions, depth, distance, and rhythm. For
example, an artwork with scribbled, jagged lines may convey emotions of anger and sadness, whereas
another artwork with refined and straight lines may convey tranquility.
A shape is a space enclosed by lines. The use of shapes can dictate the point of view of the
viewer or audience called, perspective. Perspective changes depending on a shape’s size and angles.
For instance, a square can indicate that an object is being viewed in front, then changing it to a
trapezoid can mean that the object is now below the normal eye level and that there is a change in
perspective. Additionally, shapes can also present different emotions and actions, such as circles for
continuous movement.
Form pertains to a three-dimensional shape or any shape that has length, width, and depth.
Forms help create the illusion of a three-dimensional design in a two-dimensional plane, like in interior
design or architectural design. More importantly, form is an integral element in traditional 3D art, such
as carving and ceramics.
Color refers to the product when light hits an object then reflected to the eyes. Value is how
light (tint) and dark (shade) a color is. The color of an artwork is most often the first element a viewer
evaluates and interprets. The use and value of color creates the mood of an artwork. Imagine a painting
of a city colored in dark blue – it gives off a depressing and lonely atmosphere. But if the same painting
is colored with a combination of yellow, green, and sky blue, it would exude a joyful and pleasant vibe
to the viewer.
Space is the area surrounding, between, and within an object; can either be positive or negative.
Positive space is the area occupied by any object, usually the foreground or object itself, whereas
negative space is the area surrounding an object.
Space can change a lot of things in an artwork. It illustrates the distance between objects, perspective,
depth, as well as size. It helps evoke a different message based on the relationship of the foreground
and background.
Texture pertains to the visual perception of the surface of any object. The texture of an artwork
can be experienced either through seeing or feeling it. Using the other elements of art, the artist can
recreate the surface quality of an object, which greatly contributes to realism or the imitation of life
itself. Optical illusions of the actual textures of objects are recreated in paintings and drawings.

Students’ Performance Assessment Review and Evaluation

(S.P.A.R.E.)
FB Page: Tanauan National High School
michael.regis001@r8.deped.gov.ph/09218080136
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
DIVISION OF LEYTE

TANAUAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (303437)

Tanauan, Leyte
Elements of Music
There are six (6) Elements of Music, namely, rhythm, dynamics, timbre, melody, harmony,
and texture.
Rhythm is the flow or movement of music through time. Tempo and beat are parts of rhythm.
Tempo pertains to the speed of the music (fast or slow), while beat refers to the steady and regular
pulse in music. For example, the beating of one’s heart and the ticking of a clock.
Rhythm greatly affects the emotional impact and direction of music. Musical pieces that are slow
generally give off a gentle, dramatic, or even melancholic vibe, while fast ones are generally joyful,
exciting, and fun.
Dynamics refers to the softness and loudness of music. It is used by composers to express
how they want their audience to feel or convey the mood the piece through volume and intensity. For
example, a horror movie with a chase scene will have an intense or strong music playing in the
background but will change into a quiet or soft music when a character is hiding.
Timbre, also known as “tone color”, is the unique quality of sound. It helps in distinguishing the
different sources of sound. For instance, a person’s voice and musical instruments may have the same
note but they are distinct in the sound they make. Another example is distinguishing instruments in the
same category, such as a guitar and violin, which are both string instruments.
Melody pertains to a series of notes together. This is the most memorable part of music. It is
the tune of a musical piece. For example, the tune one plays when asked to hum “Happy Birthday”.
Harmony is the sound of two or more notes heard at the same time. It is when sounds form a
cohesive whole. To illustrate, think of an orchestra: the violin is playing one note, the piano playing
another, and the clarinet playing a different one. Harmony is created when all those notes are heard
simultaneously.
This is also described as the accompanying sound to the melody.
Texture is the layers of musical sounds. It has three kinds: monophonic, homophonic, and
polyphonic. Monophonic pertains to a piece that has a single melody and has no harmony. For
example, vocal music that do not have accompanying instruments (a cappella), or instrumental music
that has only one instrument playing. Homophonic is the most common among the three because it
refers to a piece that has melody and harmony. For instance, a song that has vocals accompanied by
a guitar or an instrumental music using a violin and piano. Lastly, polyphonic refers to playing various
melodies at once. For example, a song that has three singers, with each singing different lyric, all of
which with of equal significance and emphasis.

Elements of Dance
There are 5 Elements of Dance, which can be remembered through their abbreviation, BASTE,
which stands for body, action, space, time, and energy.
Body refers to the what is being used to perform. This includes all parts, shapes and figures
made by the body, and their relationship with the other elements. When analyzing the body, one may
identify what body parts were used; Is it an individual part or the whole body? Or it may be a several
parts or a whole system (e.g. muscles, bones, and breathing). Another aspect to analyze is its shape,
whether it is symmetrical or asymmetrical, straight, rounded, or twisted.
Action pertains to the movements that the dancer performs, which includes the dance steps,
facial expressions, and gestures. It can either be part of the choreography or the dancer may improvise
or add additional movements to the routine. Action is divided into two: locomotor and non-locomotor
movements. Locomotor movements are actions wherein the body travels from one location to another

Students’ Performance Assessment Review and Evaluation

(S.P.A.R.E.)
FB Page: Tanauan National High School
michael.regis001@r8.deped.gov.ph/09218080136
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
DIVISION OF LEYTE

TANAUAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (303437)

Tanauan, Leyte
(e.g. walking, running, hopping), while non-locomotor movements do not cause the body to move to
another space (e.g. twist, bend, stretch).
Space is the relationship of the dancer to another dancer and the area where the dance occurs.
The space can be analyzed through the place where the dancer is, whether they are dancing on a spot
(personal space) or through the space (general space). It can also be described by the size of the
space being used (i.e. small, large, narrow, wide). Their proximity to other dancers or objects is also
considered (near or far), as well their positioning (e.g. in front, behind, beside).
Time is the rhythm, metered or free, in dance. This includes the timing of actions and patterns.
Time is divided into three kinds: clock time, sensed time, and event-sequence. Clock time is based on
units of seconds, minutes, and/or hours. Sensed time is moving based on others’ timing (e.g. waving
only after another dancer waves). And event-sequence is triggered by internal or external signals (e.g.
cheerleaders change cheers if the team is in offense or defense in sports).
Lastly, energy is how dance movements happen. This helps convey the emotion of the routine.
For example, a dance meant to be gentle is slow, whereas an exciting dance is usually fast and has
swift movements. Additionally, a routine can be described through the energy qualities, such as wild,
light, timid, smooth, tight, loose, etc.

Learning Competency
Evaluates contemporary art forms based on the elements and principles
CAR11/12CAP-0c-e-6

REFERENCES FOR LEARNERS

https://guronews.blogspot.com/2021/02/1st-to-4th-quarter-self-learning.html?m=1

Prepared by:
DON JHAY A. RIOS
SHS Teachers

Students’ Performance Assessment Review and Evaluation

(S.P.A.R.E.)
FB Page: Tanauan National High School
michael.regis001@r8.deped.gov.ph/09218080136