PREPARATION OF SOAP FROM MUSTARD OIL

A REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE

SUKUNA SECONDARY SCHOOL, SUNDARHARAINCHA-10,

MORANG

FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF

REQUIREMENT FOR THE SECONDARY LEVEL
EDUCATION, NEB (GRADE XII)
BY
SANTOSH KHANAL
FALGUN-2079
 LETTER OF APPROVAL
Date: 2079/11/22

The research report submitted by Santosh Khanal entitled PREPARATION OF

SOAP FROM MUSTARD OILis carried out by him. I approve this report for the
partial fulfilment of the requirements for National Education Board (NEB), Sanothimi,
Bhaktapur, Nepal.

Hari Bharati
Department of Chemistry
Sukuna Secondary School
Sundarharaincha-10
Morang

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It has been a great opportunity for me to work under the guidance of Mr. Hari Bharati,
Department of Chemistry, Sukuna Secondary School, Sundarharaincha-10, Morang, Nepal. I
express my sincere gratitude for his valuable suggestions, constructive criticisms and deep
sense of perfection which enabled me to complete this work.

I am highly obliged to Mr. Hari Bharati, Department of Chemistry for his continuous
cooperation and encouragement. I am equally thankful to Mr. Mani Raj Limbu (HOD), Mr.
Ramesh Khatiwada, Mr. Kishor Dahal and Mr. Jeewan Shrestha, Department of Science,
Sukuna Secondary School for valuable suggestions.

I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my colleagues who helped to complete the
present work.

Santosh Khanal
Falgun, 2079

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 ABSTRACT
The sole purpose of this work is to prepare soap from mustard oil. This work was conducted by a
group of students in which the soap produced was of good quality. After this work, everybody
learned how commercially soap is prepared. For preparing this project work, reference was
taken from various sources which are mentioned in references.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Letter of Approval i
Acknowledgements ii
Abstract iii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER 2: THEORY 1
CHAPTER 3: THEORY 1
CHAPTER 4: MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY 1
CHAPTER 5: RESULT2
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 2
REFERENCES 2

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 1. Introduction
Soap is one of the oldest cleaning agents used by humans for personal hygiene and cleaning
purposes. Soaps are made from natural oils and fats, which are saponified by an alkali such
as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. In this report, we will discuss the preparation
of soap from mustard oil. Mustard oil is a widely used oil in India and has several health
benefits. The research hypothesis for this study is that mustard oil can be used as a raw
material for the preparation of soap. The scope of this study is to investigate the soap-making
process from mustard oil and to evaluate the quality of the soap produced.

2. Objectives
The objectives of this study are as follows:
1. To prepare soap from mustard oil using the cold process method.
2. To evaluate the quality of the soap produced.

3. Theory
The process of making soap involves a chemical reaction called saponification. In this
process, an alkali is mixed with a fat or oil to produce soap and glycerin. Mustard oil
contains a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids, which makes it a suitable raw material
for soap making. The cold process method of soap making involves mixing an alkali with the
oil, followed by stirring and heating to initiate saponification. After saponification, the soap
is allowed to cure for several weeks to improve its quality.

4. MATERIALS AND Methodology

The following materials were used for the preparation of soap from mustard oil:
Apparatus used:
1. Beaker 2. Porcelain basin 3. Glass rod
Chemicals used:
1. Mustard oil
2. Sodium hydroxide
3. Distilled water
4. Ethanol
5. Saturated NaCl
The following steps were followed for the preparation of soap:

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 1. 500g of mustard oil was measured and poured it into a stainless-steel pot.
2. 8g of sodium hydroxide was dissolved and added to 30ml of distilled water. Stir the
mixture until the sodium hydroxide dissolves.
3. 20 ml of ethanol, 30 g of mustard oil was added into sodium hydroxide prepared in
the previous step.
4. The contents of the beaker were heated in water bath and occasionally stirred with
glass rod at a temperature 80℃ - 90℃ for about an hour.
5. 200Ml of saturated solution of sodium chloride was added. The soap got precipitated
when the mixture was cooled
6. The precipitate was filtered and washed with 50Ml of cold water.
7. The yield of the product was recorded.

5. Result
The soap produced was of good quality. The soap was hard and lathered well when used. The
colour of the soap was light yellow due to the color of the mustard oil used. The soap had a
Ph of around 9, which is within the range for handmade soap.

6. Conclusion
In conclusion, mustard oil can be used as a raw material for soap making using the cold
process method. The soap produced was of good quality. Mustard oil can be a good
alternative to other oils used in soap making and can provide a unique colour to the soap.
Further studies can be conducted to optimize the soap-making process using mustard oil and
to evaluate its performance in different applications.

REFERENCE
 https://www.iamcountryside.com/soapmaking/soap-making-oil-chart/
 https://soapypedia.wordpress.com/tag/soap-making/
 https://byjus.com/question-answer/a-explain-the-process-of-preparation-of-soap-in-
the-laboratory-b-why-is-common/
 https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Laboratory_Experiments/
Wet_Lab_Experiments/General_Chemistry_Labs/Online_Chemistry_Lab_Manual/
Chem_9_Experiments/12%3A_Making_Soap_-_Saponification_(Experiment)
 https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Chem_p096/
chemistry/how-to-make-soap

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