Johor SULTANibrahimJB MathsT P3 2014 QA

Revision – Set 2
Section A [45 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.

1. A intelligence test was taken by 115 candidates. For each candidate the time taken to complete the
test was recorded, and the times were summarized in a histogram as below.

Frequency
density
(candidates
per minutes)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 time
(minutes)

(a) Write down the frequency for each of the class intervals. [2]
(b) Calculate estimates of the mean and standard deviation of the time taken to complete the test.
[3]
(c) Calculate the range of the time taken to complete the test by the middle 60% of the candidates.
[4]

2. The positions of nine trees which are to be planted along the sides of a road, five on the north
side and four on the south side, are shown in the figure.

(a) Find the number of ways in which this can be done if the trees are all of different species. [1]
(b) If the trees in (a) are planted in random, find the probability that two particular trees are next
to each other on the same side of the road. [2]
(c) If there are three cupressus trees, four prunus trees and two magnolias trees, find the number
of different ways in which these trees could be planted assuming that trees of the same species
are identical. [2]
(d) If the trees in (c) are planted in random, find the probability that two magnolias trees are on
the opposite sides of the road. [2]

3. Candidates of a Mathematics examination have to sit for paper 1, paper 2 and paper 3 tests.
Each paper consists of 40 true or false questions. Find the probability that a candidate correctly
answers more than 18 questions in at least two papers if he guesses all the answers randomly. [8]

4. A random sample 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , …,𝑋10 , with a sample mean X, is chosen from a population with a
normal distribution, find the variance of the population if 98% symmetric confidence interval for the
mean of the population is (𝑥̅ – 2.94, 𝑥̅ + 2.94). What confidence level would corresponding to the
confidence interval of (𝑥̅ – 2, 𝑥̅ + 2). [7]
1
5. The masses of components produced at a particular workshop are normally distributed with
standard deviation 0.8 g. It is claimed that the mean mass is 6 g. To test this claim the mean mass of a
random sample of 50 components is calculated and a hypothesis test at 5% level of significance
carried out. On the basis of the test, the claim is accepted. Between what values did the mean mass of
the 50 components in the sample lies? [5]

6. The following data give the heights in centimetres of 100 male students.
Height (cm) Number of students
155 − 160 5
161 – 166 17
167 − 172 38
173 − 178 25
179 − 184 9
185 − 190 6
Test, at 5% level of significance, whether the data follow a normal distribution with mean 173.5
cm and standard deviation 7 cm. [9]

Section B [15 marks]

Answer any one question in this section
7. Each batch of a chemical used in drug manufacturer is tested for impurities. The percentage of
impurity is X, where X is a random variable with probability density function given by
𝑘𝑥, 0<𝑥≤1
1
f(x) = { 𝑘(4 − 𝑥 ), 1 < 𝑥 ≤ 4
3
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒

where k is a constant.
1
(a) Sketch the graph of f(x). Hence, show that k = 2. [3]
(b) Determine, for all x, the cumulative distribution function. [4]

In order to purify the chemical it is subjected to one of four possible purification processes, the
percentage impurity in the batch determining the actual process used. The process used and its cost,
for each level of percentage impurity, is shown in the table.
Percentage Impurity x Process used Batch cost (RM)
0<x≤1 A 200
1<x≤2 B 250
2<x≤3 C 350
3<x≤4 D 500
(c) Determine the expected cost per batch of removing the impurities. [4]
(d) Determine the probability that for 15 batches of chemical selected at random, there are at most
2 batches where the percentage impurity is within 0.8 and 1.5. [4]

8. (a) The events A and B are independent events. Show also that A and B are independent events.
[3]
(b) Over a long period of time it has been found that in Enrico’s restaurant the ratio of
non;vegetarian to vegetarian meals ordered is 3 to 1.
During one particular day at Enrico’s restaurant, a random sample of 18 people contained two
who ordered a vegetarian meal.
(i) Carry out a hypothesis test to determine whether or not the proportion of vegetarian meals
ordered that day is lower than usual, at 10% significance level. [6]
In Manuel’s restaurant, of a random sample of 100 people ordering meals, 31 ordered vegetarian
meals.
(ii) Test whether or not the proportion of people eating vegetarian meals at Manuel’s
restaurant is different from that at Enrico’s restaurant, at a 5% level of significance. [6]

2
Johor SULTANibrahimJB MathsT P3 2014 QA
MARKING SCHEME

1(a) Time (minutes) 0−1 1−2 2−3 3−5 5 − 10 1

Number of candidates 10 15 25 40 25 1

(b) 437.5 1
mean = = 3.804
115

2238.75 437.5 2
standard deviation = √ − ( 115 ) 1
115
= 2.235 1

(c) 23−10 1
𝑃20 = 1 + ( ) (1)
15
= 1.867 1
92−90
𝑃80 = 5 + ( ) (5)
25
= 5.4 1

(1.867, 5.4) 1

2(a) 9! = 362880 1
(b) 7! × 7 × 2
9! 1
7
=36 1

(c) 9! 1
3! 4! 2! 1
= 1260
(b) 7!×5×4×2 1
9!
5
=9 1

3 X = number of correct answer per paper.

X ~ B(40, 0.5) 1
X ~ N(20, 10) 1

P(X > 18) → P(X > 18.5) 1

18.5−20
= P(Z > ) 1
√10
= P(Z > −0.4743)
= 0.68237 1

Y = number of papers that the correct answers more than 18 questions.

Y ~ B(3, 0.68237) 1

P(Y ≥ 2) = 3𝐶2 (0.68237)2 (0.31763)1 + (0.68237)3 1

= 0.4437 + 0.3177
= 0.7614 1

3
 𝜎 2
4 𝑋̅~N(𝜇, 10 )
𝛼 = 0.02
𝛼
= 0.01
2
𝑍𝛼 = 2.326 1
2
𝜎 𝜎
98% confidence interval = (𝑥̅ − 2.326 × 10 , 𝑥̅ + 2.326 × 10) = (𝑥̅ – 2.94, 𝑥̅ + 2.94)
√ √
𝜎
2.326 × = 2.94 1
√10
2.94×√10
𝜎 = 2.326 = 3.9970
𝜎 2 = 15.9763 1
100(1− 𝛼)% confidence interval
3.9970 3.9970
= (𝑥̅ − 𝑍𝛼 × 10 , 𝑥̅ + 𝑍𝛼 × 10 ) = (𝑥̅ – 2, 𝑥̅ + 2)
2 √ 2 √

3.9970
𝑍𝛼 × =2 1
2 √10
𝑍 = 1.582
𝛼 1
2
𝛼
= 1 − 0.9431 =0.0569 1
2
𝛼 = 0.1138
1 – 𝛼 = 0.8862
Confidence level = 88.62% 1

5 𝐻𝑜 : 𝜇 = 6 g
𝐻1 : 𝜇 ≠ 6 g 1

0.8 2
𝑋̅~N(𝜇, 50 )
𝛼 = 0.05
𝛼
= 0.025
2
𝑍𝛼 = 1.960 1
2

𝑥̅ −6
− 1.960 < 8 < 1.960
√50 1
0.8 0.8
6 − 1.960 × < 𝑥̅ < 6 + 1.960 × 1
√50 √50
5.7783 < 𝑥̅ < 6.2217

The mean mass of the 50 components in the sample lie in (5.7783, 6.2217) 1

6 𝐻0 : The heights male students follows a normal distribution X~N(173.5, 72 )

𝐻1 : The heights male students does not follow a normal distribution X~N(173.5, 72 ) 1
72
𝑋̅~N(173.5, ) 100

Height (cm) 𝑥−173.5 P(𝑧1 < z ≤ 𝑧2 ) 𝐸𝑖 = 100P

Z= 7
13 13
160.5 − 7 P(Z ≤ − ) = 0.0317 3.17
7
166.5 −1 13 12.70
P(− < 𝑍 ≤ −1) = 0.1270
7

4
 172.5 1 1 28.45
−7 P(−1 < 𝑍 ≤ − 7) = 0.2845
178.5 5 1
P(− 7 < 𝑍 ≤ 7) = 0.3193
5 31.93
7
184.5 11 5
P(7 < 𝑍 ≤
11
) = 0.1795 17.95
7
7 1+1
190.5 17 P(𝑍 >
11
) = 0.0580 5.80
7
7

𝑂𝑖 𝐸𝑖 (𝑂𝑖 − 𝐸𝑖 )2
𝐸𝑖
22 15.87 2.3678
38 28.45 3.2057
25 31.93 1.5041
9 17.95 4.4625
6 5.80 0.0069 1
100 100 11.547
1
𝜒 2 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐. = 11.547

𝛼 = 0.05 1
𝜈=5–1=4
𝜒 2 5% (4) = 9.488
1
2
Critical region : Reject 𝐻0 if 𝜒 > 9.488

∵ 𝜒 2 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐. = 11.547 (> 9.488) lies in the critical region. 1

There is sufficient evidence to reject 𝐻0 . 1
∴ The heights male students does not follow a normal distribution X~N(173.5, 72 )

7(a) f(x)

k 1

0 1 4 x
1 1
Area = 2 (4)k = 1
1
k=2 1
𝑥
(b) For x ≤ 0, F(x) = ∫−∞ 0 𝑑𝑡 = 0

𝑥1
For 0 < x ≤ 1, F(x) = F(0) + ∫0 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
2
𝑥
𝑡2
= 0 + [4]
0
𝑥2
= 1
4

𝑥1
For 1 < x ≤ 4, F(x) = F(1) + ∫1 6 (4 − 𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
𝑥
12 1 𝑡2
= 4
+ 6 [4𝑡 − 2 ]
1
1 1 𝑥2 1
= 4 + 6 [4𝑥 − − 4 + 2]
2

5
 2 𝑥2 1
= 3 𝑥 − 12 − 3
1

∞
7(b) For x > 1, F(x) = F(4) + ∫4 0 𝑑𝑡

2 42 1
= 3 (4) − 12 − 3 + 0
=1 1

0, 𝑥 ≤0
𝑥2
, 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 1
4
F(x) = 2 𝑥2 1
𝑥 − 12 − 3 , 1 < 𝑥 ≤ 4
3
{ 1, 𝑥>4
1

(c) Process A : P(0 < 𝑥 ≤ 1) = F(1)

12 1
= =4
4

Process B : P(1 < 𝑥 ≤ 2) = F(2) – F(1)

2 22 1 1
= (3 (2) − 12 − 3) − 4
2 1
=3−4
5
= 12

Process C : P(2 < 𝑥 ≤ 3) = F(3) – F(2)

2 32 1 2
= (3 (3) − 12 − 3) − 3
11 2
= 12 − 3
1
=4

Process D : P(3 < 𝑥 ≤ 4) = F(4) – F(3)

2 42 1 11
= (3 (4) − 12 − 3) − 12
11 1+1
= 1 − 12
1
=
12

Batch cost (RM) 200 250 350 500

Probability 1 5 1 1
1
4 12 4 12
1 5 1 1 1
E(X) = 200(4) + 250(12) + 300(4) + 500(12)
850
= = RM 283.33
3

6
(d) P(0.8 < X < 1.5) = F(1.5) – F(0.8)
2 1.52 1 0.82
= (3 (1.5) − − 3) −
12 4
= 0.3192 1
Y ~ B(15, 0.3192) 1
P(Y ≤ 2) = (0.6808)15 + 15𝐶1 (0.3192)1 (0.6808)14 + 15
𝐶2 (0.3192)2 (0.6808)13 1
= 0.09733 1

8 𝑃(𝐴ʹ ∩ 𝐵ʹ) = 1 – P(A ∪ 𝐵)

(a)  1  P A  PB  P A  B 1
 1  P A  PB  P APB 1
 1  P A  PB1  P A
 1  P A1  PB
= 𝑃(𝐴ʹ) × 𝑃(𝐵ʹ) 1
This implies that 𝐴ʹ and 𝐵ʹ are independent events.

(b) 𝐻𝑜 : p = 0.25
(i) 𝐻1 : p < 0.25 1

X = number of people who ordered vegetarian meal.

X ~ B(18, 0.25) 1
np = 18 (0.25) = 4.5 (< 5)
nq = 18 (0.75) = 13.5

𝛼 = 0.1
2
P(X ≤ 2) = 
x 0
C x (0.25) x (0.75)18 x = 0.1353 (> 0.1)
18

1
P(X ≤ 1) = 
x 0
C x (0.25) x (0.75)18 x = 0.0395 (< 0.1)
18 1

Critical region : reject 𝐻𝑜 if X ≤ 1 1

∵ X = 2 (> 1) does not lie in the critical region. 1
There is insufficient evidence to reject 𝐻𝑜 .
∴The proportion of vegetarian meals ordered that day is not lower than usual, at 10% 1
significance level.

7
(b) 𝐻𝑜 : p = 0.25
(ii) 𝐻1 : p ≠ 0.25 1
Y = number of people who ordered vegetarian meal.
Y ~ B(100, 0.25)
np = 100 (0.25) = 25 (> 5)
nq = 100 (0.75) = 75 (> 5)

By Central Limit Theorem:

0.25(0.75)
𝑌̅ ~ N(0.25, 100 )
𝛼 = 0.05
𝛼
= 0.025
2
𝑍𝛼 = 1.960
2

1
Critical region : reject 𝐻𝑜 if Z < −1.960, Z > 1.960.

0.31−0.25
Test statistic : 𝑍 = = 1.3856 1+1
0.25(0.75)
√
100

∵ Z = 1.3856 (−1.960 < Z < 1.960) does not lie in the critical region. 1
There is insufficient evidence to reject 𝐻𝑜 .
∴ The proportion of people eating vegetarian meals at Manuel’s restaurant is no
different from that at Enrico’s restaurant, at a 5% level of significance. 1