NEET

Topic: Newtons Law of Motion

IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
AND FORMULAS
Satish Sir
 NEET

LECTURE NO. 07
Newtons Law of Motion

Satish Sir
REVISION OF IMPORTANT CONCEPT
AND QUESTIONS IN ONE SHOT WITH
#SMOSM
Variable Mass System
Given below are common problems based on a variable mass system
(a) A machine gun fires n bullets per second with speed v and mass of each bullet is m.
Force required on gun to keep it stationary
F = nmv

(b) The bullets hit a wall and

(i) Come to rest in wall Force on wall

Fwall = nmv

(ii) Rebound elastically

Fwall = 2nmv
 Variable Mass System
(c) A liquid jet of area A hits a wall with a speed v

(i) Force required to move the liquid with this speed

dp vdm
F= = = v × Av = Av 2
dt dt

(ii) Power delivered

P= F.v = Av3  P  v3

(iii) Jet hits a vertical wall and does not rebound. The force exerted on the wall is given
by,
Fwall = Av2
Variable Mass System

(c) A liquid jet of area A hits a wall with a speed v

(iv) Water rebounds elastically

Fwall = 2Av2

(v) along the normal shown by dotted line

Fwall = 2Av2 cos ,

Pseudo Force:
FBD of M w.r.t ground

F = Ma 
a =F/M

FBD of m w.r.t. M
FBD of m w.r.t ground
F = ma (Pseudo force)
 IMPORTANT QUESTION:
F1, F2 are contact forces between M1, M2 and M2, M3 respectively in the figure shown below.

𝐹
a=
𝑀1 +𝑀2 _𝑀3

𝑀3
F2 = M3a = F2 = F,
𝑀1 +𝑀2 +𝑀3
FBD of M2 and M3

𝑀2 +𝑀3
F1 = (M2 + M3)a = F1 = F
𝑀1 +𝑀2 +𝑀3
(3) Tension in the block at a distance ‘x’ from left end is given by

Fx
Tx =
L

𝐹 (L−x)
(4) Tx =
L
 F1 x F2 (L−x)
(5) Tx = +
L L

F1 −F2
a=
M

(6) The string shown in the figure is massless.

F (M2 +M3 ) F M3 F
a= , T1 = , T2 =
M1 +M2 +M3 M1 +M2 +M3 M1 +M2 +M3
(a) When system is stationary

T = Mg

(b) System moves up with acceleration 'a’

T= Mg + Ma

(c) System moves down with acceleration 'a’

T = Mg – Ma
Uniform rope of mass Ms.

(a) Stationary system

Ms gx
Tx =
L
(b) Accelerating upwards
Ms x
Tx = (g + a)
L
(c) Accelerating downwards
Ms x
Tx = (g – a)
L
(d) For freely falling system, tension is zero.
A block suspended from a light rope, is held at the position shown by apply a
horizontal force F

T sin  = F …… (i)
T cos  = mg …… (ii)

F
tan  = …… (iii)
mg

T = F 2 + m2 g 2

Note: If rope falls freely, T = 0 everywhere

Important Problems

(1) Pulley mass systems

(a) Stationary pulley

M2 −M1
a= g
M2 +M1

M1 M2
T=2 g
M1 +M2
Important Problems

(1) Pulley mass systems

(a) Accelerating pulley

M2 −M1
a= g
M2 +M1

M1 M2
T=2 g
M1 +M2
Important Problems

M 1 M2 g
(b) T = (sin  + sin )
M1 +M2

𝑀2 sin +𝑀1 sin 

a= g
𝑀2 +𝑀1
 Important Problems
Stationary pulley

mg – T = ma …… (i)
T = Ma …… (ii)

mg
a=
M+m

mM
T= g
M+m

Note: If the table is smooth as in this case, any possible value of m will be able to
accelerate M.
Important Problems
mg
(d) The force F needed to lift the block is
2
Important Problems
Two block System

Case-I:
When ‘m’ does not slide down relative to wedge ‘M’

F = (M + mg)g tan 

a = g tan  in horizontal direction w.r.t. ground

Contact force R m and M is

Mg
R=
cos 
Important Problems
Case-II:
Minimum value of F so that ‘m’ falls freely

F = Mg cot 

Wedge M moves with acceleration = g cot 

Important Problems
Minimum force required to move a body on a rough horizontal surface

F cos   R

mg
F
cos  +  sin 

mg
Fmin =  = tan–1 ()
1+2

Note: If a horizontal force is to be applied, then

Fmin = mg
Important Problems
Minimum angle at which a pushing force should be applied so that it can move a
body
mg
F
sin − cos 

Now sin  –  cos  > 0

 < tan 
or  > tan–1 

i.e., θ must be greater than angle of friction.

Important Problems

Angle of Repose : It is the maximum inclination of a rough inclined plane at which a

block placed on it is in a state of limiting equilibrium. α = tan−1 (μ)

Let a body of mass m is kept on a rough inclined plane with inclination θ.

(i) When tanθ < μ;

body remains stationary
force of friction is f = mgsin θ.

(ii) When tanθ > μ;

body slides down
force of friction is f = μmgcos θ.
 Important Problems

if 𝐹 ≤ 𝜇 𝑀1 + 𝑀2 𝑔

𝐹
both blocks move together with same acceleration 𝑎=
𝑀1 +𝑀2

𝑎max = 𝜇𝑔

In this case, the force of friction of 𝑚2 is 𝑚2 𝑎. (static)

Important Problems 𝑭 > 𝝁 𝑴 𝟏 + 𝑴𝟐 𝒈

Sliding between 𝑀1 and 𝑀2 starts.

𝑀2 moves with constant acceleration

𝑎2 = 𝜇𝑔

𝑀1 moves with acceleration

𝐹−𝜇𝑀2 𝑔
𝑎1 =
𝑀1

In this case, the force of friction acting or 𝑀2 is

𝑓 = 𝜇𝑀2 𝑔 (kinetic)