CRI 161: Intro.

to Philippine CJS
Module # 17 Teacher’s Guide

Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Lesson Title: Institutional and Non-Institutional Corrections Materials: Ballpen, Paper,

Notebook & SAS
Learning Targets:
Reference: Guerrero, Brian B.
At the end of the module, students will be able to: Institutional Corrections : the
institutional-based corrections in
1. Identify whether the establishment presented is institutional or non- the Philippines. Quezon City :
institutional corrections; Wiseman’s Books Trading, Inc.
2. Familiarize the different penal institutions in the Philippines.

Textbook: Abalde, F.A. and Caño,

G.J. (2019). Introduction to
Philippine Criminal Justice System.
Rex Book Store Inc.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction (2 mins)
How’s your day! I hope you’re still doing good! Today our topic is quite
interesting since we will be talking about “The Institutional and Non-
Institutional Corrections.”
Penology and or the corrections component of our criminal justice system
has something to do with imprisonment. After an accused has been decided
guilty by the judge, he will then serve his sentence either in the prison
(institutional corrections) or he will be serving his sentence outside the prison
(non-institutional corrections or community-based corrections) depending upon
the gravity of the offense. Interesting, isn’t it? Alright, let’s begin and learn!

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module # 17 Teacher’s Guide

Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

B. MAIN LESSON

TWO APPROACHES OF CORRECTION IN THE PHILIPPINES

The Philippine prison system adopted two approaches for treatment of offenders. These
are the institutional- based treatment program and the community-based treatment
programs.

What is Institutional- Based Corrections?

Refers to the means of correcting an individual by placing

him in a prison/jail for his treatment until he is ready for his
reintegration into the community. In this approach the individual
is placed in a prison or jail, which means they are housed in a
secure correctional facility.

A “jail” is defined as a place of confinement for inmates

under investigation or undergoing trial, or serving short-term
sentences.

Jails include provincial, district, city and municipal jails managed and supervised by the
Provincial Government and the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP),
respectively, which are both under the Department of the Interior and Local Government.
Municipal and city prisoners are committed to municipal, city or district jails managed by the
BJMP. A district jail is a cluster of small jails, each having a monthly average population of ten
or less inmates, and is located in the vicinity of the court. When the imposable penalty for the
crime committed is more than six months and the same was committed within the municipality,
the offender must serve his or her sentence in the provincial jail which is under the Office of
the Governor. “Prison” refers to the national prisons or penitentiaries managed and
supervised by the Bureau of Corrections, an agency under the Department of Justice.
When the penalty imposed exceeds three years, the offender shall serve his or her sentence in
the penal institutions of the BuCor.

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module # 17 Teacher’s Guide

Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

7 CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES UNDER THE BUCOR

1. The New Bilibid Prison (NBP) is one of seven major facilities handled by the Bureau
of Corrections (BuCor), an agency under the Department of Justice located in
Muntinlupa City.
The New Bilibid Prison in Muntinlupa, Metro Manila is the main insular penitentiary designed to
house the prison population of the Philippines.
2. The Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm is located at Barangay Iwahig, Palawan.
The Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm in the Philippines is one of the world’s largest open-air jails.
Instead of concrete walls, the prison is surrounded by a wire fence. A single guard at the entrance
gate greets tourists and criminals’ relatives without inspecting them. It is known as the “prison
without walls.”
3. The Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm is situated in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines
It was established in Occidental Mindoro under Proclamation No. 72. Sub-colony: Central,
Pasugol, Pusog, Yapang.
4. The San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm is situated in Zamboanga City, Philippines.
It was established (founded by Captain Ramon Blanco of the Spanish Royal Army) in Zamboanga
City to confine Muslim rebels and recalcitrant political prisoners opposed to the Spanish rule. It
was originally set on 1,414-hectare sprawling estate. On January 1, 1915, it was placed under the
auspices of the Bureau of Prisons and started receiving prisoners from Mindanao.
5. The Davao Prison and Penal Farm located in Santo Tomas, Davao del Norte.
It was opened under Act No. 3732. Founded by Gen. Paulino Santos. Mostly devoted to abaca
and banana plantation. In 1942, it was used as a concentration camp for American Prisoners of
War. (Subcolony: Kapalong and Panabo)
6. The Correctional Institution for Women (CIW) main branch is located in
Mandaluyong City and its satellite camp (CIW Mindanao), located at Juan Acenas Sub-Colony,
in Sto. Tomas, Davao del Norte.
It was created under Act No. 3579 to provide separate facilities for women offenders.
7. The Leyte Regional Prison located in Abuyog, Leyte.
It was established under Proclamation No. 1101.

What is Non-Institutional Corrections?

It is also known as community-based corrections, numerous programs are utilized in order to

place offenders into the community to serve their sentences. It focuses on correctional programs
of rehabilitation, to the exclusion of punishment, deterrence, and incapacitation of criminal
offenders. Programs such as diversion, restitution, probation, parole, pardon, and various
provisions for temporary release from prison or jail are included in the Community Based
Corrections being implemented by the corrections pillar of our criminal justice system.in

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module # 17 Teacher’s Guide

Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Skill-Building Activity: This is a self-assessment; you have to answer the

question honestly. After that check your answers against the Answer Key found
at the end of this SAS.

In this activity, you need to identify whether the following terms – government
agency, subdivision/s and/or programs fall either institutional–based or non–institutional – based
corrections. Just answer IB if you think it falls under institutional–based corrections or NIB if you think it
falls under non–institutional based corrections. Write your answer on the space provided.

TERMS: ANSWER:
1. Academic Pass
2. Bureau of Corrections
3. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
4. Department of Social Welfare and
Development
5. Home Furlough
6. Pardon
7. Parole
8. Probation
9. Provincial Jail
10. Work Release

Check for Understanding

This is a self-assessment; you have to answer these questions honestly. After that
check your answers against the Answer Key found at the end of this SAS.
Answer the following 10 items Multiple Choice Questions and encircle the letter of your choice. ( 10
points)

1. What prison is located in Abuyog, Leyte?

A. CIW
B. NBP
C. Iwahig Prison
D. None of the above
2. It is known as the “prison without walls.”
a. CIW c. Iwahig Prison
b. NBP d. None of the above
3. It refers to a place of confinement for inmates under investigation or undergoing trial, or serving
short-term sentences.
a. Corrections b. Jail

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module # 17 Teacher’s Guide

Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

c. Prisons d. Cells
4. The following are examples of non-institutional corrections EXCEPT:
a. Parole c. Diversion Program
b. Probation d. City Jail
5. What prison is situated in Mandaluyong City?
a. CIW c. Iwahig Prison
b. NBP d. None of the above

6. Who is the founder of San Ramon Penal Farm?

a. Capt. Ramon Blanco
b. Capt. Paulino Santos
c. Gov. Luke Wright
d. All of the above
7. It is the main insular penitentiary designed to house the prison population of the Philippines.
a. CIW c. Iwahig Prison
b. NBP d. None of the above

8. What prison is situated in Zamboanga?

a. Davao Penal Colony c. San Ramon Penal Farm
b. Sablayan Penal Colony d. Old Bilibid Prison
9. It was used as a concentration camp for American Prisoners of War.
a. Davao Penal Colony c. San Ramon Penal Farm
b. Sablayan Penal Colony d. Old Bilibid Prison
10. Refers to the national prisons or penitentiaries managed and supervised by the Bureau of
Corrections

a. Corrections c. Prison
b. Jail d. Penology

C.LESSON WRAP-UP

1. Q1. What is the advantage of community-based correction compared to institutional based

correction?
Answer: Community-based alternatives to prison claim to be more effective in reducing recidivism than
are traditional prisons, to be cheaper than prisons, and to reduce overcrowding in prisons and jails.

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 CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module # 17 Teacher’s Guide

Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Date:_______________

Thinking About Learning

Work Tracker
You are done with this session! Let’s track your progress. Shade the
session number you just completed today and that is Day 17 under P3.

ANSWER KEY:
SUGGESTED ANSWER ON SKILL-BUILDING ACTIVITY
1. NIB
2. IB
3. IB
4. IB
5. NIB
6. NIB
7. NIB
8. NIB
9. IB
10. NIB

SUGGESTED ANSWER ON CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING

1. D
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. C

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