CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 Introduction
This chapter discusses the methods that will use in this study and provides a general
framework for this research. The chapter presents research design, target population, sample
and sampling procedures, research instruments, validity and reliability of instruments, data
collection, data analysis, limitation of the study and ethical considerations

3.1 Research Design

The researcher will use descriptive research design to identify the impact of Infrastructure
development on economic growth in Garowe, Puntland Somalia. Descriptive research is
therefore adopted of this study which requires the collection of quantitative research
information from the sample data.

3.2 Research Population

According to Bryman (2003) a population refers to any group of institutions, people or
objects that have common characteristics. The target population for this study involved the
staff in Puntland Highway Authority (PHA) in Garowe Puntland Somalia. This institution
will investigate for the purpose of this study. The target population will be 45, which is
comprised of Administrators, Employees, and communities. The reason for selecting these
categories of respondents is due to the fact that the researcher expects them to have a good
understanding of the affairs on Infrastructure development and economic growth.

3.3 Sample Size

A total of 40 respondents will be selected using the slovens formula to determine sample size.
The below shows the respondents of the study with the following categories.
n= N
1+N(e)
N= Population Size
n= Sample size
n= 45 e= Margin of error

1+45(0.05)
2

n= 45
1+45(0.0025)
n= 40 respondents

Table 1 Respondents of the study

Categories Target Sample size Sampling method

population
Administrators 5 4 Stratified
Employees 15 13 Stratified
Communities 25 23 Stratified
Total 45 40

3.4 Sampling procedure

Stratified sampling technique was used to select the respondents to be included in the sample.
Stratified sampling was used to make sure that the target population is divided into different
homogenous strata and that each stratum is represented in the sample in a proportion
equivalent to its size in the accessible population.
The study was used stratified sampling which is proportionate to stratum size to
reach as the sample of each strata using a fraction 45/40 * population of each stratum Amin,
(2005).
3.5 research instrument
The research will use questionnaire for collecting data in this research. The rational for
choose questionnaire will guide by the nature of data to be gather, the time available, as well
as the objectives of this research; in addition to that. Questionnaire is a set or written
questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purpose of a survey or statistical study.
The research questionnaire will comprise closed questions only and will adopt from study
(Mohmood M. Hajatt, 2002). A questionnaire of five point from strongly agree (1), agree (2),
neutral (3), disagree (4), strongly disagree (5) will adopt to identify variables of
questionnaire.

3.6 Validity and Reliability of the study

In this research validity of the respondent’s instruments questionnaire was established
through a content validity index CVI by given the instrument to expert in his/her field and
they judge whether the instrument is valid or not.
The researcher was computed the content validity from experts’ judgments by using content
validity index formula CVI = Number of questions declared valid Total number of questions
The test-retest technique was used to determine the reliability (accuracy) of the researcher
devised instruments to eight qualified respondents, four from ministry of health and four from
ministry of hospitals. These respondents were not being included in the actual study. In this
test- retest technique, the questionnaires will administer twice to the same subjects.
3.7 Date gathering producers
The data collected will be edited to ensure that all returned questionnaires will completely be
filled
During this phase, the researcher will request the respondents of the questionnaire to respond
questions fairly and not to leave unanswered questions. The questionnaire will translate from
English into the local language (Somali) for the respondents to understand. Each division
manager will send an envelope containing the following items: a cover letter explaining the
nature of the study and requesting him/her the cooperation, a copy of the appropriate
questionnaires, and a self-addressed, stamped envelope for returning the questionnaire. After
the data collected, it will organize, collated, summarized, statistically treated and drafted in
tables using the Statistical Package for Service solutions -(SPSS) version.

3.8 Data analysis

The data will be collected from the study area and then manually enter, coded, edited and
analyze by using a computer soft known as statistical package for social scientists (SPSS).

3.9 Ethical considerations

To carry out this study wholly as planned,
 The researcher will use of both personal and institutional data, therefore, the data
gathered will keep confidential and the information collected for these company will
only be used for an academic purpose.
 The researcher requires permission of the respondents who participated in the
research for their consent in the intended study as such the researcher did not lie to
subjects and record findings on hidden mechanical devices.
 The researcher will made sure the researcher personal bias and opinions did not
override other interests of the research and gave both sides fair consideration.
  The findings were confidential; the condition of anonymity will be assured to avoid
embarrassing and harming respondents.
 In this section, the results of regression analysis were presented. The approach
examined the impact of road infrastructure on economic growth by expressing it as a
function of government expenditure. The aim of this approach will be to examine the
effect of the independent variables on economic growth.
3.10 Limitations of the study