CHAPTER 1

REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Seed leaves are called Cotyledons.

2. Cotyledons store food for the baby plant.

3. Jowar and Bajra grow well in sandy soil.

4. Urea and nitrates are chemical fertilizers.

5. The seeds of fleshy fruits are dispersed by animals.

6. The conditions essential for germination are water, warmth, and air.

7. The anther has yellow powder like structure called pollen grains.

8. Carpel is the female part of a flower located at its centre.

9. Bryophyllum plant reproduces through leaves.

10. Peas, beans and violets use the Explosion method of seed dispersal.

TRUEORFALSE

1. Plants depend only on wind for pollination. FALSE

2. Seeds dispersed by water have a covering that keeps them dry. TRUE

3. Seeds may attach to animals that pass by the plant and get dispersed. TRUE

4. Seeds of rice and wheat have one cotyledon. TRUE

5. The shoot remains below the ground. FALSE

6. Mustard is a Rabi crop. TRUE

7. Rice grows well in sandy soil. FALSE

8. Jack pine gives off its seeds when it senses high temperature. TRUE

9. Cotton grows well in black soil. TRUE

10. When pollination is successful, the pollen fuses with the ovule or egg and becomes a seed. TRUE
GIVE 2 EXAMPLES

1. Seeds dispersed by wind

A. Cotton, Maple, Dandelion

2. Seeds dispersed by explosion

A. Peas, Beans, Violets

3. Seeds dispersed by water

A. Coconut, Water lily, Lotus

4. Seeds dispersed by animals

A. Figs, Tomatoes, Strawberries, oranges

5. Plants that reproduce through stem

A. Potato, Sugarcane, Rose

6. Plants that reproduce through roots

A. Dahlia, Sweet potato

7. Summer or Kharif crops

A. Paddy (rice), Maize, Soyabean

8. Winter or Rabi crops

A. Wheat, gram, pea

9. Dicotyledons

A. Grams, beans, peas

10. Monocotyledons

A. Wheat, rice, maize

NAME THE FOLLOWING

1.The green leaf-like structures at the base of a flower -

A. Sepals

2. The yellow powder-like substance that the anther has -

A. Pollen grains

3. The fusion of pollen with the ovule -

A. Fertilisation

4. The baby plant inside the seed -

A. Embryo

5. Successive planting of different crops on the same land.-

A. Crop rotation

DEFINE

1. POLLINATION : The transfer of pollen grains from the male part of a flower to the female part is called
Pollination.

2. DISPERSAL OF SEEDS : The process by which the seeds are scattered away from their parent plant is
called dispersal of seeds.

3. GERMINATION : The process by which a seed becomes a seedling or a young plant is called
Germination.

4. VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION : Vegetative reproduction is the development of new plants from

their stems, leaves or roots.

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

Q1. What are the different ways in which plants can reproduce ?

Ans. There are 3 ways in which a plant can reproduce :

(i) Reproduction through seeds

(ii)Reproduction through different plant parts.

(iii)Reproduction through spores

Q2.Explain the process of pollination.

Ans. As plants can not move, they mainly depend on wind or insects to carry out pollination

 The pollinator receives pollen from stamen of the first flower.

 And deposits it on the stigma of the next flower
 The pollen moves down the style to combine with the ovules in the ovary.

Q3.Explain the parts of a flower. Draw a well labelled diagram to show the parts of a flower.
(pg.5)

Ans. The various parts of a flower are :

i) Sepals : These are green leaf-like structures at the base of a flower. They protect the
flower when it is a bud.
ii) Petals : These are the brightly coloured parts of a flower. They attract insects.
iii) Stamen : It is the male part of a flower. It is made up of filament and anther. The anther
has yellow powder-like substance called pollen grain.
 iv) Carpel : It is the female part of a flower. It is located at the centre of a flower. It consists
of the stigma, style and ovary.

Q4. Write the characteristic of seeds dispersed by wind ?

Ans. The characteristic of seeds which are dispersed by wind are

(i) The seeds are usually small, flat, dry and light weight.
(ii) Some seeds have fine hair .

Q5. What are the conditions necessary for germination ?

Ans. The conditions necessary for germination are water, warmth and air.

Q6. Explain the different ways plants reproduce from their body parts.

Ans. (i)Reproduction through stem :

The stem of many plants can develop roots and grow into adult plants.

Eg: Potato, Sugarcane

(ii)Reproduction through roots :

In some plants, roots appear when kept in water. These roots develop into shoots and become new
plants.

Eg: Dahlia, Sweet potato

(iii)Reproduction through leaves :

The Bryophyllum plant can grow many new plants from its leaves

Q7.How can farmers get a healthy crop?

Ans. Farmers can get healthy crops

(i) By using healthy seeds of best variety

(ii) By protecting the crops from weeds and pests
(iii) By storing the harvested crop properly.

GIVE REASONS

1.Dispersal of seed is essential

A) Dispersal of seed is essential

- to maintain the variety of plants in different places.

- to get proper amount of nutrients, water and sun light.

2) A seed kept in the refrigerator does not germinate.

A) Because germination of seed requires warmth.