BOMB

THREAT
B S N U R S I N G 1 - B
BOMB THREAT
An information or warning
claiming knowledge that a
dangerous device, such as a
bomb or similar type of
explosive, has been or will be
placed in a building, aircraft or
other facilities.
BOMB
A device capable of
producing damage to
material and injury or
death to people when
detonated or ignited.
Is TNT an Improvised Explosive Device?

TNT is an explosive
compound, and can be a
NO. component of an I.E.D., but is
not one in and of itself,
anymore than any other
explosive by itself is an I.E.D.
FOUR (4) COMPONENTS OF A BOMB

Power Initiator Explosive Switch

 POWER

1 2
Electrical Non-Electrical
INITIATORS
ELECTRIC CAPS
They are sensitive to
heat, shock, static
electricity, radio
frequency energy
and electromagnetic
radiation.
INITIATORS
NON-ELECTRIC CAPS
They can detonate
when exposed to heat,
shock or static
electricity. Old fuse
caps that show signs of
deterioration, such as
crystallization, are
extremely dangerous.
INITIATORS

A major purpose of a
flash bulb is to
illuminate a dark
scene
INITIATORS

Filament is the
element that heats
up to incandescence
and gives off visible
light
EXPLOSIVES

Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
- a yellow
insensitive crystals
that can be melted
and cast without
detonation.
EXPLOSIVES

Nitroglycerin is a
highly unstable and
sensitive liquid.
EXPLOSIVES

Gunpowder, also
called black powder,
is a mixture of
sulfur, charcoal, and
potassium nitrate.
EXPLOSIVES

C-4 or Composition
C-4) is an RDX plastic
explosive plasticized
to be adhesive and
malleable.
SWITCHES (Electrical & Non-Electrical)
1 2 3
Would throwing
yourself on top of a
live grenade, really
save the people
around you?
A bomb causes
damage in five (5)
different ways,
depending on the
point at which the
explosion impacts.
1. Blast wave

When a bomb explodes, the area around the

explosion becomes over pressurized,
resulting in highly compressed air particles
that travel faster than the speed of sound.
This wave will dissipate over time and
distance and will exist only for a matter of
milliseconds. This initial blast wave inflicts the
most damage. When this blast wave reaches
a structure or person, two things will initially
happen. First, the person will feel the force of
the blast, which is the primary and initial
impact of the shockwave. This will damage a
structure or body on impact.
2. Shockwaves

After a blast wave strikes a surface or body,

high-velocity shockwaves, or stress waves,
will continue to pass through -- in the body,
they travel through the organs and tissues.
Shockwaves carry energy through the
medium they pass through; they're
supersonic and transport more energy than
sound waves. Currently, there are no
effective ways to prevent shockwaves from
passing through protective clothing, and in
some cases protective measures may even
amplify the destructive effects.
3. Fragmentation
When the bomb explodes, the bomb casing, as well as
any additional shrapnel (nails, screws or other items
included in the bomb), will be violently thrown outward
and away from the explosion. When these fragments
strike buildings, concrete, masonry, glass and even
people, they may fragment even further -- and cause
even more damage. This is known as secondary
fragmentation.
Explosion durability test have proved that laminated
glass is capable to considerably withstand a blast of 50-
57 pounds (about 25 kg).
Advantages:
High capability to restrain damaged glass
fragments
Resistant to explosion
Protects against terrorist attacks and vandalism
act
4. Fire and heat

The explosion may also create a

fireball and high temperatures,
which will result in burns on a
human body or even cause
secondary fires or explosions,
depending on whether any other
fuel sources or flammable
materials are located near the
blast.
5. Blast wind

At the explosion site, a vacuum is created

by the rapid outward movement of the
blast. This vacuum will almost immediately
refill itself with the surrounding atmosphere.
This creates a very strong pull on any
nearby person or structural surface after
the initial push effect of the blast has been
delivered. As this void is refilled, it creates a
high-intensity wind that causes
fragmented objects, glass and debris to be
drawn back in toward the source of the
explosion.
Responding to Bomb Threats

Each threat received through any means of

communications should be treated as real and must
be forwarded immediately to the proper authorities.
THREE (3) METHODS OF DETONATION

1 2 3
TIME COMMAND ACTION
FACTORS THAT Chemical Constitution
CAN AFFECT Temperature

STABILITY OF Exposure to the sun

Electrical Discharge
AN EXPLOSIVE
THREE TELEPHONE BOMB THREAT

KINDS MESSAGE OR LETTER BOMB

OF THREAT

BOMB
PERSON-TO-PERSON BOMB
THREAT THREAT
Telephone Bomb Threat
Take note of the following procedures:
1. KEEP CALM.
2. RECORD THE EXACT TIME OF CALL
3. KEEP IT FIRST UPON YOURSELF & SHOW NO
EMOTION ON THE PHONE
4. PROLONG THE CONVERSATION by taking note of
the following characteristics : male or female
voice; young, middle-age or old sounding voice;
accent of voice; speech impediments or peculiar
voice characteristics; any background noise;
does the voice sound familiar.
Telephone
5. ASK THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:

Bomb Threat 5.1 When is the bomb going to

explode?
5.2 Where is the bomb right now?
5.3 What type of bomb is it?
5.4 What does the bomb look
like?
5.5 What will cause it to explode?
6.RECORD THE TIME THE CALLER
HUNGS UP THE PHONE
7.REPORT IMMEDIATELY TO YOUR
IMMEDIATE SUPERIOR & SUBMIT
THE BOMB THREAT CHECKLIST
MESSAGE BOMB THREAT
1. Keep calm & keep it upon yourself.
2. Record the time it was received.
3. Documents and other materials
received should be carefully handled to
preserve marks, fingerprints, etc.
4. Forward immediately to your
immediate superior and submit
preserved document to the proper
authorities for analysis and evaluation.
Person-to-Person or Direct Threat
1. Keep calm & keep it upon yourself.
2. Record the time it was received.
3. Documents and other materials
received should be carefully handled to
preserve marks, fingerprints, etc.
4. Forward immediately to your
immediate superior and submit
preserved document to the proper
authorities for analysis and evaluation.
PHYSICAL SEARCH OF BUILDINGS
The most effective and fastest search of
a building can be made by the normal
occupants of that building. Bombs can
be packaged in as many different ways
as the maker’s imagination will allow.
Since the object of the search can vary
in size and shape, it is a fundamental
rule that search must be made by
persons who are familiar with the area
in order to notice a strange or foreign
object.
 What to do upon discovery of suspicious object
Do not shake or empty the contents of any suspicious envelope or package.
Place any suspicious envelope or package in a plastic bag or other type of
container to prevent the contents from leaking.
If you do not have a container, cover the envelope or package with anything (e.g.,
clothing, paper, trash can, etc.) and do not remove this cover.
Leave the room and close the door or section off the area to prevent others from
entering (i.e., keep others away).
Wash your hands with soap and water to prevent spreading any substance to your
face.
Notify your immediate superior.
Report the incident to the proper authority.
If possible, list all people who were in the room or area when the envelope or
package arrived. Give this list to responding authorities.
-CALL PROPER AUTHORITY BUT DO NOT USE
CELLULAR PHONE
City of San Jose Del Monte Bulacan Emergency Hotlines
THANK YOU!
AND
GOD BLESS...