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USN 1 D A M E 18ME53

FIFTH Semester B. E. Degree (Autonomous) Semester End Examination, SEE, April 2023
TURBO MACHINES

MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Maximum Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 100

Instructions to candidates:

(i) Answer ANY ONE FULL question from EACH UNIT.

(ii) Use of Steam Tables is permitted.

UNIT-1 RBT
Q. No Marks CO
Level
1. a) What are static and Stagnation states for a fluid?
04 CO1 L1
b) State and explain laws of similitude.
06 CO1 L2

c) The pressure difference Δp in a pipe of diameter D and length l due to

turbulent flow depends on the velocity V, viscosity μ, density ρ and
10 CO1 L3
roughness k. Using Buckingham’s π-theorem, obtain an expression for Δp.

OR

2. a) With a neat diagram, explain the parts of a turbo machine.

04 CO1 L1

b) State Buckingham’s π theorem. Describe this theorem for dimensional

analysis 06 CO1 L2

c) A fluid enters turbine at a stagnation temperature if 400K and a stagnation

pressure of 8 bar. The outlet pressure is 1 bar. If the expansion process
through the turbine is adiabatic and loss free. Determine
i. Work done per kg of fluid assuming the fluid is incompressible 10 CO1 L3
having a density of 1000 kg/m3
The work done per kg of fluid assuming the fluid to be air as a perfect gas.
The change in elevation is zero.

UNIT-2

3. a) List the types of centrifugal pump impellers. 04 CO2 L1

b) With the help of neat velocity diagrams of a general axial-flow compressor,
show that the degree of reaction is given by
V
R  m tan  m Where Vm = flow velocity, u = blade speed and 08 CO2 L2
u
tan  1  tan  2
m  where  1 and  2 are air angles at inlet and outlet.
2

Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560056

(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum)
 (Page 2 of 3)

c) At a stage of an axial flow impulse turbine, the mean blade diameter is 80cm
and the speed is 3000rpm. The absolute velocity of the fluid at inlet is
300m/s and is inclined at 200 to the plane of the wheel. If the utilization
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factor is 0.85 and the relative velocity at rotor exit is equal to that at inlet
determine (i) Inlet and exit blade angles and (ii) Power output in kW for a
mass flow rate of 1kg/s. (iii) Sketch the inlet and exit velocity diagrams.
OR
4. a) Define the following
i. Degree of reaction 04 CO2 L1
ii. Utilization factor
b) Obtain Euler’s turbine equation with usual notations, with the help of a neat
08 CO2 L2
sketch.
c) In an inward flow radial turbine, water enters at an angle of 680 to the axial
direction and leaves the turbine radially. The rotor speed is 300rpm. The
flow velocity is 3m/s and is constant. The inner and exit diameter of the
08 CO2 L3
turbine are 0.3m and 0.6m respectively. The width of the wheel at the inlet
is 15cm. Calculate the rotor blade angles and power developed, neglecting
the thickness of the blades.
UNIT-3
5. a) List out the differences between Impulse and Reaction steam turbines.
04 CO3 L1

b) 2 cos 2  1
Prove that for a reaction turbine max  s  06 CO3 L2
1  cos 2  1
c) An Impulse turbine of one nozzle and one rotor having symmetrical blades is
supplied with high pressure steam making the nozzle angle of 20o and the
steam enters at a velocity of 850m/s. the mean blade velocity is 350m/s and
the mass flow rate is 16.66 kg/s. Considering the friction factor as 0.8 and
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the nozzle efficiency as 95%, determine the following from the velocity
triangles:
(i) Blade angles (ii) Power developed by the turbine (iii) Blade efficiency
(iv) Stage efficiency
OR
6. a) Define the following with respect to Steam turbines.
i. Nozzle efficiency 04 CO3 L1
ii. Stage efficiency
b) Show that the maximum efficiency for an impulse turbine is given by cos2 α1
where α1 is the angle at which steam enters the blades, with the help of 06 CO3 L2
combines velocity triangle
c) Steam flows through the nozzle with a velocity of 450 m/s at a direction
which is inclined at an angle of 16 o to the wheel tangent. Steam comes out
of the moving blades with a velocity of 100 m/s in the direction of blade
motion. The blades are equiangular and the steam flow rate is 10 kg/s. Find:
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1. Power developed, 2.The Power loss due to friction 3.Axial Thrust 4.Blade
Efficiency 5. Blade coefficient

UNIT-4
7. a) Define the following terms
(i) Hydraulic efficiency. 04 CO4 L1
(ii) Overall efficiency.

Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560056

(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum)
 (Page 3 of 3)

b) Sketch inlet and outlet velocity triangles for a Pelton wheel. Obtain an
expression for maximum hydraulic efficiency in terms of nozzle velocity 06 CO4 L2
coefficient, bucket velocity coefficient and exit angle of relative velocity.
c) A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 15m developed 7350kW. The
outer diameter of the runner is 4m and hub diameter is 2m. The guide blade
angle at the extreme edge of the runner is 300. The hydraulic and the overall
efficiency of the turbine are 90% and 85% respectively. If the velocity of 10 CO4 L3
whirl is zero at outlet determine (i) runner vane angle at inlet and outlet at
the extreme edge of the runner (ii) speed of the turbine.

OR
8. a) List out different types of draft tubes with neat sketches.
04 CO4 L1
b) Draw the neat sketch of a Francis turbine and explain the function of draft
tube. Draw velocity triangles of Francis turbine. 06 CO4 L2

c) A Pelton turbine develops 10MW power when working under a head of

800m, running at 600rpm. Find the least diameter of the jet and the mean
diameter of the rotor. Determine the value of the jet ratio and state whether it
10 CO4 L3
is within the limits. If so, find the number of buckets for the runner. Take the
overall efficiency of the turbine as 89%, Nozzle co-efficient 0.98, speed ratio
as 0.45.
UNIT-5
9. a) What is minimum starting speed of a centrifugal pump? 04 CO5 L1
b) Illustrate an expression for overall pressure ratio for a centrifugal compressor
in terms of impeller tip speed, slip, power input factor and isentropic 06 CO5 L2
efficiency of compressor.
c) A centrifugal pump is designed to run at 1450 rpm with a maximum
discharge of 1800 liters/min against a total head of 20 m. The suction and
delivery pipes are designed such that they are equal in size of 100 mm. If the
10 CO5 L3
inner diameter and outer diameter of the impeller are 12 cm and 24 cm
respectively, determine the blade angles for radial entry. Neglect friction and
other losses.
OR
10 a) What are surging, stalling and choking in centrifugal compressors stage. 04 CO5 L1
b) Illustrate an expression for the minimum starting speed. 06 CO5 L2
c) A centrifugal compressor runs at 16000 rpm and produces a stagnation
pressure ratio of 4 between the impeller inlet and outlet. The stagnation
condition of air at the compressor intake are 1.033 bar and 250C respectively.
The absolute velocity of the air at compressor intake is axial. If the
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compressor has radial blades at the exit such that relative velocity at exit is
135 m/s and the total to total efficiency of the compressor is 0.78, draw the
velocity triangle at the exit of the rotor and compute the slip coefficient. The
rotor diameter at the outlet is 58 cm.

*******

Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560056

(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum)