A+ CHEMISTRY STD IX

STD 9 – FIRST BELL – CHEMISTRY – CLASS – 29

CHAPTER- 6

NON METALS

Hydrogen as a Fuel:
● Hydrogen is a combustible gas, it is a good fuel.
● Fossil fuels burning give out carbon dioxide which in turn increases global warming.
● The caloric value of a fuel is the heat energy released from one unit mass of that fuel on complete
combustion.
● Hydrogen is the highest caloric value.
Q: What are the advantages of hydrogen as a fuel?
● High caloric value.
● Availability is plenty.
● No environmental pollution.
Limitations of Hydrogen fuel:

● Hydrogen is a gas which burns with explosion.

● It is very difficult to store and transport.

OXYGEN- The breath of Life:

● Oxygen is known as the breath of life is essential for the existence of life.
● It is the most abundant element in the earth crust.
● There are so many oxygen compounds in rocks and soil.
Presence of oxygen on the earth:

Earth's crust 45-50%

Water 88-90%

Minerals 45-50%

Atmospheric air 21%

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 A+ CHEMISTRY STD IX
Plants 60-70%

Animals 60-70%
Preparation of Oxygen:

a. From potassium permanganate

Procedure:

 Heat the boiling tube containing potassium permanganate, then a glowing matchstick into the boiling
tube.

Observation:

 The flaring up of the glowing match stick

Conclusion:

2KMnO4+ Heat → K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2

Decomposition reaction:

 It is the process of forming two or more products due to the decomposition of a compound.

Eg:

2NaCl → 2Na + Cl

2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2

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 A+ CHEMISTRY STD IX
b. Electrolysis of water
2H2O → 2H2 + O2

Properties of Oxygen:

● Oxygen is a colourless,odourless, and tasteless gas.

● Oxygen helps in combustion.
● Oxygen is soluble in water.

Some reactions of Oxygen:

Combustion
● The burning of a substance in oxygen is called combustion.
● The combustion of sulphur and oxygen to form sulphur dioxide.
S + O2 → SO2

● Oxygen reacts with the non- metals such as carbon and hydrogen to produce carbon dioxide and
water respectively.
C+ O2 → CO2

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O2

● Metals like Al, Fe losing lustre in the course of time, the reaction of oxygen with these metals to
form their oxide.
Uses of Oxygen
● For combustion
● As a oxidising agent in rocket fuels
● For artificial respiration
● Purification of water.

HOME WORK:

1. Prepare a short note on the possibilities of using hydrogen as a fuel in future.

2. Prepare a short note on the role of plants in maintaining the Oxygen level.

Prepared by:
Sakeena T
HST PS
Iringannur Hss Calicut
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