Republic of the Philippines

CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

Silang Campus
Biga I, Silang, Cavite
🗌 046 513-5706 🗌 046 513-3965
✉cvsusilang@cvsu.edu.ph

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN GENERAL SCIENCE

Learners: Grade 9 Students

Time Length: 30 minutes
Date: April 18, 2023

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to;
 Describe the phenomena of photosynthesis and cellular respiration;
 share their perspective on the importance of photosynthesis in our
world;
 investigate the effect of sunlight on the rate of photosynthesis

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
B. References:
Department of Education. "Project EASE (Effective Alternative
Secondary Education) BIOLOGY." In Quarter 1 Module 6:
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration, 3-19. Pasig City: Bureau of
Secondary Education.

Campo, Pia et al. 2013. Science 9 Learner's Module. Pasig

City: Department of Education.

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/colegio-de-dagupan/bsed-major-in-english/
science-9-q1-mod6-photosynthesis-and-cellular-respiration-v3/27622260

C. Instructional materials:
 Visual aid
 Manila Paper
 Marker
  Water
 Leaves
 Transparent cup
 Box

D. Concept
1. Photosynthesis is the process of converting sun’s energy into
chemical energy in the form of sugar and carbohydrate.
2. Photosynthetic tissues that is responsible in working
photosynthesis are the epidermis, mesophyll, and the veins.
3. There are two stages of photosynthesis namely; light
dependent reaction and light independent reaction.

E. Values Integrated
To develop self-esteem through working on group activity and to
have self-value as well as self-awareness for them to value the
importance of plants and trees in our environment.

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

A. Daily Routine
Prayer
Let’s start our class with an opening prayer. May
I request Ms. Trina to lead us in prayer.
(students will stand up and Trina leads the
prayer)
Thank you Lord for giving us another day in our life.
Guide us, Lord as we study our lesson for today. May
you give us more wisdom and knowledge to
understand our lesson. This is all we pray, in Jesus
name. Amen.

Greetings/ Classroom Management

Good morning class!

Good morning, Ma’am!

Before you take your seats, kindly pick up

III. LEARNING PROCEDURES
the trashes or papers under your chair and
please align your chair properly.

Checking of Attendance

How are you feeling today?

We’re good ma’am.

Ms. Class president, may I know who’s

absent for today?
I’m glad to report to you ma’am that no one is
absent for today.
Great! That’s good to hear that everyone is
here in our class.

B. MOTIVATION
Before we proceed to our discussion, let’s
have an activity first.

Our activity is entitled “Photo, Photo-

synthesis”. Are you familiar with the
game rock, paper and scissor?

Yes, ma’am.
Okay. Our activity is almost the same with
that game but we have our own symbols. Our
symbols would be like this. First, the sun.
(teacher will demontrate) Second, the plant.
(teacher will demonstrate) and the third
would be the darkness (teacher will
demonstrate).

Just like the rock, paper,and scissor, they

have also the strength and weaknesses. The
Sun can be defeat the Darkness, and the
Darkness can defeat the plant. But, the sun
and the plant can’t be defeated, thus the
group will automatically redo the game.

So, I will be dividing you into two groups. This

row would be the group 1 and this row would
be the group 2. I will be giving you a 10
seconds for you to talk with your groupmates
about the symbol that you are going to use
 for you to defeat them. After that, you are
going to face to the other group and you will
show the symbol you chose. The group that
will win will have a 1 point and the first group
that will have an accumulated 3 points will
automatically the winner.

Are we clear about the mechanics of our

activity?
None, ma’am.

Do you have any question or clarification?

None so far ma’am.

Perfect! Let’s now proceed. (The teacher will

flash the timer in the screen)

C. LESSON PROPER

Good job everyone! I am so amazed by how

you respond to the other group with a short
period of time. It simply means that you are
all a real quick in thinking. So, I guess almost
all of you have an idea with our lesson for
today, given the title of our activity itself.

Do you have an idea, what’s our lesson for

today?

(Fuentes will raise his hand)

Yes, Mr. Fuentes.

I think, our lesson for today is all about
Photosynthesis.

Very good! Our lesson for today is all about

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration.

But, before we proceed to our lesson, let’s

have our lesson objectives first. By the end of
this lesson, the student should be able to,
kindly read the first bullet Ms. Mary Jane.
 • Describe the phenomena of photosynthesis
and cellular respiration.
For the second bullet, kindly read Ms.
Sheena.
• Illustrate the relationship between light and
photosynthesis.
For the third bullet, Ms.
• Differentiate the basic features of
photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
For the fourth bullet, please read Mr. Austin.
• Gather evidence of inputs and outputs of
photosynthesis.
And for the last bullet, Ms. Mary Rose.
• Give the importance of photosynthesis.
Awesome, thank you everyone for reading.

I have here some questions that you might

probably asking too. Have you ever wonder,
How does photosynthesis happens? What
are the major elements for the plant to
photosynthesize? And, does photosynthesis
occur at night?

These are the questions that we are going

to answer after the discussion.

I also prepare some of the animated

pictures here and I want you class to
observe these pictures.

(The teacher will show the pictures)

So, here’s the question. What do you think

is required for us to perform these different
activities?
(Rosalinda will raise her hand)
Yes, Ms. Rosalinda.

For us to perform that activities, we need energy.

Exactly! Energy is the ability to do work.
Now, how to we obtain energy?
(Vanessa will raise her hand)
Yes, Ms. Vanessa.
 We need to eat our food for us to get the energy we
need.

Very well said! The food that we eat was

broken down and converted into energy.

Now, how about the plants? How do they

obtain energy? Do they have mouth for
them to eat?

None, ma’am.
Of course, they don’t have mouth nor the
same digestive system that we had. But, how
do they exactly obtain their energy?

(Charlot will raise her hand)

Through the process of photosynthesis, ma’am.

Very good! Plants make their own food
through photosynthesis.

What do you call to the organisms that are

capable of making their own food?

(Ms. Camille will raise her hand)

Yes, Ms. Camille.

Autotrophs, ma’am.

Excellent! Can you give an example of

autotrophs except to the plants?

(Melgeri will raise her hand)

The other example of autotrophs are cyanobacteria,

phytoplanktons, and algae.

Very good! How about those organisms that

cannot make their own food just like us,
humans? How do you call that?

(Breniel will raise his hand)

We are an example of Heterotrophs. Other example

is the animals.

Very well said.

 Now, let’s define the word
photosynthesis. What is
photosynthesis?
(Kimberly will raise her hand)

Photosynthesis is the process of making organism’s

own food.

Great! Let’s define word by word the

photosynthesis.

When you hear the word ‘photo’, what

comes into your mind first?
(Sean will raise her hand)

Taking pictures mam.

What exactly are we doing?

Capturing moments ma’am.

Exactly! Now, in order for us to capture

that moment or picture, we need a very
important thing. And what is that?
For example, I’m going to ask Mr.
Austin to take a picture of Ms. Manuel
inside the dark room. Do you think Mr.
Austin will have a clear picture of Ms.
Manuel?
No, ma’am.

So what does exactly Mr. Austin need

for him to take a clear picture?

(Rosalinda will raise her hand)

Yes, Ms. Rosalinda.

He need light ma’am.

Very good! The word photo actually

came from the Greek word means
‘light’. How about the word ‘synthesis?
How do you define synthesis?
 (Fuentes will raise his hand)

Yes, Mr. Fuentes Synthesis is the process of combining two or

more things.

Very well said! Synthesis came from

the Greek word meaning “putting
together”
If we combine these two, this means
that photosynthesis is “Putting together
with light”
Now, what is photosynthesis in different
definition? Kindly please read Ms.
Sahara. Photosynthesis is the process of converting sun’s
energy into chemical energy in the form of sugar
or carbohydrate. It occurs in plant, some other
photosynthetic bacteria, and algae.

Thank you Ms. Sahara.

Now, not just plants can make their
own food but other organisms too. Can
you give one of these example?
Cyanobacteria ma’am.

Very good! What else? Phytoplanktons

Excellent! Anything more? Kelp ma’am.

Bravo!
A leaf consists of several different kinds
of specialized tissues that work together
to make food by photosynthesis. The
first one is Epidermis. Kindly please
read Ms. Sean.
The epidermis of the leaf consists of a single
layer of tightly-packed dermal cells. They secrete
waxy cuticle.

Okay, why do you think it needs waxy

cuticle?
 (Sheena will raise her hand)

I think ma’am, it is for the protection.

Excellent! The purpose of waxy cuticle

in the leaves is to prevent the
evaporation of water to the leaf. Now,
there are two parts of the epidermis, the
upper and the lower epidermis. In the
lower epidermis, it has a tiny pores
called stoma.

The question is, why do you think it is

placed underside of the leaf, not in the
upper epidermis?
(Breniel will raise his hand)

Yes, Mr. Breniel.

It is placed underside because it has a small
openings. If that tiny opening have direct contact
to the sun, this may lead to drought or water loss
of the leaf.

Exactly! Take an example of our skin.

We also have epidermis and tiny pores.
That is why, we prevent over exposure
to the sun because it will affect our
health.

Now, let’s proceed to the second tissue

which is the Mesophyll.
 Mesophyll makes up most of the leaf’s interior.
Mesophyll consists mainly of parenchyma with
chloroplasts.
Kindly read Ms. Melgeri.

(Beatriz will raise her hand)

Mesophyll is where the chloroplast
located. And what is the function of Chloroplast is where the photosynthesis takes
chloroplast? place. This is were the chlorophyll located.

(Mary Jane will raise her hand)

Very good! How about the chlorophyll? Chlorophyll is a green pigment which give many
plants a green color. They are also responsible in
capturing the photons in light.
Yes, Ms. Mary Jane.

Very well said! Now, plants have veins

too. Kindly please read Mr. Ezekiel.
Veins are made primarily of xylem and phloem.
They transport water and minerals to the cells of
leaves and carry away dissolved sugar.
 Okay, veins are responsible in
transporting water and minerals all
(Rosalinda will raise her hand)
throughout the plants. Which do you
think is responsible of transporting
dissolved sugar, the xylem or the The phloem is responsible for carrying the sugar
phloem? throughout the cell.

Fabulous! (Mary Rose will raise her hand)

Now that we have already discussed
the photosynthetic organs, what do you The major elements in photosynthesis are water,
think are the elements involved in carbon dioxide and the sunlight.
photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide ma’am.

Very good! Let’s proceed to the
process of photosynthesis.
What is our byproduct?

That’s right! Our byproduct is actually

what the plants need. First, the plants
will breath in the CO2. Next, the plant will
absorb the water in the soil together
with the light from the sun. After that,
the plant’s byproduct would be the
glucose and oxygen.
(Kyla will raise her hand)

So, what would be the input and output

of the photosynthesis? Can you write
here in the board? The formula for the reactants ma’am would be
6CO2 + H2O + Light Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2

Okay, Ms. Kyla.

 Excellent! Okay class, the first
formula is the input and the last
formula is the output of
photosynthesis.

Okay, before we continue to our

discussion, do you have any
question class?

None so far, ma’am.

Great! Let’s continue. Now,
photosynthesis actually has two
stages. Take note of this, stages
not types.
The first one is light dependent
reaction and the second is light
independent reaction. Kindly
please read Ms. Kimberly.
Light dependent reaction
-requires photons from light
- takes place in between Thylakoids
- uses light and water to produce oxygen and 2
energy carrying molecules:
a. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) – energy
currency of the cell
b. NADPH (Nicotinamide Adenine
Dinucleotide Phosphate Hydrogen)

Light dependent reaction, give the

term itself, it requires light and it
takes place in Thylakoids. It also
accrues two energy carrying
molecules which is ATP and
NADPH. Why do you think ATP is
the energy currency of the cell?

(Austin will raise his hand)

I think ma’am, in order for us to do work, we need

ATP.

That’s right! ATP is the energy

curency meaning to say, it is like
money for us to buy or get
something. Similar to the context,
ATP is the fuel for us to perform or
do work.
 Now, let’s proceed to the second stage which
is the Light independent reaction or what we
call the Calvin cycle.
Kindly please read Mr. Fuentes.

-does not requires light

-takes place in the stroma
-uses carbon dioxide and NADPH to produce
carbohydrate or sugar.

Given the term itself, light independent

reaction doesn’t require light and it also
happen in stroma.

Now that we have learned that there are

stored energy in the plants. The question is,
how do we make used of this stored energy?
This chemical energy stored in the form of
sugar or starch.

This is actually through the process of what

we call Cellular respiration.

This cellular respiration is different to the

respiration we are talking about human
respiratory system.

Do you have any idea or information about

cellular respiration?

(Vanessa will raise her hand)

Cellular respiration is the process of breaking down a

particular molecule.

Very good! Cellular respiration in the context

of bioenergetics, it is the process of breaking
down the complex molecules.

Okay, what do you think the difference

between the photosynthesis and the cellular
respiration?

(Kyla will raise her hand)

Photosynthesis happens only in plants and other

autotrophic organisms. While, cellular respiration
happens in both autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Excellent! What else?
 (Charlot will raise her hand)

Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplast while

cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria.

Very well said! Do you have something to

add Mr. Ezekiel?

Photosynthesis is the process of making their own

food while, cellular respiration is the process of
breaking down the complex molecules that will
release energy in the form of ATP.
Awesome! All of those answer are correct.

Now, I have here a graph. I want everyone to

observe, analyze and interpret the data. What
is the relationship of the rate of photosynthesis
to the temperature?

(Breniel will raise his hand)

Yes, Breniel.

The lower the temperature, the lower the rate of

photosynthesis. This means that, 0 degree Celsius
temperature, photosynthesis will not happen. Also,
the optimal temperature of the photosynthesis is 45
degree Celsius. Meaning to say, if the tempearature
reaches beyond 45 degree Celsius, photosynthesis
will not going to happen.

Very well said! Therefore, if there is no light or

sunlight, photosynthesis will not happen.

To prove that hypothesis, we will be having an

experiment. I have prepared materials that we
are going to use. First is the 2 plastic cups, the
second are the leaves, water as well as the
box. You can also do this to your home. This
is 100% safe for everyone.

So, the first thing we need to do is to pour the

water in the plastic cups with the same level of
water. Next, place each leaves in the plastic
cups. Third, put the box into one plastic cup
and place the other plastic cup outside. Let
the cup expose directly to the sun’s ray. Leave
them with 1 to 2 hours.

Now, observe the two cups and the leaves

inside of them.

What can you observe to the leaves place

under the sun?
(Camille will raise her hand)

Ma’am I think, the leaves that was exposed to the

sun has bubbles.

Okay, how about the leaves inside the box?

There are no observable bubbles in the leaves
unlike to the other cup.

That’s right! What do you think does bubbles

indicate?
The bubbles in the leaves indicates that there is
the presence of oxygen there.

Great! Now, again, what is the byproduct of

the photosynthesis?

Oxygen ma’am.

Perfect! Therefore, how can we conclude in

our experiment?
We can say that photosynthesis really happens
with the presence of light.

Very good! Does our experiment justified our

hypothesis? Yes, ma’am.

Excellent! Is everything clear?

Yes, ma’am.

Do you have any questions, clarification or

any other information? None, ma’am.

D. APPLICATION
Great! If that’s the case, let’s now have an
activity. With the same grouping, you are
going to differentiate the photosynthesis and
cellular respiration. You are going to write it in
the manila paper and make it in the tabular
data. I will be giving you 5 minutes to work on
your groupmates and after that, you are going
to present your work in front.

Are we clear with the instruction?

Yes ma’am.

Do you have questions regarding the activity? None.

Great! You may now start.

E. ASSIGNMENT
How are you guys in our activity? We’re good ma’am.

Did you have fun doing it?

Good to know. So for your assignment, I want

you to make a research about this word:
1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs Cycle
3. Transport Chain

Okay, that would be all class. Goodbye.

Goodbye ma’am.
Prepared by:

NORIDEN L. FABI
Practice Teacher

Checked and Reviewed by:

MRS. JANE MANARPIIS

Cooperating Teacher

Approved:

ROSELYN A. YMANA, PhD.

Chairperson. TED