5-214

MINE SURVEYING

® Angle between strike and drift:

B

Vein . a relatively thin deposit of mineral

between definite boundaries. c
Strike· the line of· intersection of the vein with B

a horizontal plane.
Dip· the vertical angle between the plane of
the vein and horizontal plane measured
perpendicular to tne strike.
Outcrop . the pornon of the vein exposed at
the ground surface.
Drift . an inclined passage driven in a
. particular direction. D

Sin fII = BC
AC
CD
tan43'40'=. BC
.A.~ttJba$.~.$t~kePf.N, • 10'1$fW.• Mda.dlp••hf BC = CD cot 43'40'
4a~4QjlN .• A~r1ffil'lI~~Yeil1M~ilg~pf~%. 2 aJ
100 = AC
• W·•• W~~ • ~.tt@>.*Mhg.A1.w~Y~m~I.PlaQe AC=50 CD
¢9.~PMi~Sm~dlp~)

Ij,.fr~fl~
Sin fII = BC
AC
. - CD cot 43'40'
SInfll- CD50
fII = 1'12'
Solution: @, Bearing of drift:
CD Bearing of dip: Bearing:: 10'15' + 1'1 'Z
Bearing = N. 11'27' W

A vein has a dip of 57' W. The bearing of a

drift is N. 37'W, having a grade of5% With the
c plane oUhe vein. ..

CD Compute the honzontal angle be.tween the

D Dr~ strike and the verticalprojectlon of lhe drift,
® Compute the bearing afthe strike.
Bearing =90' ·10'15' @ Compule the bearing of the vertical plane
Bearing = S. 79'45' W. containing the dip.
 5-215

MINE SURVEYING

Solution: @ Bearing ofstrike:

CD Horizontal angle between the strike and the Bearing = 31' - 1'52'
vertical projection of drift: Bearing::: N. 35'08' W
@ Bearing of the vertical plane containing the
dip:
Bearing =90' - 35'08'
Bearing::: S. 54'52' W

The eente~ine of amine lu nnel runs through A

and S, each 1575 m. in altitUde, with a
distance between AS equal to 1585 m. The
D tunnel bears S.70' E. from A. On the other
side of the hill, 1136 m., N. 77' E. of A is a
point C at 2142 m. affitude. .
<D Determine the bearing of the shortest
possible tunnel from eta AB.
® Determine the dip of the shortest possible
tunnel from C to AB.
@ Determine' the length of the shortest
.possible tunnel from eta AB.
Solution:
CD Bearing ofshortest tunnel from C to AB:

Sin", =BC
AC
tan 51' = CD N
BC
BC= CD cot 51'
2.~CD
100 - AC
AC=20CD
Sin", =BC
AC
. . CDeot51'
SIn '" = 20 CD B

,,::: 1"52'
5-216

MINE SURVEYING

8 = 180' - 77' - 70'

8=33'
Bearing = S, 20' W. Drill holes are bored through points A, Band C
until It strikes the mineral ores, Point A is 400
® Dip ofshortest tunnel from C to AB:
m. due south of Band point Cis 300 m, N.60'
E.ofB. ....

(j) • • Cornpute•• the.differe~ • in•• elevl3.1ion.of. the

B
. $lJffaceofOreatAandC;··· .
® cOIllpUtetfiflbeatinggfstfike.
c @ COl1'lpufetheal1g!e ofJ@dip...

567 Solution:
CD Difference in elevation ofthe surface of ore
A4:;..--------ID at Aand C.:
C
Elevation of mineral ores:
POINTS ELEVATION OF ORES
567 A' . 450 -165 = 285 m.
S' 470 -187 =283 m.
A 4;...---I.:...-------ID
C 485 -203 = 282 m.

Diff. of elevation (If the surface of are at A .

CD = 2142 -1575 and C =285 -282
CD=567m. Diff. of elevation of the surface of are at A
andC=3m.
(AD)2 = (1136)2 - (567)2
AD = 984.38 @ Bearing ofstrike:
DE= 984.38 Sin 33'
N
DE = 536.13 m.
567
tan IJ = 536.13
IJ = 46'36' (dip)

Shortest tunnel from C to AB: .

(EC)2 =(536.13)2 + (567)2
EC =780.37 m.
 5-217

MINE SURVEYING

From point A at the opening of a tunnel. a

surface traverse is run on the side hill and an
underground traverse is run through the tunnel,
Both traverse are oriented from the same
meridian. Below are the computed latitudes'
and departures. Consider the line AF is a
400-x_! straight Une on the surface and the slope AF is
3 -1 uniform upward. Also assume that all points of
3x =400 + x the under ground traverse are on the same
2x =400 elevation whBe point Fis 33 meters above A
x=200
(C'D) =(200)2 + (300)2. 2(200)(300) Cos 60'
C' 0 = 264.58 m.

Using Sine Law:

Sin 13 _ Sin 60'
300 - 264.58
0=79'06'

Bearing ofstrike::: N, 79'06' W.

® Angle of the dip:

(j) Find the bearing of line AF.

® Find the distance of ~ne AF.
@ Compute the shortest distance of a shaft
from point 4 in the tunnel of the surface
along line AF.

Solution:
CD Bearing of line AF:
Line AF:

'~ Lat. =31.2 -17.4 - 3.7 + 22.8 + 12.1

Lat. =+ 45.0
Dep. =40.5 + 34.6 + 66.0 + 39.9 + 55
B" 10639 E Dep. =+ 236.5

B" E =200 Sin 79'06' tan 13 =~

Lat.
B" E= 196.39 m 236.3
td' _ _ 1_
13 = 45.0
.an Ip - 19639 13 =79'13'

dip =0'17' Bearing =N. 79'13' E.

S-21S

MINE SURVEYING

® Distance AF:
N

A line from A elevation 17.13 m. intersects the

F veln at 8, elevation 54 - 85 m. The bearing
38m
. _ Departure
Distance AF - Sin 79'13'
Distance AF = 240,55 meters
and slope distance of AS are N. 47'31' E. and
63}O m. respectively, Strike is $,71'33' E.
Dip is 50' $W;
CD Compute !he direction of the shortest level
cross cot from A to the vein. . ..
@ Compute the length of the shortest level
cross cut from A to the vein. .. .
@ Determine the shortest distance from A t6
·ihevein.

® Shortest distance of a shaft from point 4 in

the tunnel of the surface along line AF,
Line A - 4:
Lat. ="82.5 - 8.8 - 5.7
Lat. =-117.0
Dep. =25.0 + 50.4 +40.0 + 70.4
Dep. = 185.8
. A 4 185.8
tan beanng - = 117
tan bearing A - 4 = S 57'48' E.
. _ Departure
Distance A - 4 - Sin 57'48'
Distance A - 4 = 219.58 m.
" = 180' - (79'13' +57'48')
" =42'59'
A
AO = 219.58 Cos 42'59'
AO = 160.63 meters Solution:
h 33 CD Direction of the shortest level cross cut
160.33 =240.55 from A to the vein:
h = 22.037 meters Direction Of the shortest level =47'31' - 29'04'
Distance 04 = (A - 4) Sin 42'59' Direction ofthe shortest/evel =N. 18'27' E.
Distance 04 = 219.58 Sin 42'59' ® Length of the shortest level cross cut from
Distance 04 = 149.7 meters. A to the vein:
h ,--------
tan a= 0-4 AD = ."j (63.70)2 - (37.72)2
22.037 AD = 51.33 m.
(X = 149.7 AE = 51.33 Cos 29'04'
AE=44.87 m.
a = 8'22' 26" EF=37.72 Cot SO'
0-4 EF= 31.65 m.
d = Cos 8'22' 26" AF= 44.87 - 31.65
d = 151.32 meters. (shortest distance of AF =13.22 m. (shortest level cross out
the shaft) from A to the vem)
 S~219

MINE SURVEYING

@ Shortest distance from A to the vein: @ Length of a + 1.5% tunnel to meet the vein:
AH = AF Sin 50' CD 350
AH = 13.22 Sin SO' Sin 3D' =Sin 128'
AH= 10,13m, CD =222.08
CE 222.08
Sin 128' =Sin 51'08"
CE= 224.76ft.

A vein dips to the west at an angle of 52'. A @ Distance from the outcrop to the bottom of
hill side assumed 10 be sloping uniformly has the shaft.
an angle of depression of 22'. tram the AE 203.03
outcrop of the vein, the sloP'! distance along Sin 112' =Sin 30'
the hillside to the top of the shaft and mouth of AE =376.49 m.
the tunnel are respectively 250 ft. and 35Q fl,lf
the tunnel is driven al right angles to the strike
and the shaft is sunk vert~lly.
CD Determine the height of the shaft
® Determine the length of a + 1:5% tunnel 10
meet the vein, . A point B at the bottom of a winze has a
@ Detennlne the distance from the outcrop to vertical angle of • 65'23' sighted with the top
the bottom of the shaft. telescope of a mining transit. The slope
distance to a poinl B from the inslrument at A
.is 295.87 ft The eccentricity of the telescope
is 3 inches.

zD Compute the corrected vertical angle.

® Compute the elevation of B if A is al
elevation 500 ft. and the H.l. is + 5.5 ft. and
H.PI. is· 3.3 ft.
@ Determine Ihehorizonlal distance between
AloS.

Solution:
CD Corrected vertical angle:

Solution:
-:'1) Height of the shaft:
BE 250
Sin 30~ =Sin 38'
BE = 203.03 m.
S-220

MINE SURVEYING

ilri~I_~~I~.INII'~'lill
3/12
;111".'ki?;$i'~'!I~~
tan", =295.87
",=0'03'

Corrected vetfical angle = 65'23' - 03'

Corrected vertical angle = 65'20'

® Elevation ofB if A is at elevation 500 Fr.

and the H.I. is + 5.5 Fr. and H.PI. is - 3.3 Fr.
A B

~
h =295.87 Sin 65'20'
h=268.87
C

EI. ofB = 500+ 5.5- 268.87 +3.3

EI. ofB = 239.93 ft ~ c
Solution:
® Horizontal distance between A to B:
G) Direction of the line of intersection of the
veins:
A"r--.-_ _.., IJ = 63'25' + 77'10'
IJ = 110'35'
In .1 ABC:
BC = AB tan 22'
In.1 BOD:
BC = Bo tan 35'
In.1 ABO:
AB= OB Sin f1J
In.1 aBO:
B
B

tan 65'20' =268.87

x
D
x= 123.48 ft
 5-221

MINE SURVEYING

BD = OB Sin (fJ· Ill)

OB= ~B .
Sm III
OB- BD
- Sin (fJ - Ill)
AB _ BD
Sin", - Sin (fJ - "')
BC Cot 22' BCCot35'
Sin", = Sin (fJ - "')
Sin (fJ - "') _ Cot 35'
Sin", - Cot 22'
Sin ~IJ - "') =0.578
Sin '"
Sin 11 Cos", .; Sin '" Cos fJ - 57
Sin", -0. 8
Sin 110'35' Cos", - Sin", Cos 110'35'
Sin", =0.578
Cot", Sin 69'25' + Cos 69'25' =0.578 Solution:
- 0.578 - 0.352
Cot III - 0.93616
Cot III = 0.241
III = 76'27'
fJ· III = 34'08'
Bearing of the line of intersection
=76'27 - 63'25'
= N, 13'02' E.

@ Slope of the line intersection:

5
12
tan III = 153.27
III = 0'9'21"
5
12
tan a =224.82

tana=-
Be a =0'06'22"
08
H=83'42'-a+1Il
tan a = ~~ tan 22' Sin III
H =88'42' - 0'06'22" + 0'09'21"
tan a = tan 22' Sin 76'27' H = 88'44'59"
a = 21'27' (slope)
S-222

MINE SURVEYING

45000 + 2.x2 • 1800x + 270000 =0

2.x2 • 1800x + 315000 =0
x2 - 900x + 157500 = 0
900 ±..j81‫סס‬oo - 63‫סס‬oo
x= 2
900 ± ..J18OOOO
x= 2
900 ±424
x= 2
476
x=-
2
x=238
1323
x=T'
x = 612 > 300 (absurd)
Usex= 238
® Bevation of discovery post: .

Solution:
CD Location of discovery post from the
location post number 2:
o (150)2 + x2 = (h cot45'~
(150)2 + x2 = h2
@ (150)2 + (300· x)2 =(h rot 60'~
. If
(150)2 + (300· x)2 ="3
o&@ If =(150)2 +;
If . If =22500 + (238~
h2 - x2 ="3 -(300 - x~ h2 = 22500 + 56700
3h2 - 3; = h2 - 3 (90000 - 600x + x2) h= 281
31f - 3x2 = If - 270000 + 1800x - 3; Elev. of Discovery Post =400 • 281 - 1.5
e 21f - 1800x + 270000 = 0 Elev. of Discovery Post =117.5 meters
O&e
h2 =(150)2 + x2 @ Distance of discovery post from cer. 1:
.2 [(150)2 + x2]-1800x +270000 =0 Distance = h cot 45'
2 (22500 +x2) - 1800x + 270000 = 0 Distance = 281 cot 45'
Distance = 281 m.