“Cases - Part 1”

(Nominative, Accusative and Instrumental)

Personal Pronouns:
Nominative Accusative Instrumental

Ja mene / me sa mnom

Ti tebe / te sa tobom

On njega / ga sa njim

Ona nju / je sa njom

Mi nas sa nama

Vi vas sa vama

Oni njih / ih sa njima

One njih / ih sa njima

Nominative: 
- subject of the sentence
- the original word

Personal pronouns:
English Singular English Plural

I Ja We Mi

You Ti You Vi

He On They Oni

She Ona They One

It Ono They Ona

Possessive pronouns:
MASCULINE Feminine Neuter
English
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural

my moj moj​i moj​a moj​e moj​e moj​a

your tvoj tvoj​i tvoj​a tvoj​e tvoj​e tvoj​a

his njegov njegov​i njegov​a njegov​e njegov​o njegov​a

her njen njen​i njen​a njen​e njen​o njen​a

our naš naš​i naš​a naš​e naš​e naš​a

your vaš vaš​i vaš​a vaš​e vaš​e vaš​a

their njihov njihov​i njihov​a njihov​e njihov​o njihov​a

Demonstrative pronouns:
MASCULINE Feminine Neuter
English
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural

this ova​j ov​i ov​a ov​e ov​o ov​a

that ta​j t​i t​a t​e t​o t​a

that ona​j on​i on​a on​e on​o on​a

Nouns:
Masculine Feminine

English Singular Plural English Singular Plural

phone telefon telefon​i spoon kašik​a kašik​e

computer kompjuter kompjuter​i book knjig​a knjig​e

man muškarac muškarc​i woman / wife žen​a žen​e

driver vozač vozač​i sister sestr​a sestr​e

singer pevač pevač​i mother majk​a majk​e

Example:
English Serbian

My phone​ is expensive. Moj telefon​ ​je skup.

My spoon​ is expensive. Moja kašika​ ​je skupa.

This driver​ is driving fast. Ovaj vozač​ ​vozi brzo.

This woman​ is cooking. Ova žena​ kuva.

Accusative: 
- object of the sentence.
- whom, what
- koga, šta

Personal pronouns:
English Singular English Plural

me mene / me us nas

you tebe / te you vas

him njega / ga them njih / ih

her nju / je them njih / ih

it njega / ga them njih / ih

Example:
English Serbian

Tebe​ znam.
I know you.
Znam ​te​.

Mene​ znaš.
You know me.
Znaš ​me​.

Njega​ je videla.

She saw him. Ona ​ga​ je videla.

Videla ​ga je​.

Njih​ sam videla.

I saw them. Ja sam ​ih​ videla.

Videla sam ​ih​.

Masculine
Nouns:
SINGULAR PLURAL

Mascuilne Masculine Masculine

(non-living) (living) (non-living and living)

no changes add “​a​” change the ending to “​e​”

Possessive pronouns:
MASCULINE

Accusative (singular) Accusative (plural)

Nominative Nominative
non-living living non-living living

moj moj m​o​g moji moj​e moj​e

tvoj tvoj tv​o​g tvoji tvoj​e tvoj​e

njegov njegov njegov​og njegovi njegov​e njegov​e

njen njen njen​og njeni njen​e njen​e

naš naš naš​eg naši naš​e naš​e

vaš vaš vaš​eg vaši vaš​e vaš​e

njihov njihov njihov​og njihovi njihov​e njihov​e

Demonstrative pronouns:
MASCULINE

Accusative (singular) Accusative (plural)

Nominative Nominative
non-living living non-living living

ovaj ovaj ov​og ovi ov​e ov​e

taj taj t​og ti t​e t​e

onaj onaj on​og oni on​e on​e

Example:
MASCULINE

English Serbian

I bought a ​computer​. Kupila sam ​kompjuter​.

non-living things
I bought ​computers​. Kupila sam ​kompjuter​e​.

I saw a ​singer​. Videla sam ​pevač​a​.

living things
I saw ​singers​. Videla sam ​pevač​e​.

Possessive / Demonstrative Pronouns + Nouns:

MASCULINE

English Serbian

I bought ​your computer​. Kupila sam ​tvoj​ ​kompjuter​.

non-living things
I bought ​your computers​. Kupila sam ​tvoj​e​ kompjuter​e​.

I saw ​that singer​ {​yesterday​}. Videla sam ​t​og​ ​pevač​a​ ​{j​ uče}​ .
living things
I saw ​those singers​ {​yesterday}​ . Videla sam ​t​e​ pevač​e​ ​{j​ uče​}.
Feminine
Nouns:
SINGULAR PLURAL

Feminine Feminine

change the ending to “​u​” the ending will remain “​e​”

Possessive pronouns:
FEMININE

SINGULAR PLURAL

Nominative Accusative Nominative Accusative

moja moj​u moje moj​e

tvoja tvoj​u tvoje tvoj​e

njegova njegov​u njegove njegov​e

njena njen​u njene njen​e

naša naš​u naše naš​e

vaša vaš​u vaše vaš​e

njihova njihov​u njihove njihov​e

Demonstrative pronouns:
FEMININE

SINGULAR PLURAL

Nominative Accusative Nominative Accusative

ova ov​u ove ov​e

ta t​u te t​e

ona on​u one on​e

Example:
FEMININE

English Serbian

I bought a ​book​. Kupila sam ​knjig​u​.

I bought ​books​. Kupila sam ​knjig​e​.

I saw a ​woman​. Videla sam ​žen​u​.

I saw ​women​. Videla sam ​žen​e​.

Possessive / Demonstrative Pronouns + Nouns:

FEMININE

English Serbian

I bought ​her book​. Kupila sam ​njen​u​ ​knjig​u​.

I bought ​her books​. Kupila sam ​njen​e​ ​knjig​e​.

I saw ​that woman ​{yesterday}. Videla sam ​tu​ ž​ enu ​{juče}.

I saw ​those women ​{yesterday}. Videla sam ​te​ ž​ ene ​{juče}.

Instrumental: 
- with who, with what
- sa kim, sa čim

Personal pronouns:
English Singular English Plural

with me sa mnom with us sa nama

with you sa tobom with you sa vama

with him sa njim

with her sa njom with them sa njima

with it sa njim

Example:
English Serbian

I am ​with you​. Ja sam​ ​sa tobom​.

You are ​with me​. Ti si ​sa mnom​.

She is ​with us​. Ona je ​sa nama​.

He is ​with them​. On je ​sa njima​.

Masculine
Nouns:
SINGULAR PLURAL

Endings Rules Rules

j,lj,nj,đ,ć,č,ž,š add “​em​”

add “​ima​”
the rest of the words add “​om​”

Possessive pronouns:
MASCULINE

SINGULAR PLURAL

Nominative Instrumental English Nominative Instrumental English

moj sa moj​im with my moji sa moj​im with my

tvoj sa tvoj​im with your tvoji sa tvoj​im with your

njegov sa njegov​im with his njegovi sa njegov​im with his

njen sa njen​im with her njeni sa njen​im with her

naš sa naš​im with our naši sa naš​im with our

vaš sa vaš​im with your vaši sa vaš​im with your

njihov sa njihov​im with their njihovi sa njihov​im with their

Demonstrative pronouns:
MASCULINE

SINGULAR PLURAL

Nominative Instrumental English Nominative Instrumental English

ovaj sa ov​im with this ovi sa ov​im with this

taj sa t​im with that ti sa t​im with that

onaj sa on​im with that oni sa on​im with that

Example:
MASCULINE

English Serbian

I bought a computer ​with a phone​. Kupila sam kompjuter ​sa telefon​om​.

I bought a computer ​with phones​. Kupila sam kompjuter ​sa telefon​ima​.

I saw a singer ​with the driver​. Videla sam pevača ​sa vozač​em​.

I saw a singer ​with the drivers​. Videla sam pevača ​sa vozač​ima​.

Possessive / Demonstrative Pronouns + Nouns:

MASCULINE

English Serbian

I bought a computer ​with that phone​. Kupila sam kompjuter ​sa t​im​ telefon​om​.

I bought a computer ​with those phones​. Kupila sam kompjuter ​sa t​im ​telefon​ima​.

I saw a singer ​with his driver​. Videla sam pevača ​sa njegov​im​ vozač​em​.

I saw a singer ​with his drivers​. Videla sam pevača ​sa njegov​im​ vozač​ima​.
Feminine
Nouns:
SINGULAR PLURAL

add “​om​” add “​ama​”

Possessive pronouns:
FEMININE

SINGULAR PLURAL

Nominative Instrumental English Nominative Instrumental English

moja sa moj​om with my moje sa moj​im with my

tvoja sa tvoj​om with your tvoje sa tvoj​im with your

njegova sa njegov​om with his njegove sa njegov​im with his

njena sa njen​om with her njene sa njen​im with her

naša sa naš​om with our naše sa naš​im with our

vaša sa vaš​om with your vaše sa vaš​im with your

njihova sa njihov​om with their njihove sa njihov​im with their

Demonstrative pronouns:
FEMININE

SINGULAR PLURAL

Nominative Instrumental English Nominative Instrumental English

ova sa ov​om with this ove sa ov​im with this

ta sa t​om with that te sa t​im with that

ona sa on​om with that one sa on​im with that

Example:
FEMININE

English Serbian

I bought a book ​with a spoon​. Kupila sam knjigu ​sa kašik​om​.

I bought a book ​with spoons​. Kupila sam​ k​ njigu ​sa kašik​ama​.

I saw a woman ​with a mother​. Videla sam ženu ​sa majk​om​.

I saw a woman ​with the mothers​. Videla sam ženu ​sa majk​ama​.

Possessive / Demonstrative Pronouns + Nouns:

FEMININE

English Serbian

I bought a book ​with that spoon​. Kupila sam knjigu ​sa t​om​ kašik​om​.

I bought a book ​with those spoons​. Kupila sam​ k​ njigu ​sa t​im ​kašik​ama​.

I saw a woman ​with her mother​. Videla sam ženu ​sa njen​om​ majk​om​.

I saw a woman ​with her sisters​. Videla sam ženu ​sa njen​im​ sestr​ama​.