Leergedeelte 1.

3:
Vektorvergelykings
Study Section 1.3:
Vector equations
 Voorstelling van vektore in ℝ𝑛𝑛.
Representation of vectors in ℝ𝑛𝑛.
 Vektoroptelling en skalaarvermenigvuldiging in ℝ𝑛𝑛
Vector addition and scalar multiplication in ℝ𝑛𝑛.
 Die voorstelling van vektore in ℝ2 en ℝ3
Representation of vectors in ℝ2 and ℝ3.
 Begrippe: lineêre kombinasie, span en
onderspannende versameling - meetkundige
interpretasie.
Concepts: linear combination, span and spanning
set – geometrical interpretation.
 ‘n Matriks met slegs een kolom word ‘n
kolomvektor genoem, of net ‘n vektor.
A matrix with only one column is called a
column vector, or simply a vector.
 ‘n Voorbeeld van ‘n vektor met 2 inskrywings is
An example of a vector with two entries is
 w1 
w= 
 w2  , 𝑤𝑤1 en 𝑤𝑤2 enige reële getalle
where 𝑤𝑤1 and 𝑤𝑤2 are any real numbers.
 Versameling van alle vektore met 2 inskrywings
word aangedui met ℝ2.
The set of all vectors with 2 entries is denoted
by ℝ2.
 Gelykheid: 𝑢𝑢 = 𝒗𝒗 as en slegs as alle
ooreenstemmende inskrywings gelyk is.
Equality: 𝑢𝑢 = 𝑣𝑣 if and only if all
corresponding entries are equal
 Som 𝒖𝒖 + 𝒗𝒗 / Sum 𝒖𝒖 + 𝒗𝒗:
Tel ooreenstemmende inskrywings van 𝒖𝒖 en 𝒗𝒗
bymekaar.
Add corresponding entries of 𝒖𝒖 and 𝒗𝒗.
 Skalaarvermenigvuldiging: Kry 𝑐𝑐𝒖𝒖 deur elke
inskrywing van 𝒖𝒖 met 𝑐𝑐 te vermenigvuldig.
Scalar multiplication: Find 𝑐𝑐𝒖𝒖 by
multiplying each entry of 𝒖𝒖 by scalar 𝑐𝑐.
 Vir alle 𝒖𝒖, 𝒗𝒗, 𝒘𝒘 in ℝ𝑛𝑛 en alle skalare 𝑐𝑐 en 𝑑𝑑:
 For all 𝒖𝒖, 𝒗𝒗, 𝒘𝒘 in ℝ𝑛𝑛 and all scalars 𝑐𝑐 and 𝑑𝑑:

beteken
waar/
 As vektore 𝒗𝒗1, 𝒗𝒗2, … 𝒗𝒗𝑝𝑝, in ℝ𝑛𝑛 en skalare 𝑐𝑐1, 𝑐𝑐2, … 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 ,
gegee is, word die vektor 𝒚𝒚 gedefinieer deur
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑐𝑐1𝒗𝒗1 + … + 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝𝒗𝒗𝑝𝑝
‘n lineêre kombinasie van 𝒗𝒗1, 𝒗𝒗2, … 𝒗𝒗𝑝𝑝 met
gewigte 𝑐𝑐1, … , 𝑐𝑐𝑝𝑝 genoem

ℝ
wat