Introduction

Hyperspectral Remote Sensing refers to the imaging of scene over large number of discrete,
contiguous spectral bands (0.4 – 2.5 μm) such that a complete reflectance spectrum can be
obtained for the region being imaged. The Hyperspectral data sets are generally composed
of about 100 to 200 spectral bands of relatively narrow bandwidths (5-10nm). It is typically
represented as a data cube with spatial information in the X-Y plane and spectral information
in the Z-direction.

DATA INFORMATION
The Hyperspectral Data used is EO-1 Hyperion. The Hyperion product consists of a
metadata file (.MET), an HDF datasets file (L1R), (which includes image data, spectral
centre wavelengths, spectral bandwidths, gain coefficients and a flag mask). Hyperion is a
hyperspectral instrument on the Earth-Observing 1 (EO-1) spacecraft that was launched
from Vandenberg Air Force Base on November 21, 2000. (Here I am sharing the subset of
L1R file as the file was very big)

The data used for this exercise is Hyperion image, which contains 242 bands, of
Dehradun area for the year 2006.
HOW TO READ DATA?
Go to File - open image file- select file - HDF data selection - select .L1R file –

ok.

Displaying the image in False colour composite (FCC) and Gray Scale
Available bands list window - check RGB button then select bands (R: 40, G: 30, B:
20) for viewing False Color Composite (FCC) of the data.
Now check grey scale button and observe all 242 bands of the data one by one. It is
observed that some bands appear completely black or white as they are uncalibrated
and do not contain any information. Note down these band numbers. Removal of
these bands is important for further processing.
HOW TO REMOVE UNCALIBRATED BANDS?
For resizing the data, follow below mentioned steps:
Basic tools - resize data – select file – spectral subset
File spectral subset window will appear. Now unselect all uncalibrated bands. Click
ok and save output file in your own directory. This will be spectrally subset image will
be used for further processing.

Now open subset_spec and observe image carefully. The dark vertical lines which
have remained intact were removed in this section. Right click on the image and
select courser location value. This will show the values of pixel where courser is
placed. Observe the values of these bad columns. These pixels have lower DN
values as compared to their neighboring pixels.
 By selecting pixel locator, courser can be
moved pixel by pixel in the image so that
exact column number of the bad column
can be known.

HOW TO REMOVE BAD COLUMNS?

These pixels of each bad column can be corrected by replacing their DN values with
the average DN values of their immediate left and right neighboring pixels.
In the viewer window go to Tools – Special Pixel Editor – Options – replace
selected column with average and save these changes to file.

Replace all bad columns one by one for all bands.

Generating Hyperspectral Data Cubes.

From the ENVI main menu bar, select spectralbuild 3D Cube
The Input File dialog appears -Select an input file click OK

For the 3D Cube RGB Face Input Bands dialog appears.

Select the RGB bands to place on the face of the image cube by clicking on the desired
bands click OK
The 3D Cube Parameters dialog appears

Enter a value for Spectral Scale to apply a multiplier to the pixel dimensions of side and top.
Enter a Border value to modify the number of border background pixels surrounding the
output image - click OK
See the image data cube formed by data.