__BOOK – 11 LESSON - 1____

GRAMMAR:

1) STILL / ANYLONGER / ANYMORE :

I am still staying at home. My mother doesn’t live with us any longer.

I am still not working. Robert doesn’t teach any longer.
Are you still staying at home. I don’t want to teach anymore.
Does he still teach in the same school. They aren’t neighbors anymore.

He has questions no more. He lives here no longer.

He doesn’t have questions anymore. He doesn’t live here any longer.

2) PRESENT PERFECT TENSE : Have / Has + V3

1. I have taught English to my students since 1987 here.
( Geçmişte başlamış, bugün devam eden ve bir süre daha devam edecek olay ve durumlarda)
2. I have just finished doing my homework.
Ed has already had dinner.( he has just finished eating.)
( Henüz yeni bitmiş ve konuşma anında etkisini sürdüren olaylarda)
3. This is the first time I have been in Turkey.
I have never made a mistake like that in my life.
( Bugün’e kadar yapılmış yada hiç yapılmamış olaylarda kullanılır.)

I have already done my homework. SINCE / FOR : for 2 days, for three hours, for five years.....
I haven’t done my homework yet. Since 1991, since yesterday, since I was born.
( Yet olumsuzlarda kullanılır.) What has Walter had since he swam in the river?
(Since ile bir cümlecik kurulduğunda, simple past olmalıdır

3) HOW LONG :

- How long did you study for the test? - How long have they been married?
- How long were you in the class? - How long has Harry owned that car?
- How long is the flight to New York? - How long will they be on vacation?

4) PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE : Have/Has been + Ving

- I have been sitting here over an hour. - Has Larry been sleeping all afternoon.
- She has been studying since 06:00. - How have you been getting to work this week.
- He has been swimming for 45 minutes. - I haven’t been counting it.

PS : I have been in Turkey for five years. (Halen Türkiyede isek in kullanırız.)
I have been to Turkey. (Artık Türkiyede yaşamıyorsak, başka bir yerde bulunduğumuzu
söylüyorsak to kullanırız.)
__BOOK – 11 LESSON - 2____
GRAMMAR:

1) SOMEONE / NO ONE / ANYONE :

Someone wants to speak to you on the phone. Anybody can learn another language.
Somebody forgot to put gas in the car. I didn’t know anyone at the party last night.
Can someone please take this book to the library? Can anyone give me a ride home after class?
Has somebody been using my pen without asking me Was anybody in the office when you got there?

olumlu cümlelerde ve sorularda olumlu / olumsuz cümlelerde ve sorularda

No one wants to leave before the general does.

The wather was awful; nobody got to work on time.

(+) cümlede kullanılır ancak anlamı (-) yapar

2) BECOME / GET :
Most captains become majors.(Noun)
The homework became / got confusing.(Adj)

- The major becomes very angry. - The movie gets more interesting near the end.
- The children became tired of sightseeing. - He got sick.
- He will become a captain on Monday. - I think it will get easier

3) WHO / WHICH / THAT :

I remember the clerk who / that sold me the radio.

I am buying the jacket which / that has the gold buttons.

Subject of the verb.

We liked the movie which/ that we saw last night on TV:

Can you see the girl who/ that he is talking to there.

Object of the verb. ( you can omit)

The driver who/ that just passed us was speeding. Zaman uyumu aranmaz.
The truck which/ that is in the parking lot is Bob’s.
BOOK – 11 LESSON - 3
GRAMMAR:

1) TOO.........TO....:

TOO + ADJECTIVE + FOR + NOUN/PRONOUN + INFINITIVE

The day is too short to study all of my lessons. It is too late to go to the movie, now.
Nelson was too sick to go to work yesterday. She was too upset to enjoy the party.
It is too small for Ken to wear (this shirt)- repitation.

2) INFINITIVE : Called TO TALK

We didn’t stay to watch all of the show. Don’t use a pen to mark the answer sheet.
Did Ken go to the mall to meet his friends? He went to talk the major.
Harry is moving to Arizona to start a new job. She came to pay a bill.
.
3) THE SUFFIX ---Y :

Cloud – Cloudy Rain – Rainy Grease – Greasy Fun – Funny

Leak – Leaky Salt – Salty Noise – Noisy Sun – Sunny
Oil – Oily Snow – Snowy Ice – Icy
Soap – Soapy Storm – Stormy Water – Watery

- There was too much salt in the beans. - There was ice on the roads yesterday
Was the soup too salty? The roads in the mountains were very icy.
- The children have soap on their hands. - There weren’t any clouds in the sky .
Their hands are soapy. The sky wasn’t cloudy
 .
__BOOK – 11 LESSON - 4____
GRAMMAR:

1)COULD / COULDN’T = WAS ABLE TO :

I could run when I was younger, but I can’t now. How well could you hear the instructor?
Could Harry repair the motor? What could Sarah eat while she was sick?
No he couldn’t. He didn’t have the right tools.

2) INDIRECT ( REPORTED ) SPEECH :

Jan : I'm out of money. Linda: Bob, I love this show.

Jim : I have some cash. Linda told Bob (that) she loved this show.
* * * Ron: Ms. Garza, I can’t answer this question.
Jan told Jim (that) she was out of money Ron told Ms. Garza he couldn’t answer the question.
Jim told Jan (that) he had some cash.
I told Jan I had some cash. Sgt. Bolt: Amn. Baker, the barracks aren’t clean.
Sgt. Bolt told Amn. Baker the barracks weren’t clean.

3)PREPOSITION OF TIME :

AT / at noon, at midnight, at 7:30 a.m. BEFORE / AFTER /

at the age of twelve Before noon, before December 31, before the game
at night, at first, at last After 5:00 p.m., after April 15, after dinner.
at the beginning, at the end.
FROM (TO/ TILL/ UNTIL) /
ON / on Monday, on your birthday From 1985 to 1993, from May 1 until June 15
on schedule, on October 18, on time From 10:00 a.m. till 5:30 p.m.
on the evening of June 8
UNTIL/ TILL /
IN / in ten minutes, in a hour, in two years. Until next Friday, till next week.
in a week, in the end, in the beginning Until 1987, till August 2
in October, in the evening, in time Until 10:00 p.m., till midnight

on time – tam zamanında AFTER / after six months, after thirty years.
in time – zamanından önce FOR / for half an hour, for two weeks, for one year
SINCE / since Sunday, since 6:00 this morning, since 1988

PS: at the school : okulda, okul civarında ama şimdi oradamı, değil mi bilemem.
In the school : okulun içinde

In the beginning,………
In the beginning of the story,…….. ( somut bir şey var)