Chapter 4 Makmak Gods 1

Republic of the Philippines
CARAGA Administrative Region

Tandag City Division
JACINTO P. ELPA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Capitol Hills, Telaje, Tandag City
Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter includes the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data gathered.
The sequence of the discussion for this chapter is based on how the problems are set in
chapter one.
Table 1. Distribution of the Respondents as to their Demographic Profile.
Profile Category Frequency Percentage Rank

15-19 233 75.90% 1
Age 20-24 72 23.45% 2
(Years old) 25-29 2 0.65% 3
Total 307 100%
Male 236 76.87 1
Sex Female 71 23.13 2
Total 307 100%
Grade 11 160 52.12% 1
Grade Level Grade 12 147 47.88% 2
Total 307 100%
It can be gleamed from the table above that most of the respondents are with the age
of 15-19 which garnered 75.90% of the total population. And the least have an age of about
25-29. Therefore, most respondents of the questionnaire were the age of 15-19 with 75.90%.
This implies that the majority of the students are in a timely year when they have enrolled in
the Senior High School and young ages are more of be easily influence of smoking cigarettes.
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The table above shows the profile of the respondents in terms of sex. The result
reveals that the bulk of the respondents are male which comprises 76.87% of the population.
Men in general, are believed to have higher approach to be more of a user of cigarettes than
women (Baumeister et.al, 2017). It shows that majority of the respondents are male because
they are more of having so much time to hang out with friends and can easily adopt smoking
cigarettes.
Out of the 307 students who were interviewed 52.12% were Grade 11 while the least
were Grade 12, 47.88%. Therefore, these results show that Grade 11 were more of active
participants than Grade 12 in term of having survey inside the school.
Table 2. Common Reasons of the Students
Weighted
Indicator Verbal Description
Mean
1. 4.03 Agree
2. 3.82 Agree
3. 4.50 Strongly Agree
4. 3.97 Agree
5. 4.15 Agree
7. 3.88 Agree
8. 4.06 Agree
Overall Mean 4.15 Agree
As shown in the table, the highest general weighted mean 4.50 fell on the item 3 and
6, “Claim for independence” and “Satisfy feeling of belongings”, interpreted as “Strongly
Agree”. The least general weighted average of 3.82 fell on item 2, “Relieve on stress”,
interpreted as “Agree”.
2
The overall mean says “Agree” with weighted mean of 4.15. It means that the
students have knowledge about the common reasons why people do smoke.
Table 3. Level of Awareness
Weighted
Indicator Verbal Description
Mean
1. 4.12 Very Aware
2. 3.82 Very Aware
3. 4.21 Extremely Aware
4. 4.15 Very Aware
5. 4.06 Very Aware
6. 3.68 Very Aware
7. 3.49 Very Aware
8. 3.96 Very Aware
10. 4.18 Very Aware
11. 4.19 Very Aware
13. 4.01 Very Aware
15. 4.15 Very Aware
16. 4.06 Very Aware
17. 4.10 Very Aware
Overall Mean 4.10 Very Aware
As shown in the table, the highest general weighted mean 4.56 fell on the item 20,
“Do you understand that cigarette smoking can affect both yourself among others”,
interpreted as “Extremely Aware”. The least general weighted average of 3.49 fell on item 7,
“Have you ever received help or advice to help you stop smoking cigarette”, interpreted as
“Very Aware”.
3
The overall mean says “Very Aware” with weighted mean of 4.10. It means that the
students are aware of the things that they may happen once they smoke. However, we cannot
invalidate the fact that most of the students especially boys are smoking.
Table #. Statistical Interpretation of Data using a 5-Point Scale.
Scale Range Verbal Description

Extremely Aware/Strongly
5 4.20 – 5.00
Agree
4 3.40 – 4.19 Very Aware/Agree
3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Aware/Neutral
2 1.80 – 2. 59 Slightly Aware/Disagree
1 1.00 – 1.79 Not Aware/Strongly Disagree
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5
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents a summary of the study including the findings, the
conclusions drawn from the findings, and the researcher’s recommendations.
Summary
See to it that the summary of findings is presented in a concise/brief manner.
First, write the general objective of your study followed by a short description of your
research method (research design, sampling technique, and data analysis) that will
be caried out to attain or to answer your main question.
Findings
The following findings are obtained based on the analysis and interpretation of
data.
1. Findings, in sentence case, should be written in bold right after the
summary. It has no section number since it is a part of the summary. The title will
then be followed by a short introductory sentence such as “The following findings are
obtained based on the analysis and interpretation of data”.
6
2. Findings are the results of your analysis in Chapter 4. Each finding should
be in order based on how you presented them in the previous chapter. You should
not repeat what you have written in the previous chapter. Instead, rephrase each of
them in a direct, clear, and concise sentence(s).
3. Each finding should be numbered, sentence case, and flash left.
Conclusions
Based on the findings above, the following conclusions are drawn:
1. Keep in mind that in drawing conclusions it should be based on the
results/findings of your study (i.e. given one or two or more findings for research
problem number one, what conclusion/s can you derive).
2. Conclusions are not just repeating your findings but abstractions of the
summary of findings.
3. Numerical values (e.g. mean, standard deviation, t value, F ratio, etc.)
should no longer be reported in this chapter since they have already been presented
in the previous chapter.
4. See to it that your conclusions are tied to the research questions of your
study.
5. Like the findings, each conclusion should be numbered, sentence case,
and flash left.
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The conclusion section should begin with a short introductory sentence.
Example “Based on the findings above, the following conclusions are drawn:”.
Recommendations
As synthesized from the findings and conclusions, the following
recommendations were made:
1. Like the findings and conclusions, recommendations should be numbered,
sentence case, and flash left. The recommendation section should begin with a short
introductory sentence. Example “As synthesized from the findings and conclusions,
the following recommendations were made:”.
2. Aside from recommendations, you can also give the implications or
possible applications of the results of your study.
3. You can also suggest future research possibilities vis-a-vis research you
conducted.

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Republic of the Philippines

CARAGA Administrative Region

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Table 1. Distribution of the Respondents as to their Demographic Profile.

Profile Category Frequency Percentage Rank

participants than Grade 12 in term of having survey inside the school.

Table 2. Common Reasons of the Students

6, “Claim for independence” and “Satisfy feeling of belongings”, interpreted as “Strongly

Table 3. Level of Awareness

Table #. Statistical Interpretation of Data using a 5-Point Scale.

Scale Range Verbal Description

3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Aware/Neutral

2 1.80 – 2. 59 Slightly Aware/Disagree

1 1.00 – 1.79 Not Aware/Strongly Disagree

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

conclusions drawn from the findings, and the researcher’s recommendations.

See to it that the summary of findings is presented in a concise/brief manner.

be caried out to attain or to answer your main question.

1. Findings, in sentence case, should be written in bold right after the

obtained based on the analysis and interpretation of data”.

them in a direct, clear, and concise sentence(s).

3. Each finding should be numbered, sentence case, and flash left.

Based on the findings above, the following conclusions are drawn:

1. Keep in mind that in drawing conclusions it should be based on the

problem number one, what conclusion/s can you derive).

3. Numerical values (e.g. mean, standard deviation, t value, F ratio, etc.)

in the previous chapter.

5. Like the findings, each conclusion should be numbered, sentence case,

and flash left.

The conclusion section should begin with a short introductory sentence.

As synthesized from the findings and conclusions, the following

recommendations were made:

1. Like the findings and conclusions, recommendations should be numbered,

the following recommendations were made:”.

2. Aside from recommendations, you can also give the implications or

possible applications of the results of your study.

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