CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS DATA

This part of the research is the presentation of the results of the

study. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire. In this
section, four sub-topics shall be discussed namely, (i) the socio-
demographic profile of the respondents, (ii) the use of social media (iii)
the status of the well-being of the respondents (iv) the relationship
between independent and dependent variables.
Part 1 Socio-demographic Profile of the Respondents

In this section, the socio-demographic characteristics of the

respondents are discussed. The importance of this study is for
profiling. Form Plus (2023) cited the following importance of describing
the socio-demographics of respondents: (i) it will help get an idea who
is answering the survey; (ii) have the confidence that the sample
population is the right people to be included in the study, and (iii) to
ensure that the intended subgroups are fairly represented in the
study.
Table 1

Distribution of the respondents according to age, sex, and civil status N=116
Variables Frequency % Share
Age Range
18-22 98 84
23-27 11 9
28-32 5 4
33-37 1 1
38 and above 1 1
Sex
Female 104 90
Male 12 10
Civil Status
Single 112 97
Married 4 3
 Table 1. shows the profile of respondents in terms of their age,

sex, and civil status. As shown in the table above, the highest age

bracket is between 18-22 years old. This implies that most of the

respondents are at the middle and legal age. The study also showed

that female dominates the majority of the respondents. Royall (2020)

found that females are more likely to respond to surveys. In terms of

civil status, almost all of the respondents are single.

Part 2 The use of social media

This portion of the report is an assessment of Facebook,

Messenger, and YouTube in the Yllana Bay View College by the
respondents. 3 tables correspond to the said assessment. The table of
Facebook consists of 6 statements while the rest tables consist of 5
statements.

Table 2.1

Assessment on the use of Facebook

Statements Mean AE
1. Spent many hours reading comments about my post. 3.70 High
2. I used Facebook sites to share pictures. 3.74 High
3. I used Facebook sites for reading news. 3.83 High
4. I spend more time on Facebook than reading my books. 3.66 High
5. I always updated my status on Facebook. 3.53 High
6. I also spend hours making comments on pictures of others. 3.12 Moderate
Overall mean 3.60 High
4.21 – 5.00 – very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 – 1.80- very low
 As reflected in table 2.1 statement no.3 where it was mentioned
that “I used Facebook sites for reading news” got the highest mean of
3.85. In contrast, statement no.6 where it was mentioned that “I also
spend hours making comments on pictures of others” got the lowest
mean of 3.12. The overall mean is 3.60 which indicates that it is highly
used.
As of 2023, Facebook is the largest social media platform
globally with 3.03 billion monthly active users worldwide. There
were 87,400,000 Facebook users in the Philippines in January 2023,
which accounted for 74.8% of its entire population. The majority of
them were women - 53.4%. People aged 18 to 24 were the largest user
group (26 600 000).
According to the study of Al-Menayes (2018), Facebook usage
has a significant effect on academic performance. The findings
indicated that the time students allocated using Facebook and other
social media sites affected their performance negatively.

Table 2.2

Assessment on the utilization of Messenger

Statements Mean AE
1. I have so many group chats. 3.85 High
2. I love calling people through Messenger. 3.54 High
3. Most of the time I spent reading messengers in my messenger. 3.57 High
4. I am not bothered by so many messages because I love reading
chats from friends and strangers. 3.49 High
5. I love watching stories through Messenger. 3.30 Moderate
Overall mean 3.55 High
4.21 – 5.00 - very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 – 1.80- very
low

As shown in the table of messenger statement number 1, which

stated that “I have so many group chats” got the highest mean of 3.85.
On the other hand, statement number 5, which stated that “I love
watching stories” got the lowest mean of 3.30. The overall mean of the
assessment of the messenger is 3.55 which is interpreted as high.
Based on the study of Bobrov (2018), Messenger is the number
one messaging application in 64 countries due to the advanced
features that users like and need, the said platform is mainly used by
students rather than email or mobile phones during academic
consultations.

Table 2.3

Assessment on the utilization of YouTube

Statements Mean AE
1. I spent hours watching videos on YouTube. 3.34 Moderate
2. I spend hours watching videos on YouTube. 3.18 Moderate
3. I normally watch instructional videos rather than reading. 3.25 Moderate
4. I spent hours commenting on reviews about YouTube videos. 3.87 High
5. I waste my time playing video games. 3.02 Moderate
Overall mean 3.13 Moderate
4.21 – 5.00 - very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 – 1.80- very
low

As reflected in the table, statement 5 where it was mentioned

that the “ministry posted hotlines on the wall of the center building to
be contacted,” got the highest mean of 4.68. In contrast, statement no.
2 where it was mentioned that the “booklet/tract about child
protection is easy to understand,” got the lowest mean of only 3.12.
The overall mean on the assessment of the child protection program is
4.28 which indicates that the child protection program is highly
implemented.
YouTube has around 2.9 billion monthly active users worldwide
in 2024. It is expected to gain 200 million more users or a user growth
of 6.89% from 2024 to 2025. With an estimated 61 million users,
YouTube has undoubtedly captured the Filipino audience, who spend
most of their time watching online videos and vlogs.
As stated by Kevin Caratiquit (2022) in Cagayan de Oro states
that this study aimed to improve learners' academic performance in
Computer Troubleshooting and Repair Techniques at Lal-lo National
High School by using YouTube videos with teacher-made learning
activity sheets as supplementary materials.

Part 3 Status of the Well-being of the Respondents

In this section, the research will present the results of the survey
on the assessment of the well-being of the respondents which includes
(i) mental, (ii) physical, (iii) social, (iv) emotional, and (v) academic well-
being the result is based on the responses using Likert scaling.

Table 3.1

Assessment on the Mental being of the respondents

Statements Mean AE
1. I have experienced depression for the past months. 3.62 High
2. I have experienced some kind of anxiety for the past months. 3.56 High
3. I usually overthink. 3.96 High
4. I experienced sleepless nights because I was mentally disturbed. 3.84 High
Overall mean 3.75 High
4.21 – 5.00 - very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 – 1.80- very
low

Table 3.1 is an assessment of the mental well-being of the

respondents. Based on the statement, the highest mean stated that “I
usually overthink.” got the highest mean of 3.96, and the lowest one is
statement number 2, which stated “I have experienced some kind of
anxiety for the past months.” got the lowest mean of 3.56. The overall
mean of the assessment of the mental well-being statement is 3.75
which is interpreted as highly affected.
 According to the study of Alanna McCrory et. al, (2019),
the scoping review maps existing literature that has published
evidence about highly visual social media, specifically its psychological
impact on young people. Nine electronic databases and grey literature
from 2010 until March 2019 were reviewed for articles describing any
aspect of visual social media, young people, and their mental health.

Table 3.2

Assessment on the physical well-being of the respondents

Statements Mean AE
1. I have trouble with my eyesight. 3.48 High
2. I feel drowsy most of the time. 3.30 High
3. I usually overthink. 3.41 High
4. I experienced back pains. 3.61 High
5. I experienced headaches many times. 3.96 High
6. I experienced stomach pain many times these days. 3.51 High
Overall mean 3.75 High
4.21 – 5.00 - very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 – 1.80- very low

This part shows that statement number 5, which stated that “I

experienced headaches many times” got the highest mean of 3.95. In
contrast, statement number 2, which stated “I feel drowsy most of the
time.” got the lowest mean of 3.30. The overall mean of the assessment
is 3.55 which is interpreted as high.
According to J. Environ. Res. Public Health (2021) social media
could have an impact on this effort because of its enormous reach,
potentially addressing underserved populations in need of physical
activity (PA) interventions. This scoping review provides a broad
overview of social media-based interventions and systematically maps
the evidence regarding their effectiveness for PA promotion and other
health outcomes. Scopus and Medline were searched using the terms
“physical activity” and “social media” and the names of key social
media platforms.
Table 3.3

Assessment of the emotional well-being of the respondents

Statements Mean AE
1. I experienced an emotional breakdown. 3.77 High
2. I feel depressed for the past months. 3.63 High
3. I feel alone most of the time. 3.59 High
4. Sometimes I feel I need to commit suicide. 3.23 Moderate
5. I experienced more stress these days than before. 3.61 High
Overall mean 3.57 High
4.21 – 5.00 - very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 –
1.80- very low

3.3. The table shows that statement number 1 stated that “I

experienced an emotional breakdown.” got the highest mean of 3.77.
On the other hand, statement number 3, which stated “Sometimes I
feel I need to commit suicide.” got the lowest mean of 3.27. The overall
mean of the assessment is 3.57 which is interpreted as high.

According to Hyvärinen, Hissu Beck, and Roman (2018)

emotions are an inseparable part of how people use social media.
While a more cognitive view on social media has initially dominated the
research looking into areas such as knowledge sharing, the topic of
emotions and their role on social media is gaining increasing interest.
Table 3.4

Social

Statements Mean AE
1. I became less sociable. 3.25 Moderate
2. I hate going to social gatherings. 3.28 Moderate
3. I love to be alone. 3.75 High
4. I have difficulty to make a new friend. 3.85 High
5. I prefer to connect virtually rather than talking with a person
personally. 3.50 High
Overall mean 3.53 High
4.21 – 5.00 - very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 – 1.80- very
low

3.4. The data shows that statement number 4, which stated “I

have difficulty making a new friend.” got the highest mean of 3.85.
Moreover, statement number 2, which stated “I hate going to social
gatherings.” got the lowest mean of 3.28. The overall mean of the
assessment of the mental statement is 3.53 which is interpreted as
high.
In the study of Elizabeth A. Boyle in Mexico, (2021) she stated
that the growth in social media use has given rise to concerns about
the impacts it may have on users' psychological well-being. This
paper's main objective is to shed light on the effect of social media use
on psychological well-being. Building on contributions from various
fields in the literature, it provides a more comprehensive study of the
phenomenon by considering a set of mediators, including social capital
types (i.e., bonding social capital and bridging social capital), social
isolation, and smartphone addiction.
Table 3.4

Academic

Statements Mean AE
1. I become more informed. 3.63 High
2. I have a poor academic life. 3.33 Moderate
3. I usually submit school assignments late. 2.92 Moderate
4. I have poor performance in my reports. 3.03 Moderate
5. I come to school late most of the time. 2.83 Moderate
Overall mean 3.15 Moderate
4.21 – 5.00 - very high, 3.41 – 4.20 - high, 2.61 – 3.40- Moderate, 1.81 – 2.60 - low, 1.00 – 1.80- very
low

3.5. This part shows that statement number 1, which stated that
“I become more informed” got the highest mean of 3.63. On the other
hand, statement number 5, stated “I come to school late most of the
time.” Got the lowest mean of 2.83. The overall mean of the
assessment is 3.15 which is interpreted as moderate.
According to Raquel Gilar-Corbi in Spain, (2019) states that
Academic performance is among the several components of academic
success. Many factors, including socioeconomic status, student
temperament and motivation, peer, and parental support influence
academic performance. Our study aims to investigate the determinants
of academic performance, emphasizing the role of parental styles in
adolescent students in Peshawar, Pakistan.
Part 4 Relationship between Social Media Usage and Well-being
This part of the research is the presentation of the statistical
treatment. The calculation includes the mean value, standard
deviation, the p-value, and the Pearson-r.

Table 4.1

Table 4.1

Relationship between social media and the well-being of the respondents

Social Media usage Mental Physical Emotional Social Academic
Facebook Correlation .085 .141* .127 .099 .343**
Coefficient
Sig. (2- .213 .037 .058 .144 .000
tailed)
Messenger Correlation .068 .130 .108 .136* .202**
Coefficient
Sig. (2- .316 .054 .109 .043 .003
tailed)
You tube Correlation -.005 .018 .023 .104 .357**
Coefficient
Sig. (2- .940 .784 .727 .122 .000
tailed)
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Kendal tau b Quantitative Description
Less than + 0.10 Very Weak Correlation
+ 0.10 – + 0.19 Weak Correlation
+ 0.20 – + 0.29 Moderate Correlation
+ 0.30 and above Strong Correlation

In the table above between Facebook and the following well–

being attributes, Facebook has a higher correlation value with
academics, which means given the correlation coefficient of 0.343,
there is a moderate positive relationship between Facebook usage and
academic performance. This suggests that individuals who spend more
time on Facebook tend to have slightly better academic performance.
The low p-value (0.000) indicates that the observed correlation
between Facebook usage and academic performance is statistically
significant.
This suggests that the relationship between Facebook usage and
academic performance is unlikely to be due to random chance. On the
other hand, in the Messenger app vs. the following well–being
attributes, Messenger has a higher correlation value with academics
than the rest. This means that given the correlation coefficient of
0.202, there is a moderately positive relationship between the use of
the Messenger app and academic performance.

This suggests that individuals who use the Messenger app more
frequently tend to have slightly better academic performance. The low
p-value (0.003) indicates that the observed correlation between the use
of the Messenger app and academic performance is statistically
significant. Just like the relationship between the Facebook app and
academics, this suggests that the relationship between these variables
is unlikely to be due to random chance.
Moreover, between the YouTube app vs. the following well–being
attributes, the YouTube app has a higher correlation value with
academics than the rest. This means given the correlation coefficient of
0.357, there is a moderate positive relationship between the use of the
YouTube app and academic performance. This suggests that
individuals who use the YouTube app more frequently tend to have
noticeably better academic performance.
Similar to the relationships above, the very low p-value (0.000)
indicates that the observed correlation between the use of the YouTube
app and academic performance is statistically significant. This
suggests that the relationship between these variables is highly
unlikely to be due to random chance.
 Table 4.2 Overall Correlations

Well-being
Correlation Coefficient .206**
Facebook
Sig. (2-tailed) .002
Correlation Coefficient .174**
Messenger
Sig. (2-tailed) .008
YouTube Correlation Coefficient .141*
Sig. (2-tailed) .030
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

Among the three social media applications, Facebook got the

highest among the three. The positive correlation value of 0.206
indicates a weak to moderate positive relationship between Facebook
usage and well-being. This suggests that individuals who use
Facebook more frequently report slightly higher well-being levels.
However, it's important to note that the correlation is not very strong.
The significance level of 0.002 indicates that this correlation is
statistically significant. This suggests that there may indeed be a
meaningful relationship between Facebook usage and well-being,

Correlations
Well-being
Social Media Correlation Coefficient .562**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

although the strength of the relationship is relatively modest.

 In general, social media platforms have a correlation coefficient
of 0.562 suggesting a relatively strong positive correlation between
social media platform usage and well-being. This means that as social
media usage increases, well-being tends to increase as well, and vice
versa. This result shows that the positive correlation suggests that
individuals who use social media more frequently tend to report higher
levels of well-being. This could mean that social media platforms
provide opportunities for social interaction, support networks, and
access to information or resources that contribute to overall well-
being.
The significance level of 0.000 indicates that the observed
correlation is statistically significant. This signifies that the null
hypothesis should be rejected. However, it's essential to recognize that
correlation does not imply causation. While this correlation suggests
an association between social media usage and well-being, it doesn't
necessarily mean that one causes the other.
Additionally, while the correlation is statistically significant, the
magnitude of the correlation coefficient indicates a moderate
relationship, not a very strong one. Therefore, while there is a clear
association, it is essential to interpret that there are other potential
influencing factors that will be the subject of another research.
 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary of the study, the conclusion,

and the recommendations of the researcher. This correlational study
aims to describe the relationship between the independent variable
which is the use of social media and the dependent variable which is
the well-being of the students.

Summary of Findings

The study found that most of the respondents are female with about 90%
of whose age bracket belongs to 18-22 years old. This implies that most of the
respondents are at the middle and legal age. The study also showed that
female dominates the majority of the respondents. Royall (2020) found that
females are more likely to respond to surveys. In terms of civil status, almost
all of the respondents are single.

The use of social media commonly used by the BS social work first-year
block a1, b1, and c1 students of Yllana Bay View College are Facebook,
messenger, and YouTube. Among the 3 applications, Facebook has the highest
overall mean followed by Messenger and the least is YouTube. The overall
result of the calculation showed that the adjectival equivalence of all responses
to social media is agreed which indicated that the respondents used social
media highly affected.

Among the 5 aspects of well-being, mental and physical well-being

have the same overall mean of 3.75 which is interpreted as highly affecting.
Followed by emotional, social, and the least is the academic well-being

Well-being
 There is a correlation coefficient which means there is a significant
relationship between the use of social media and well-being: A correlational
study for the first semester of school year 2023-2024.

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the study, the researchers hereby concluded

that the calculations between dependent and independent variables showed

that there is a strong correlation between social media and the well-being of the

BS Social Work students of Yllana Bay View College: A correlational study.

In this case, the null hypothesis there is no significant relationship

between the use of social media and the well-being of BS social work students

of Yllana Bay View College: A correlational study was rejected and is now in

favor of the alternative hypothesis there is significant relationship between the

use of social media and the well-being of BS social work students of Yllana Bay

View College: A correlational study is accepted.

Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions of this study

1. The researcher recommends that a similar study be conducted using a

quantitative method. In this way, other important insights will be gathered and

included in the analysis.

2. The researchers also recommend that the sample size shall be expanded to

include other sectors. Key informants should be selected properly to get the most
reliable data.

3. It is also recommended that future research need to encourage the creation of

positive online communities within social media platforms.

4. Social media responsibly, promoting balanced use of social media through

offline activities and face-to-face interactions, is recommended.

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