Bantayan Southern Institute

Bantayan, Cebu

Name: Daizy D. Maya Course & Year Level: ___BSED- IIB_

Subject: The Teaching Profession Professor: Mr. Jolieto T. Negre Task #: 2

I. Answer the following questions. (9 points)

1. What is teaching philosophy?
A teaching philosophy is a statement that explains your perspective on teaching and how you
will apply that perspective to your teaching environment. Many college programs require
education students to write a teaching philosophy statement before graduation. It is a way to
organize your thoughts and approach to interacting with students and families and specific ways
you want to facilitate learning.
2. How is teaching philosophy written?
A teaching philosophy should have an introduction, body and the conclusion ( it should includes:
your conception of teaching and learning. a description of how you teach. justification for why
you teach that way.) It should be brief and concise. It should use the first-person present tense
and avoid technical jargon. And the strategies and methods should be discussed.
3. Is teaching philosophy important for a teacher to have?
This is what i'm so curious about as well but I strongly think that is it is very important for a
teacher to have this philosophy. Having a teaching philosophy is important to teachers for
several reasons, such as that it allows the teacher to identify where they are trying to go as well
as to plan how to teach different kinds of learners and discern whether or not they have learned
the material. Teaching philosophy helps the teachers to develop the art of correct reasoning and
ability to identify and avoid fallacies in arguments in their teaching and educational practices. It
also enhances the educator's ability to interpret, understand and influence the prevailing
educational policies and activities. And it enables the teachers to give recommendations for
improvement where educational policies have failed. This is important as they are the
implementers of policies and curriculum.

II. Complete the table by looking for the proponents, defining on how and what to teach, and
the role of the teacher in each teaching philosophy enumerated below. (16 points)

Teaching Philosophy Proponents Definition/Discussion Role of Teacher

(What to teach/How to
teach?
a. Realism Aristotle Realism is the doctrine that
is associated with the study
of the world we live in. It is
a philosophy away from the
world of ideas or spiritual
things. It indicates those
things or events which exist
in the world in its own
Realism is in favour
of training of
teachers before they
involve in teaching.
Realism believes that
teachers should have
full knowledge of the
subject matter,
 right. It opposes the thing
or event which is imaginary
or fictitious. It holds the
view that knowledge
acquired through senses is
true and what we observe
and perceive through our
own senses is real and the
true entity of the world. It
says that physical world is
objective and factual
whereas personal feelings
and desires are subjective
and secondary.
Realism aims to prepare
learners for real and
practical life. It calls for
teaching-learning
methodologies on the basis
of subjects and interests of
the learners. This can be
taught through developing
physical and mental
powers, developing
vocational efficiency,
inductive method and
deductive method.
b. Perennialism Mortimer Adler Perennialism is a teacher-
Jacques Maritain centered educational
Robert Hutchins philosophy that focuses on
everlasting ideas and
universal truths. To clarify,
Perennialism suggests that
the focus of education
should be the ideas that
have lasted for centuries
believing the ideas are as
relevant and meaningful
today as when they were
written. This educational
philosophy aims to prepare
students for life by
developing their
intellectual and moral
qualities through
emphasizing knowledge
and the meaning of
knowledge, servings to
psychology of
learners and the
scientific way of
delivering education.
The teachers must
encourage the
learners to observe
and experiment the
natural objects and
phenomena so that
learners will be able
to find out new facts
with respect of
construction of
knowledge. Teachers
should inform
learners about the
scientific discoveries,
inventions and
researches in
different fields of
knowledge.
Perennailism is a
teacher- centered
philosophy, in which
the teacher is less
concerned with
student interest and
more concerned
with transferring
knowledge from
older generations to
younger generations.
The teacher will
focus on the
importance of
reading and will
often use the
underlying reading
lessons to make a
moral point.
Teachers use history,
religion, literature,
 enhance student’s critical and the laws of
thinking skills in their science to reinforce
search for individual universal ideas that
freedoms, human rights have the potential to
and responsibilities through solve any problem in
nature. The aim of any era.
Perennialism in Education is The role and the goal
to develop power of of a perennialist
thought, internalize truths educator is to teach
that are universal and students to think
constant and to ensure that rationally and
students acquire develop minds that
understanding about the can think critically.
great ideas of Western Teachers are the
civilization. This is the most main actor in this
conservative, traditional, stage.
and flexible philosophy.
Perennailism stimulate
students in how to think
critically and thoughtfully;
cultivating the rational
mind.
c. Existensialism Søren Existentialism is a Existentialist
Kierkegaard, philosophy developed by educators believe
Friedrich Kierkegaard and others. At there is no god or
Nietzsche, and its core it is about rejection higher power guiding
Fyodor of the idea that there is a their students. Thus,
Dostoevsky higher power or god their role is to
controlling our destiny. encourage all
With this knowledge we are students to exercise
liberated to make decisions personal agency and
for ourselves. Existentialism create their own
in education is a teaching meaning for life life.
and learning philosophy
that focuses on the
student’s freedom and
agency to choose their
future. Existentialists
believe that every
individual is unique and
education must cater to the
individual differences.
Therefore, the objective of
education is to enable
every individual to develop
his unique qualities, to
harness his potentialities
and cultivate his
 individualities.
d. Reconstructionism Theodore Reconstructionism is a The goal of
Burghard Hurt philosophical approach that reconstructionist
Brameld questions essentialism and teacher here is to
other rigid and dogmatic help envision the
standpoints. It questions good future and
the existing standards in spend their learning
order to provide new as a preparation for
perspectives to the social, their student's role
political, economical and in the future for
other related issues. which they reach.
Theodore Brameld is This is an idea of
regarded as a founder of change for a better
reconstructionism in educational system.
education along with John
Dewey. Reconstructionism
in philosophy of education
can be understood as
taking education as a
means to bring change in
the dogmatic standards of
society. George Counts
argues that education
prepares people for
creating new social order.
Reconstructionism in
philosophy of education
works at four levels:
teacher, methodology,
curriculum, and student. It
is concerned with ''what
should or can be'' rather
than ''what is
e. Constructivism Jean Piaget Constructivism is the theory The teacher’s role is
that says learners construct to prompt and
knowledge rather than just facilitate discussion.
passively take in Thus, the teacher’s
information. As people main focus should be
experience the world and on guiding students
reflect upon those by asking questions
experiences, they build that will lead them
their own representations to develop their own
and incorporate new conclusions on the
information into their pre- subject.
existing knowledge
(schemas). Constructivism
is an important learning
theory that educators use
 to help their students learn.
Constructivism is based on
the idea that people
actively construct or make
their own knowledge, and
that reality is determined
by your experiences as a
learner. Basically, learners
use their previous
knowledge as a foundation
and build on it with new
things that they learn. So
everyone's individual
experiences make their
learning unique to them.
Furthermore, in the
constructivist classroom,
students work primarily in
groups and learning and
knowledge are interactive
and dynamic. There is a
great focus and emphasis
on social and
communication skills, as
well as collaboration and
exchange of ideas [2]. This
is contrary to the
traditional classroom in
which students work
primarily alone, learning is
achieved through
repetition, and the subjects
are strictly adhered to and
are guided by a textbook.
Some activities encouraged
in constructivist classrooms
are:

Experimentation: students
individually perform an
experiment and then come
together as a class to
discuss the results.
Research projects: students
research a topic and can
present their findings to the
class.
f. Progressivism John Dewey Progressivism is the belief Teachers should act
 that education should focus as facilitators in a
on the whole child, rather classroom where
than on the content or the students explore
teacher. Progressivism is a physical, mental,
theory of education that is moral, and social
concerned with "learning growth. They
by doing "that children typically should walk
learn best when pursuing freely among the
their own interests and groups, guiding them
satisfying their own needs. using suggestions
Progressivists believe that and thought-
individuality, progress, and provoking questions.
change are fundamental to
one's education. Believing
that people learn best from
what they consider most
relevant to their lives,
progressivists center their
curricula on the needs,
experiences, interests, and
abilities of students.
Progressivist teachers try
making school interesting
and useful by planning
lessons that provoke
curiosity. In a progressivist
school, students are
actively learning. The
students interact with one
another and develop social
qualities such as
cooperation and tolerance
for different points of view.
In addition, students solve
problems in the classroom
similar to those they will
encounter in their everyday
lives. Progressivists believe
that education should be a
process of ongoing growth,
not just a preparation for
becoming an adult.
g. Behaviorism B.F. Skinner Behaviorism or the From a behaviorist
behavioral learning theory perspective, the role
is a popular concept that of the learner is to
focuses on how students be acted upon by the
learn. Behaviorism focuses teacher-controlled
on the idea that all environment. The
 behaviors are learned teacher's role is to
through interaction with manipulate the
the environment. This environment to
learning theory states that shape behavior.
behaviors are learned from
the environment, and says
that innate or inherited
factors have very little
influence on behavior.
Behaviorism is key for
educators because it
impacts how students react
and behave in the
classroom, and suggests
that teachers can directly
influence how their
students behave. It also
helps teachers understand
that a student’s home
environment and lifestyle
can be impacting their
behavior, helping them see
it objectively and work to
assist with improvement. In
the classroom, the
behavioral learning theory
is key in understanding how
to motivate and help
students. Information is
transferred from teachers
to learners from a response
to the right stimulus.
Students are a passive
participant in behavioral
learning—teachers are
giving them the information
as an element of stimulus-
response. Teachers use
behaviorism to show
students how they should
react and respond to
certain stimuli. This needs
to be done in a repetitive
way, to regularly remind
students what behavior a
teacher is looking for
h. Essentialism William Bagley Essentialism is also a Teachers play a
subject-centered major role in
philosophy. Essentialism is essentialism in
the educational philosophy education. They
of teaching basic skills. This need to be patient,
philosophy advocates have a positive
training the mind. attitude and need to
Essentialist educators effectively
focus on transmitting a communicate with
series of progressively the student in order
difficult topics and to assist in
promotion of students to development of a
the next level. Subjects are students mind and
focused on the historical body. This
context of the material phenomenon has
world and culture become widely
and move sequentially to popular in the as it
give a solid understanding not only focuses on
of the present day. academic growth but
Essentialism is a also helps student to
common model in U.S. become better
public schools today. A human beings.
typical day at an essentialist
school might have seven
periods, with students
attending a different class
each period. The teachers
impart knowledge mainly
through conducting
lectures, during which
students are expected to
take notes. The students
are provided with practice
worksheets or hands-on
projects, followed by an
assessment of the learning
material covered during
this process. The students
continue with the same
daily schedule for a
semester or a year. When
their assessments show
sufficient competence, they
are promoted to the next
level to learn the next level
of more difficult material.
 III. As early as now, do you have a teaching philosophy? If none, how do you envision yourself
teaching your students years from now? Write your teaching philosophy or your desired
teaching philosophy and the steps you will undertake to remain faithful to it. (10 points)
- Honestly speaking, I have not come up with this image yet. I enjoy teaching, and I have
great role models in my former and present teachers. But I also believe that I am yet to find
my may, to understand exactly what I want to specialize in, what grade I want to teach, and
what mark I hope to leave in the lives of my students. No doubt these things will become
clear over the years, when I study and eventually also teach. But if I were to imagine things I
see myself teaching in the slums of poor countries or on the outskirts of islet. I’ve always
had a deep compassion with people in poor countries, and I also know that getting
education is the only way how they can end their misery. Of course, I do not hope to change
the world. But I hope I can play my part on some positive change in the world. But as of now
the only thing I can say with certainty is that teaching is my dream job, and I hope to get into
more study programs and get one step closer to my dream.
- Existentialism, " I aim to play my part on some positive change in the world, and teaching
children in some of those poor places is exactly what I imagine doing. That’s how I see
myself, a teacher of poor, aiming to make a positive change in specific communities of
people"
- The only thing that I knew that will help me is reading the bible and relate it to my heart.
To remain faithful to it I should " Remain faithful to my calling - 1:6-7". It's not just a career,
it's a calling. The key here is to commit all my plans to the Lord. And when things become
difficult during my studies I already know when and how to keep pushing, thriving, and
studying hard so that, when I do become a teacher, I can use this as a positive story to shape
their way of life. I landed to a great motivation however now it is time for me to land my
career.

Reflection

Write your reflection from the given activities above.

I realized that teaching philosoply is important to both teachers and studentsm This philosophy helps to
adequately teach students, teachers need a plan in mind as to how to most effectively reach todays
student’s. There are several different philosophies of teaching students, some slightly differing from one
another and some varying in all degrees, but all philosophies are intended to reach students in the most
effective manner. I think that the purpose of such philosophy goes beyond academics, skill
development, and civic knowledge. I believe that students and teachers are both beneficiary of those.
Three (3) things I learned:

I learned the 8 teaching philosophy, their definition s and as well as their proponents

I also learned the roles of the the teachers in each of those philosophy

I learned the importance of those teaching philosphy in both students and the educator

Two (2) interesting facts I discover:

I just found out how teaching philosphy should be written

I also discover on how important it is to have a teaching philosophy

One (1) question I have about the topic:

What will possibly happen to our teaching if we don't have any teaching philosophy? will something
good happen or the opposite?