Zamudio, Phobelyn C.

BIO 4
BSEd Sciences – 3D 2/15/23

ACTIVITY 5

Task 1. Trace the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis in a diagram below. Make a step or process flow
and explain each step.

Adult worms and encysted larvae develop within a single vertebrate host, and an infected
animal serves as a definitive host and potential intermediate host. A second host is required to
perpetuate the life cycle of Trichinella.

THE LIFE CYCLE OF TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS

Animals that are fed or eaten acquire trichinosis by ingesting meat

containing cysts of Trichinella species

Ingestion of raw meat by humans that contains encysted larvae

In the embryonic stage, after the birth of many nematode species that occurs within the uterus
of the female T. spiralis, offspring are ultimately discharged from the female are in the larval
second stage of life. After its exposure to gastric acid and pepsin,
the larvae are released from the cysts

They will invade the small bowel mucosa where they develop into adult worms

The larvae travel through the circulatory system, to the heart, then through the blood vessels
leading to striated muscle

After 1 week, the females release larvae that migrate to striated muscles where they encyst and
enclose themselves within a protective wall called

These cysts will continue to live for up to 10 years within this form because the parasites mature
and mate in
Task 2. Make a graphic organizer of the parasites and give example of each type of parasites.

TYPES OF
PARASITES

Endoparasite Ectoparasites Epiparasite

Helminths Lice Protozoa

Plasmodium
Tapeworms Fleas
sp.

Trypanosoma
Trematodes
cruzi

Tricjomonas
Whipworm
vaginalis

Guide Questions:

1. What are the types of parasites?

• The parasites have three types with characteristics and functions that makes
them different from each other.

a) Protozoa - They are single-cell organisms that have evolved to exist in

other creatures' tissues and cells. This parasite belongs to Epiparasite
which uses another type of parasite as its host species.

b) Ectoparasites - They are organisms that live on the skin of a host and obtain
their food from it in order to live.

c) Helminths - They are parasitic worms that feed on live hosts to get
sustenance and protection while causing the host to suffer from poor
nutrient absorption, weakness, and sickness. These parasites are also an
example of an Endoparasite in which they live in the internal organs or
tissues of their host.

2. How the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis occurred?

• Its life cycle starts to occur if a person starts to consume undercooked or raw
meat because it is a parasitic infection caused by roundworms. As it gets in the
stomach, the enzymes pepsin and hydrochloric acid cause the release of larvae
and will start to grow into adults and mate. They will then enter the lymphatic
 circulation and then into the blood, reaching skeletal muscles, myocardium, and
brain and live for up to 10 years.

What do you learn?

• I have learned that parasites are organism that thrives on or in another

organism and obtains their sustenance from or at the service of the host. They can
cause diseases/illnesses to their hosts such as malaria, diarrhea, and more. I have
also determined that there are three main classes of parasites which are protozoa,
helminths, and ectoparasites.