Put jezera Pontchartrain ( francuski : Chaussée du lac Pontchartrain ),

poznat i jednostavno kao The Causeway , [2] je fiksna veza sastavljena od dva
paralelna mosta koji prelaze jezero Pontchartrain u jugoistočnoj Luizijani ,
Sjedinjene Američke Države. Duži od dva mosta dugačak je 23,83 milje (38,35
km). Južni kraj nasipa je u Metairieu, Louisiana , predgrađu na južnoj
obali New Orleansa . Sjeverni kraj je u Mandevilleu, Louisiana , predgrađu na
sjevernoj obali New Orleansa.
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Južni kraj nasipa u Metairie, Louisiana, 1998

Koordinate 30°11′59″N 90°07′22″W

Nosi 4 trake na Causeway Blvd.

Krstovi Lake Pontchartrain

Locale Metairie i Mandeville , Louisiana , SAD

druga imena The Causeway

Održava Causeway Commission

Karakteristike

Dizajn Nisko postavljeni nosač s baskulom srednjeg raspona

Ukupna dužina 23,875 mi (38,442 km)

Odobrenje iznad 15 ft

istorija

Otvoreno 30. kolovoza 1956. (jug)

10. maja 1969. (sjever)

Statistika
 Dnevni promet 43.000 [1]

Putarina 5,00 dolara (na jug)

Lokacija

Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap

Od 1969. do 2011. godine nalazio se u Guinnessovoj knjizi rekorda kao najduži

most preko vode na svijetu ; 2011. godine, kao odgovor na otvaranje
dužeg mosta Jiaozhou Bay u Kini, Guinnessova knjiga rekorda stvorila je dvije
kategorije za mostove iznad vode: kontinuirane i skupne dužine iznad
vode. Lake Pontchartrain Causeway je tada postao najduži most preko vode
(kontinuirano), [3] dok je Jiaozhou Bay Bridge najduži most preko vode
(agregat). [4]
Mostovi su oslonjeni na 9.500 betonskih stubova. [5] Dva mosta imaju
baskulu , koja proteže navigacijski kanal 8 milja (13 km) južno od sjeverne
obale.
Sadržaj
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istorija
Ideja o mostu preko jezera Pontchartrain datira iz ranog 19. stoljeća
i Bernarda de Marignyja , osnivača Mandevillea. Pokrenuo je trajektnu uslugu
koja je nastavila sa radom sredinom 1930-ih. U 1920-im, prijedlog je tražio
stvaranje umjetnih ostrva koja bi potom bila povezana nizom
mostova. Finansiranje za ovaj plan dolazilo bi od prodaje kuća na
ostrvima. Moderni nasip počeo je da se formira 1948. godine kada je Ernest M.
Loëb Jr. zamislio projekat. Zbog njegovog lobiranja i vizije, zakonodavno
tijelo Louisiane stvorilo je ono što je sada Causeway Commission. Kompanija
Louisiana Bridge Company osnovana je za izgradnju mosta, koja je zauzvrat
imenovala Jamesa E. Waltersa starijeg da rukovodi projektom. [6] Ernestu M.
Loebu pomogao je njegov nećak, Ernest M. Loëb III, predsjednik Ernest M. Loëb
& Company da planira izgradnju mosta [7]

Satelitski pogled. Močvarni most Manchac se može vidjeti na lijevoj strani.

Krećemo na sjever na Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Prvobitni nasip je bio raspon sa dvije trake, dužine 23,86 milja (38,40
km). Otvoren je 1956. po cijeni od 46 miliona dolara (što odgovara 360 miliona
dolara u dolarima iz 2021.). Ovo nije uključivalo samo most, već tri prilazna
puta na sjevernom kraju i dugačak dio puta na južnom kraju. [8]
On June 16, 1964, six people died when barges tore a gap in the bridge and a
bus plunged into the lake.[9]
A parallel two-lane span, 0.01 miles (16 m) longer than the original, opened
on May 10, 1969, at a cost of $30 million (equivalent to $170 million in 2021
dollars).[8]
Since its construction, the causeway has operated as a toll bridge. Until
1999, tolls were collected from traffic going in each direction. To alleviate
congestion on the south shore, toll collections were eliminated on the
northbound span. In May 1999, the standard tolls for cars changed from $1.50
in each direction to a $3 toll collected on the North Shore for southbound
traffic.[10] In 2017, the toll was raised to fund safety improvements on the
bridge. The toll changed from $3.00 with cash and $2.00 with a toll tag to
$5.00 with cash and $3.00 with a toll tag.[11]
The opening of the causeway boosted the fortunes of small North Shore
communities by reducing drive time into New Orleans by up to 50 minutes,
bringing the North Shore into the New Orleans metropolitan area. Prior to the
causeway, residents of St. Tammany Parish used either the Maestri
Bridge on U.S. Route 11 or the Rigolets Bridge on U.S. Route 90, both
near Slidell, Louisiana; or on the west side, via U.S. Route
51 through Manchac, Louisiana.[12]
After Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005, videos collected showed damage to
the bridge. The storm surge was not as high under the causeway as it was near
the I-10 Twin Span Bridge, and damage was mostly limited to
the turnarounds.[13] A total of 17 spans were lost on that bridge but[13] the
structural foundations remained intact. The causeways have never sustained
major damage of any sort from hurricanes or other natural occurrences, a
rarity among causeways. The existing fiber optic cable plant was blown out of
its tray but remained intact per optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR)
analysis. With the I-10 Twin Span Bridge severely damaged, the causeway was
used as a major route for recovery teams staying in lands to the north to get
into New Orleans. The causeway reopened first to emergency traffic and then to
the general public – with tolls suspended – on September 19, 2005. Tolls were
reinstated by mid-October of that year.

Lake Pontchartrain Causeway southbound

Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Photo of the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway taken with a distortion lens.

The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway is one of seven highway spans
in Louisiana with a total length of 5 miles (8.0 km) or more. The others are,
in order from longest to shortest, the Manchac Swamp bridge on I-55,
the Atchafalaya Basin Bridge on I-10, the Louisiana Highway 1 Bridge,
the Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge on I-10, the Chacahoula Swamp Bridge on U.S.
90, the Lake Pontchartrain Twin Spans on I-10, and the LaBranche Wetlands
Bridge on I-310. The Maestri Bridge comes close, but runs short by two-tenths
of a mile at roughly 4.8 miles (7.7 km) in total length. Louisiana is also
home to the Norfolk Southern Lake Pontchartrain Bridge, which at 5.8 miles
(9.3 km) is one of the longest railway bridges in the United States.
The southern end of the Manchac Swamp Bridge (on the western edge of Lake
Pontchartrain) is the western end of the I-10 Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge (on
the southwestern edge of Lake Pontchartrain), and the northern end of
the LaBranche Wetlands Bridge is the eastern end of the I-10 Bonnet Carré
Spillway Bridge; so these three bridges, by name, are in fact one contiguous
bridge. The total driving distance on continuous elevated roadway is over 38
miles (61 km).
The bridge was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by
the American Society of Civil Engineers in 2013.[14]
Guinness World Records controversy
For decades Lake Pontchartrain Causeway was listed by Guinness World
Records as the longest bridge over water in the world. In July 2011
the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named by Guinness World Records as the
'longest bridge over water'.[4] At that time there was some controversy in the
United States as supporters of the former holder of the record, the Lake
Pontchartrain Causeway, disagreed with Guinness World Records not calling the
causeway the longest.[15] Supporters made this claim based on its own
 definition i.e., the length of a bridge physically over water and concluded
that the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway spans 23.79 mi (38.28 km),[15] i stoga je
bio najduži. Most Jiaozhou Bay proteže se kroz vodu samo 25,9 km (16,1
mi). Međutim, Guinnessova knjiga rekorda , koristeći kriterije mjerenja koji
uključuju agregatne strukture, kao što su kopneni mostovi na krajevima i
podmorski tunel , navodi da je most Jiaozhou Bay dugačak 42,6 km. [4] Nakon
ove kontroverze u julu 2011. godine, Guinnessova knjiga rekorda stvorila je
dvije kategorije za mostove iznad vode: kontinuirane i skupne dužine iznad
vode. Lake Pontchartrain Causeway je tada postao najduži most preko vode
(kontinuirano) , [3] dok je most Jiaozhou Bay postao najduži most preko vode
(agregat) .[4]
Vidi također

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lake Pontchartrain Causeway.

 List of bridges in the United States
 List of longest bridges in the world
 Megaproject
 Prestressed concrete

Reference
1. ^ Christine Harvey, New Orleans Times-Picayune. "Causeway lighting project cost
double expectations". Archived from the original on 2007-03-15. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
2. ^ "The Causeway website". Retrieved March 21, 2013.
3. ^ Skoči na:a b "Longest bridge over water (continuous)". Guinness World Records.
Retrieved 2019-02-01.
4. ^ Skoči na:a b c d "Longest bridge over water (aggregate length)". Guinness World
Records. Retrieved 2019-02-01.
5. ^ "PILE RESTORATION OF THE LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN CAUSEWAY" (PDF). Archived from the
original (PDF) on 2006-11-04. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
6. ^ "The History of the Lake Pontchartrain
Causeway" (PDF). louisianacivilengineeringconference.org. Archived from the
original (PDF) on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2012-01-14.
7. ^ Loeb, Ernest. "Life and Times of Ernest M Loeb III".
8. ^ Skoči na:a b "Safety Improvements | Causeway Bridge". Causeway Bridge.
Retrieved 2017-05-19.
9. ^ "6 Die in Lake Pontchartrain as Bus Plunges Off Bridge Hit by Barges". New York
Times. 17 June 1964. p. 1.
10. ^ "Lake Pontchartrain Causeway". Retrieved 2019-10-11.
11. ^ "Toll Tags | Causeway Bridge Tolls & Fees". Causeway Bridge. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
12. ^ "The History of the Lake Pontchartrain
Causeway" (PDF). louisianacivilengineeringconference.org. Archived from the
original (PDF) on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2012-01-14.
13. ^ Skoči na:a b Reginald DesRoches, PhD, ed. (2007). Hurricane Katrina: Performance of
Transportation Systems. Reston, VA: ASCE, TCLEE. ISBN 9780784408797. Archived
from the original on 2014-03-03.
14. ^ Rhoden, Robert (9 November 2013). "Lake Pontchartrain Causeway named National
Historic Civil Engineering Landmark". The Times-Picayune. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
15. ^ Skoči na:a b Bob Warren (June 30, 2011). "Causeway refuses to relinquish 'world's
longest bridge' title to China". The Times-Picayune. Retrieved 1 July 2011.

Eksterne veze
KML file (edit • help)
 The Causeway website
 https://web.archive.org/web/20090806091006/https://library.rice.edu/collection
s/WRC/finding-aids/manuscripts/0488
 Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) documentation, filed under
Causeway Boulevard, Metairie, Jefferson Parish, LA:
o HAER No. LA-21, "Lake Pontchartrain Causeway & Southern Toll Plaza Bridge",
13 photos, 5 color transparencies, 41 data pages, 3 photo caption pages
o HAER No. LA-21-A, "Lake Pontchartrain Causeway & Southern Toll Plaza Bridge,
Canopy", 9 photos, 10 data pages, 1 photo caption page
o HAER No. LA-21-B, "Lake Pontchartrain Causeway & Southern Toll Plaza Bridge,
Toll Booth", 7 photos, 14 data pages, 1 photo caption page
o HAER No. LA-21-C, "Lake Pontchartrain Causeway & Southern Toll Plaza Bridge,
Administration Building", 8 photos, 13 data pages, 1 photo caption page
o HAER No. LA-21-D, "Lake Pontchartrain Causeway & Southern Toll Plaza Bridge,
Garage", 9 photos, 18 data pages, 1 photo caption page

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