Name: _______________________________

Set: ___________

Year 10
Science - BIOLOGY
Yearly Examination
2021

General Instructions Total marks for this paper – 45

● Time – 45 minutes (for this exam paper)
Section1: 15 marks
● Reading time 5 minutes
● Allow about 20 minutes for this section
● Write using black or blue pen
● Draw diagrams using pencil Section 2: 15 marks
● Calculators may be used ● Allow about 15 minutes for this section
● Answer Section A on the multiple choice Section 3: 15 marks
answer sheet provided.
● Allow about 15 minutes for this section
● Answer all other sections on the question
Paper.
● Write your NAME and SET in the boxes
on the relevant pages

Note: Any time you have remaining should be spent revising your answers.
DO NOT REMOVE THIS PAPER FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM
Name: ________________________ Set: _________

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Section A – 15 marks
Questions 1-15
1 mark per question
Place your answers in the correct column on the multiple choice answer sheet

1. Modern day antibiotic resistant bacteria are an example of

(A) Geographical isolation

(B) Evolution by natural selection
(C) Comparative embryology
(D) Artificial selection

2. A child needs to inherit two copies of the blue-eyed allele to have blue eyes. This means that the
blue-eyed allele

(A) is dominant
(B) is co-dominant
(C) is recessive
(D) shows incomplete dominance

3. The pedigree below shows the inheritance of an autosomal recessive condition, the genotype of
individual II-2 is

(A) Homozygous recessive

(B) Homozygous dominant
(C) Heterozygous
(D) Is a male and therefore does not show the affected trait

4. The body's third line of defence, which uses antibodies to target specific pathogens, is called the

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(A) secondary immune system

(B) innate immune system
(C) phagocytic defence system
(D) adaptive immune system

Use the following image to answer questions 5 and 6

5. The structure above labelled E is called?

(A) Virus
(B) Phagocyte
(C) T-cell
(D) enzyme

6. The phagosome fuses with a lysosome sac which contains powerful enzymes.

This statement is shown in the figure above by the stage labelled

(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D

7. The diagram below represents the production of gametes, fertilisation and subsequent development
of offspring.

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Identify processes X, Y and Z

X Y Z

(A) meiosis fertilization meiosis

(B) meiosis fertilization mitosis

(C) mitosis fertilization mitosis

(D) mitosis fertilization meiosis

8. Which of the following statements is correct regarding mitosis and/or meiosis

(A) Both mitosis and meiosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells
(B) Gametes are formed through the process of mitosis
(C) Meiosis results in the production of haploid daughter cells
(D) All somatic cells undergo meiosis

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9.

Which two cows would be genetically identical to each other?

(A) Cow 1 and Cow 4

(B) Cow 2 and Cow 4
(C) Cow 3 and Cow 4
(D) Cow 1 and Cow 3

10. Pathogens are:

(A) specialised types of B-cells

(B) toxic chemicals in the environment
(C) always unicellular organisms
(D) organisms that cause diseases

11.

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With reference to the above diagram, What general name is given to the type of mutation that is circled.

(A) karyotype
(B) Down’s Syndrome
(C) Trisomy
(D) Germline

12. The diagram below is an example of evidence supporting the theory of evolution.

The evidence in the diagram is an example of:

(A) biogeography
(B) biochemistry
(C) comparative embryology
(D) comparative anatomy

13. The dolphin and the shark have both evolved to have a dorsal fin, grey colouring, pectoral fin/flipper
and fusiform torpedo shaped body. However, they are not related to each other. Dolphins are warm
blooded mammals and sharks are cartilaginous fish.

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What type of evolution are the shark and dolphin an example of?

(A) Comparative anatomy

(B) Insurgent evolution
(C) Divergent evolution
(D) Convergent evolution

14. Peter has Blood Group A but his wife, Alice, does not know her Blood Group. Their children,
Bryn, Kerrith and Naomi have Blood Groups A, B and O respectively.
Which statement below describes the correct combination of genotypes for Peter and Alice.

(A) Peter has the genotype Ai and Alice has the genotype Bi

(B) Peter has the genotype AA and Alice has the genotype Bi

(C) Peter has the genotype Ai and Alice’s blood type must be O

(D) Peter has the genotype Ai and Alice has the genotype AB

15. The human insulin gene has been isolated and introduced into bacterial cells so that the bacteria will
produce insulin (as shown below). This process could be described as:

(A) Selective breeding

(B) Whole organism cloning
(C) Transgenics
(D) Embryonic transfer

Section B – 15 marks

Write your answers in the spaces provided

Marks awarded for working out

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Name: ________________________ Set: _________

16. The following images depict two human karyotypes, one from a male and one from a
female individual.

a) Identify which of the above karyotypes (karyotype A or karyotype B) is from a female

individual and describe how sex is determined in humans. 3 marks

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b) The male individual above is colour blind. Colour blindness follows a sex-linked recessive
inheritance pattern. How many copies of the colour-blindness allele does the male have?
Provide a reason for your answer. 1 marks

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c) The female is not colour blind and is homozygous at this gene locus. However, she has
Huntington’s disease. Huntington’s is a devastating autosomal dominant disorder. The female is
heterozygous for Huntington’s. The male does not have Huntington’s disease (hh).

The two individuals above decide that they would like to have a child together. Draw two
separate punnett squares to determine:

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i) The chance that the child will be born colour-blind.

ii) The chance that their child will have Huntington’s disease. 6 marks

d) After consultation with a genetic counsellor, the couple decide to undergo pre-implantation
screening and IVF. With reference to the results from the punnett squares above, justify their choice to
undergo this procedure. 2 marks

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e) Provide one ethical consideration for their choice to use pre-implantation screening and IVF.

1 mark

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f) Huntington’s is an example of a non-infectious disease. Describe the difference between infectious

and non-infectious diseases. 2 marks

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Section C – 15 marks

Write your answers in the spaces provided

Marks awarded for working out

17. Evolution can occur through the mechanism of Natural Selection if a population is exposed to the
following Natural Selection events:

Variation, Overproduction, Selection, Reproduction and Adaptation.

a) Use the above terms to complete the following table by identifying the corresponding selection
events described for the Thorny Devil. The selection event descriptions are not in any order.

5 marks

b) The above example describes one evolutionary change of the Thorny Devil. Describe how a new
distinct species of Thorny Devil could arise. 3 marks

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18. Scientists conducted an experiment to analyse the DNA base composition across different species.

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Name: ________________________ Set: _________

The table below summarises the data collected.

a) On the grid below, plot the % Adenine vs Guanine for each of the species analysed and draw a
suitable line of best fit. 3 marks

Title: The proportion of Adenine and Guanine bases in the DNA from different species.

Question 18 continues on the next page

b) Describe the trend (relationship) shown by the data. 1 mark

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c) Explain the relationship shown by the data with reference to the structure of DNA. 3 marks

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