SHS

English for Academic and

Professional Purposes
Module 10
English for Academic and Professional Purposes

Module 10

First Edition, 2021

Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written
permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: Rosaline T. Avillano, T-III

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team

Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II

Management Team:

Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent

Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief

 Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS

Be;en C. Aquino, Ed.D, EPS in Charge of English

Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II

Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

Target

Objectives of reports are specific results that a person or system aims to

achieve within a time frame and with available resources, it is more specific and
easier to measure than goals.

Objectives are basic tools that underlie all planning and strategic activities.
They serve as the basis for creating policy and evaluating performances, it is
measurable, actionable, realistic, and time-bound condition that must be attained
in order to accomplish a particular goal. Objectives define the actions.

Structure is a key feature of reports that they are formally divided in

sections. The use of sections makes it easy for the reader to jump straight to the
information they need, each section of a report has its own purpose and will need to
be written in an appropriate style to suit.

In your previous lesson, you are done with Reports which refers to a spoken
or written account of something that one has observed, heard, done, or investigated
and that it may be delivered orally and are almost always in the form of written
documents.

This module will provide you with information and activities that will help
you understand objectives and structure in a report.
 After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Describe the objectives and structure of a report

2. Determine the characteristics of an objective and structure of a report 2.
Write an objective properly structured in a report

Jumpstart

Activity 1: Read Me! Understand Me!

Directions: Read the description and characteristics of an objective and

structure of a report. Understand what you are reading.

Objectives on the other hand, should be of specific statements that define

measurable outcomes.
 Each objective that you create will guide you through the structure of the
report. This way you will have a clear idea about how the rest of the report fits
together. It describes what you will be able to do after having attended the activity,
something that is observable. Use strong positive statements. as much as possible,
begin with a verb that describes an observable behavior under different domains.
(Action words)

As shown below using the Blooms Taxonomy under the different domains.

Cognitive Affective Psychomotor

Remembering Receiving Imitation
Understanding Responding Manipulation
Applying Valuing Precision
Analyzing Organizing Articulation
Evaluating Characterizing Naturalization
Creating

A good structure will help you decide where to put each fact or idea as there

are sections allotted for each, like that of an essay wherein there are sections like

the introduction, body, and conclusion. The structure of the report should mirror

the course of the report.

Directions: Put an "X" before each number of each objective stated in a

measurable and observable terms.

__________ l. To develop critical thinking skills.

__________2. To identify celestial bodies that are known as planets.

__________3. To provide worthwhile experiences for the students.

__________4. To recognize subject and verb in a sentence.

__________5. To tie shoes in a bow, without making a knot.

Directions: Choose your answer from the given choices.

QI. Section of the report that briefly but explicitly describes the purpose of
the report.

A. Contents C. Summary
B. Introduction D. Results

Q2. Part of the report considered as the main body of the report where you discuss.
the material, the facts and evidence you have gathered.
A. Discussion C. Methods
B. Introduction D. Results

Q3. In the conclusion you should show the overall significance of what has been
covered.

A. Conclusion C. Methods
B. Introduction D. Table of Contents

Q4. Page should list the different chapters and/or headings together with the page
numbers.

A. Introduction C. Summary
B. Reference D. Table of Contents

Q5. Section of the report wherein you will find the list of materials that you used
for your report such as books, magazines, letters.
A. Introduction C. Summary
B. Reference D. Table of Contents
 Discover

To be able to write an acceptable objective you have to take into

consideration the following guidelines:

Criteria in Writing Objectives

l. Behavior — Specific behavior as indicated by action verbs (summarize,

enumerate, compare, defend, justify).

2. Audience — Description of the students who are expected to demonstrate the

behavior.

3. Criterion — Description of the criteria used to indicate whether the behavior has
been demonstrated (e. g. answering 8 out of 10 questions correctly; judgment of
writing based on grammar, spelling, sentence construction, and organization).

4. Condition — Circumstances, equipment, or material used when demonstrating

the behavior (e. g., with or without class notes, open book, using graph paper,
given a calculator).

BY WHEN SUBJECT OBSERVABLE ACTION

By the end of this lesson, Learners will be able to cook a

well-done steak on the stove using a pan in 4 – 6 minutes.

CONDITION RESOURCES CONSTRAINTS

Figure 2. Parts of an Objective

Writing Measurable Learning Objectives

1. Identify the subject or noun or thing. It could be person a person or thing
that is being discussed, described, or dealt with.

2. Identify the time constraint when the action would be performed.

3. Select a verb that is observable to describe the behavior at the appropriate

level of learning.
 4. Add additional criteria to indicate how or when the outcome will be
observable to add context for the student.

The structure of a report is similar to that of an essay just that the key
difference between an essay and a report is that an essay has its sections like the
introduction, body and conclusion. The essay does not have a heading unlike the
report. It must be noted that the objective is part of the structure of a report.

OUTLINE FOR THE REPORT

Title page
a. Title
b. Author's name
c. Course
d. Date of experiment

Introduction
a. Purpose/ overview
b. Why important to field
c. Objective(s) for this particular experiment

Description of Findings /Results

a. Description of results
b. Totality of the report
c. Relevant comparisons with theory

Discussion
a. Brief review of results, if necessary
b. Discussion (trends in results, comparison with theory, answers to discussed
questions in Report Requirements section)
c. Conclusions supported by data

Conclusions and recommendations

References

As seen on the outline of the structure of a report are the following:

Title it contains the authors name, the course and the date of the report.

Introduction briefly describes the context and background of the report, the
changes that had occurred, problems or issues to be reported on. It is where
you define the specific objectives and purpose of the report.

Methodology the portion of the report where you will state how you did your
research/enquiry and the methods you used such as, surveys, interviews,
questionnaires and observation.
Findings/results this are the principal outcomes of a research project; what the
project suggested, revealed or indicated. This usually refers to the totality of
outcomes.

Discussion considered as the main body of the report and it has two key purposes:
a. to explain the conclusions
b. to justify the recommendations

Conclusions and recommendations are be arranged so that the major

conclusions come first, it identifies the major issues relating to the report and gives
your interpretation of them, relates specifically to the objectives of the report as set
out in the introduction it does follow logically from the facts in the discussion and
most of all it should be clean-cut, specific and brief.

Recommendations should point to the future and should be action oriented.

logically related to the discussion and conclusion , arranged in order of
importance and it must be brief.
.
Reference’s page is the last page of an essay or research paper. It lists all the
sources you've used in your project so you can easily find what you've cited.

Explore

Enrichment Activity 1: Identify the different criteriaa in the objectives:

The different criterion in writing an objective report are behavior, audience,

criterion, and time constraint.

The structure of a report comes in sections like the introduction, methodology,

findings/results, the discussions, conclusions and recommendations and the last
section of which is the references. Can you identify each?
What you need:
Sheet of paper
Bullpen

What you have to do

Identify/label the parts of each objective given based on the writing of a measurable
objective such as subject, time, and verb.

Assessment 1
Directions: Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers. Draw a circle on the
subject , a square on the verb and a triangle with the time constraint.

1. After a lesson on bullying, students will be able to explain the different

between a bully and a friend by writing a short paragraph that includes a thesis
statement and call to action.
2. Students will be able to categorize types of animals into the correct classes
with a graphic organizer after reading an article on animal traits.
3. By working in collaborative literature groups, students will be able to form
predictions about the next chapter of Anne of Green Gables using at least three
pieces of textual evidence.
4. Students will be able to accurately describe their observations in a science
journal after completing a week-long terrarium unit.
5. By the end of the reading lesson, students will be able to identify the rising
action, climax, and falling action on a plot diagram

Direction : Choose your answer from the given choices

1. In what section of the structure of a report states that theories are Linked to tto
practical issues?

A. Conclusions and recommendations C. Findings/results.

B. Discussion. D. References.

2. In what part of the report identifies the major issues relating to the case and
giving your interpretation .
A. Conclusions and recommendations C. Findings/results.
B. Discussion. D. References.

3. In what section of the report relates specifically to the objectives as set out in
the introduction?
A. Conclusions and recommendations C. Findings/results.
B. Discussion. D. References

4. What do we call the part of the report where it will aid you decide where to put
each fact or ideas?
 A. Background C. Objective
B. Essay D. Section

5. When you make a report there is always this last page wherein the listing of the
books you used are contained. What do you call it?
A. Conclusions and recommendations C. Methodology
B. Introduction D. References

Enrichment Activity 2: Spot the Difference:

1. Study Figure 2 on page 6 and notice the different parts of an objective and
structure of a report and compare them with assessment 2 if objectives observed
the criteria in writing an objective and that of the structure of a report and answer
Assessment 2.

Assessment 2
Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters below to form the correct word. Use these
words to write an objective on a given scenario. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. HOERBUVIA ____________________

2. IENUDECA ____________________

3. ONTICNOID ____________________

4. RITCNORIE ____________________

5. CJESBTU ____________________

6. ICTINONDOTUR _____________________

7. ESFEERNEECR ____________________

8. SRUTLE ____________________

9. OIDSNSUCS ____________________

10.LOGYTOMEHDO ____________________

Enrichment Activity 3

What you need :

Paper
Pen

What you have to do:

Write an objective on the different situations given .

A. Covid 19
B. Bullying
C. August 24, 2020
D. Drugs
E. Environment
Assessment 3

Directions: Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers. Write a

scenario/situation that you are facing in this Pandemic phenomenon and write an
objective for each .

Situation Objective
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.

Directions: Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers.

Rearrange the following structure of a report by numbering the first part as 1, the
second part as 2 and so on .

__________1. Conclusions and recommendations

__________2. Methodology

__________3. References

__________4. Findings/results

__________5. Discussion
Deepen

At this point, you are going to write 3 objectives based from the implementation of
the Modular Learning Modality for School Year 2020-2022 using the criteria in
writing objectives. Be able to identify the parts of each of the objective written .
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1.

2.

3.

Write a brief report on the topic Covid 19 illustrating the different sections of the
topic.

Rubrics for the Report

Content Informative Informative Content is Content is not
/Details and accurate and mostly sometimes not relevant or
interesting to accurateand related to accurate. No
read has adequate topic details
details Few
supporting
details. Many
inaccuracies
Organization Report is Shows Poorly No
organized . adequate organized and organization /
content is organization confusing at structure
structured well Structure is times
adequate
Writing Few errors in Has a few to Has many Report is
Mechanics spelling and several errors errors in unreadable
and grammar. in grammar n grammar and
readability Easy to read punctuations. punctuations
Report is and difficult to
readable read.
Reference Reference is Reference has Many errors in No refernce
complete incomplete form
parts
Gauge

Directions: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet for your answers. Write
only the letter of the best answer for each test item.
1. 1. What do you call the circumstances, tools or material that is used in
Demonstrating a behavior?
A. Audience C. Condition
B. Behavior D. Criterion

2. What do you call the description used to identify if a certain behavior has
been demonstrated?
C. Audience C. Condition
D. Behavior D. Criterion

3. What section of a report show how you did your research?

A. Conclusion C. Methodology
B. Finding D. Result

4. In what area of the report will you find the surveys, interviews,
questionnaires and observations?
A. Conclusion C. Methodology
B. Finding D. Result

5. Pandemic is rampaging across the world. This type of report Links the
theory to practical issues. In what area of the report is this
contained?
A. Conclusion C. Finding
B. Discussion D. Result
6. What action verbs are used to give emphasis to an objective in a report?
A. Calculate C. Draw
B. Describe D. All of the above
7. When we write an objective for our report does it serve as a guide through
the structure of the report?
A. False C. Sometimes False
B. True Sometimes D. True

8. Is the structure of an essay exactly the same as that of a report?

A. False Sometimes C. True
B. True D. Sometimes False

9. At the end of lesson, the student should be able to describe what an

objective is. Is this a valid Objective.
A. False C. Sometimes True
B. True D. Sometimes False

10. What section of a report will back up your claims in your explanations with
regards to your evidence and your findings?
A. Discussion C. References
B. Introduction D. Results

11. Is it necessary to divide the material with appropriate headings to improve

the readers' understanding of the content of the report?
A. Always C. Not Always
B. Never D. Sometimes

12. How will you identify the major issues and give your interpretation of them?
A. Conclude C. Invent B. Experiment
D. Report

13. In one of the sections of a report you have to recommend action-oriented

topics to point for the future.
A. Always C. Not Always
B. Never D. Sometimes

14. What is NOT found in the statement “To truly appreciate the value of
music.”
A. Measurable C. Verb
B. Observable D. None of the above

15. What section lists the different chapters and/or headings together with the
page
Numbers?
A. Introduction C. Summary
B. Reference D. Table of Contents
References

Website:

Bloom, B.S.,Engelhart, M. D., Furst, E. J., Hill, W. H., & Krathwohl, D. R. (1956).
Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals.
Handbook I: Cognitive domain. New York: David McKay Company.

Characteristics of a Good Objective

https://bizfluent.com/info-7757171-characteristics-business-objectives.html

Definition of Objective Bussiness

Dictionary
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/objective.html

Elements of a good Objective

http://www.ucdenver.edu/faculty_staff/faculty/center-for-faculty-development

Example of Measureable Objectives and Goals

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-measurable-goals-and-o
bjectives.html

How do you write an objective for a report

https://www.smartsheet.com/how-write-smart-project-objective

Parts of an Objective
http://hr.fullerton.edu/documents/

Report writing and Structure

December 12, 2017 – Powerful Guide to report writing and structure
https://assignmentessayhelp.com/powerful-guide-report-writing-structure/
Report Structure: report Writing
https://canvas.hull.ac.uk/courses/367/pages/report-structure

Structure of a Report
https://www.eapfoundation.com/writing/reports/structure/