MANUKAU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

TECHNOLOGY PARK CAMPUS

SCHOOL OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING

LAB ASSIGNMENTS/REPORTS

Student Name: Student ID: 220005587

Mechanical Lab: Lab 3 heat conduction

Section Weighting Scored 1- 5 Mark

 Failure to attend will result in a Zero mark.
 Any evidence of copying will result in a Zero mark (for
all involved students).

Objective and Relevant theory 3

Assumptions 1
Method of data collection 2
Raw data 2
Calculations/ observations 3
Use of graphs 1
Discussion 4
Conclusion 2
Participation 2
Marks will be deducted for.
 Poor use of grammar, spelling, and punctuation.
 Incorrect or missing units of measure. Up to
 Unsupported arguments or conclusions. 10% off
 Unstated assumptions in either data or calculations.
 Failure to present the original data collected.

Final mark, % (total weighted mark)

Total marks /100

1
Declaration:

By submitting this assessment, Gurpreet Singh, confirm that the work in this assessment is my
work. Any citations are appropriately referenced.

Signature:

Date of submission:
31/5/2023

2
 1. OBJECTIVE AND RELEVANT THEORY

1.1 Objective---- The objective of this experiment is that how linear heat transfer is affected
by different types of materials and calculate experiment thermal conductivity of the
materials in a solid bar. This lab also illustrates how strong thermal connection can be
created by the helping of thermal paste. To demonstrate the way in which heat spreads
through a uniform solid disc made of the same material and the method of determining
the experimental thermal conductivity of a solid disc with consistent measurements.

1.2 Relevant theory---The definition of heat conduction is provided by fourier”s law of heat
conduction which states that the temperature difference in homogeneous solid body
and the rate of heat transfer are directly proportional to each other.

2. ASSUMPTION

2.1 Equipment---(1) Digital thermometer (2) Timer (3) Power supply (4) Temperature
sessors (5) Brass, Stainless steel (6) Hear source (7) Insulating materials (8) Water (9)
Thermal paste.

2.2 Processes used---First of all, before connecting the transformer to the ac

outlet, make sure the calibration unit is switched off. Then connected the equipments
and set up the linear heat conduction. Secondly, we took two metals (Brass, Stainless
steel) in order to fit those metals in the middle section of using thermal paste. After that,
the water supply was linked to the heater. We checked the local ambient air
temperature for reference. Once the temperature sensors were connected to Digital
thermometer, water outlet valve was opened to flow the water. After flowing water, the
heater was switched on and set at 30 Watts to note the temperature readings from T 1 to
T7. Then watts of power were increased to 40W and 45W so that temperature readings
of 40W and 45W can be noted.

3 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

3.1 Procedure----all equipments were collected to start the lab. Brass metal was fitted in
the middle section of thermal paste so that temperature sensors can be connected with
Digital thermometer. After connecting the temperature sensors, the water supply was
linked to the heater. Firstly, a raw data table was created by us where readings can be
noted. We took the local ambient air temperature as a reference. The power was set at
30W then 40W and 45W one by one. We took the temperature reading from T 1 to T7 after
waiting some time. Then we repeated the test again in the same way by taking metal
stainless steel.

3
4 RAW DATA

4.1 Test Record Sheet---

For Experiment 1
Experiment
Linear heat conduction
Middle section Material Brass
Ambient Temperature 18.7
SR NO. Power (w) T1 (K) T2(K) T3(K) T4(K) T5(K) T6(K) T7(K)
1 30 55 50.3 45.3 39.1 32.3 28.1 24.1
2 40 83.9 70.4 68.2 57.6 45.3 37.3 29.6
3 50 88.7 77.8 71.4 59.7 46.6 38.1 29.9
                 

Distance From
  T1 (M) 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12

For Experiment 2
Experiment Linear Heat Conduction
Middle section Material Stainless Steel
Ambient Temperature 18.7
SR NO. Power (w) T1 (K) T2(K) T3(K) T4(K) T5(K) T6(K) T7(K)
1 30 79 74.6 69.9 48.7 31.7 27.7 23.8
2 40 95 89.4 83.2 56.7 35.1 30.1 25.2
3 45 99.1 93.3 87 59.5 36.7 31.7 26
                 

Distance From
  T1 (M) 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12

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5 OBSERVATIONS

5.1 Observations/ Analysis

120
Brass
100
Temperature (°C)

80

60

40

20

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Distance from T1 to T7 (mm)

temperature temperature temperature distance

stainless steel
100
90
80
70
Temperature (°C)

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Distance from T1 to T7 (mm)

temperature temperature temperature distance

5
6 DISCUSSION---the theoretical value of brass and stainless steel is 125 W.m^-1.K^-1* and
16 W.m^-1.K^-1* respectively. There are some causes that can affect the experiment values
of heat conduction. As observed, Brass material has higher thermal conductivity than
stainless steel which means Stainless steel does not response faster as compared to Brass
when it is cooled down in normal room temperature from the hot water bath. Based on the
graph, it shows that the overall heat transfer will decrease when the input power Q(watt)
increases.

7 CONCLUSION---As we observed from the experiment, the materials (Brass, Stainless steel)
are soft. After facing the higher temperature, the real contact area between the interfaces
considerably increases. As a result, if we increase the heating temperature, the heat
transfer rate will increase, and the thermal contact resistance will decrease significantly.

8 REFERENCE----the theoretical values of heat conductivity of Brass* and Stainless Steel* are
taken from the thermodynamics chapter number 7 (heat transfer). Which is denoted as (*).