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WEEK
MATHEMATICS 8
5
Lesson/Topic: Properties of Parallel lines
Quarter IV

MELC: Determines the conditions under which lines and segments are
parallel or perpendicular.

Key Concept
Parallel lines and perpendicular lines can be seen everywhere.

Example of Parallel Lines Example of Perpendicular Lines

Railroad

Grills

Parallel lines are lines on a plane that do not intersect or meet no

matter how far they are extended. Whereas, perpendicular lines are two
distinct lines intersecting that forms a 900 angle.
To determine if the lines or segments are parallel, perpendicular or
neither we must solve for their slopes. The slope of parallel lines is equal while
the slopes of perpendicular lines are the negative reciprocal of each other or
the product of these two slopes is -1.
Illustration Relationship with slope (m)

Parallel lines 𝑚1 = 𝑚2 Line 1 Line 2

1 1
2 2

-4 -4

3 3
− −
5 5

Perpendicular lines Line 1 Line 2 (line1)(line2) = -1

1 1
(2)(-2) = -1
2 −2

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 1 -4 1 1
(-4)(4) = −1
𝑚1 = − 4
𝑚2

1 3 5 3 5
( 5)( − 3) = −1
𝑚2 = − −
𝑚1 5 3

Illustrative Example 1:
Determine if the lines or segments formed by connecting the points are
parallel, perpendicular or neither.
Line 1 with points A(1, 1) and B(0, -1)
Line 2 with points C(2, 1) and D(1, -1)

Solution:
𝑦 −𝑦
Slope (m) formula 𝑚 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
2 1

In line 1: A(1,1) B(0, -1) In line 2: C(2,1) B(1, -1) Conclusion / graph

−1 − 1 −1 − 1 Since 𝑚1 = 2 and 𝑚2 = 2
𝑚1 = 𝑚2 =
0 − 1 1 − 2 they have equal slopes.
Therefore,
the two
−2 −2
𝑚1 = 𝑚2 = lines are
−1 −1
parallel.

𝑚1 = 2 𝑚2 = 2

Illustrative Example 2:
Determine if the lines or segments formed
by the points are parallel, perpendicular or
neither.

Solution:
𝑦 −𝑦
Slope (m) formula 𝑚 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
2 1

Line 1 with points Line 2 with points Conclusion / graph

A(0,3) and B(-3,-3) C(-4, 1) and D(0, -1)

−3 − 3 −1 − 1 Since 𝑚1 = 2 and
𝑚1 = 𝑚2 =
−3 − 0 0 − (−4)
1
𝑚2 = − 2 their slopes are negative
reciprocal of each other and the
−6
𝑚1 = product of the two slopes is -1.
−3

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 −2 Therefore, the lines are
𝑚2 =
𝑚1 = 2 4 perpendicular to one another.

1
𝑚2 = −
2

Activity 1:

Determine if the lines or segments formed by the points are parallel,

perpendicular or neither.
1. Line 1: A(0,-2) B(-2,-10) Line 2: C(0,4) D(2,0)
2. Line 1: L(-6, 2) O(0, -2) Line 2: V(-4,-6) E(0,0)
3. Line 1: W(-3,3) A(-1, -3) Line 2: Y(0,3) S(2,-3)

Determine if the lines or segments shown in the graph are parallel,

perpendicular or neither.

4. 5.

Activity 2:

Guide Questions:
1. How will you determine if the lines or segments are parallel,
perpendicular, or neither?

2. Why do you think powerlines are place

parallel to each other? And the electric pole
is made perpendicularly?

3. Buildings were design to standout with its

appearance. Why do you think architects
and engineers construct columns parallel to
each other, while its beams were made
perpendicular to the columns?

Beams
columns

Answer key

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