Gasses

Andrea Perez, Regina Shepard, Agustin Hernandez, Alan Loza

Who is Joseph Priestly
● He was a political theorist
○ Work contributed to advances in
liberal, political and religious thought
and experimental chemistry
● Remembered for contribution to chemistry
of gases
● 1776 elected as a member of the royal
society of London
○ Inspired him to discover more
experiments in different fields
His Contribution To The Discovery of Gases
● 1772 - 1790 published 6 volumes of Experiments and
Observations on Different Kinds of Air (gases)
● Incorporated explanation of the chemistry of gases into
Phlogistan Theory: combustible substances release phlogiston
during burning
● He discovered 10 new Gases
○ Nitrite oxide
○ Nitrogen dioxide
○ Ammonia
○ Oxygen
● Renowned for an improved pneumatic system by collecting
gases over mercury instead of water he was able to isolate
and examine gases that were soluble in water
Properties of Gases
● Gases have 3 characteristic properties
○ Easy to compress
○ Expand to fill containers
○ Occupy far more space than the liquids or solids from which they form
● Gases have no definite volume or shape
● Low density
● They all behave the same way to pressure and temperature change
 Pressure
Pressure is the amount of force applied to an area
P = F/A

45,000 pounds of total pressure on an average person

● Have pressure inside our bodies that acts against the

pressure outside to create a balance
 How to Measure Pressure
Units:

● Pascal(Pa)
● Torr
● Bar
● Pound per Square Inch(psi)
● Atmosphere(atm)

○ 1.00 atm = 760.0 mm Hg = 760.0 torr = 101.3 kPa

Gas in enclosed container exerts pressure on the inner walls from collisions of gas
molecules transferring small amounts of energy, generating a net pressure

Can measure pressure by using a barometer

 Atmospheric Pressure

Atmospheric pressure is the weight of air per unit of area

As an indicator of weather:
● Low -pressure system= cloudiness, wind, and precipitation
● High-pressure system= fair and calm weather conditions
Boyle’s Law
25 January 1627 – 31 December
1691

Who is Boyle? Robert Boyle

- Boyle was a 17th-century pioneer of modern
chemistry

-he stated that the movement of particles is

responsible for heat.

According to Boyle's Law, the volume of a gas is

inversely proportional to its pressure. This
means that if the pressure increases, the
volume decreases, and if the pressure
decreases, the volume increases.

25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691

Boyle Law Equation
How is reaching an application of Boyle's law? “Suction”
Illusion

When the volume of the

lungs changes, the pressure
of the air in the lungs
changes. If the pressure is
greater in the lungs than
outside the lungs, then air
rushes out. If the opposite
occurs, then air rushes in
How do straws work?

The Air in the straw gets

spread out when more air
enters the straw and
exerts less pressure than
the air outside the straw.
Sources
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-Priestley
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/atmospheric-pressure/#
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Book%3A_Introdu
ctory_Chemistry_Online_(Young)/09%3A_The_Gaseous_State/9.1%3A_Gasses_
and_Atmospheric_Pressure
https://opentextbc.ca/introductorychemistry/chapter/pressure/
https://www.americangeosciences.org/education/k5geosource/content/weather/wh
y-is-the-weather-different-in-high-and-low-pressure-areas#:~:text=As%20air%20le
aves%20the%20high,areas%20of%20fair%2C%20settled%20weather.