Prepared by: Engr. Lendon S.

Arcillas
EXAMPLE 1 : Water enters a turbine through a 600mm diameter pipe under. a pressure of 14 Kpa.It leaves
through a 900 mm diameter exhaust pipe with a pressure of 4 kPA. A vertical distance of 2.5m separates the
centers of the two pipes at the sections where pressures are measured. If 500 liters of water pass the turbine
each second ,compute the power supplied to the turbine in horsepower and compute the efficiency of the
motor if 19 hp is converted to electricity.
EXAMPLE 2 : A 20 hp suction pump at 70% efficiency draws water from a suction line whose diameter is 200mm
and discharges into air through a line whose diameter is 150 mm at an atmospheric pressure where the velocity
in the 150 mm line is 3.6m/s. If the pressure at point A in the suction pipe is 34kPa below the atmosphere ,where
A is 1.8m below section B on the 150 mm line, determine the maximum elevation above section B to which
water can be raised assuming a head loss of 3m due to friction.
EXAMPLE 3 :At a maximum rate of power generation , a small hydro electric power plant takes a discharge of
14.1 m3/s through an elevation drop of 61 m. The head loss is 1.5m. The combined efficiency is 87% .What is the
rate of power generation in megawatts?
EXAMPLE 4 : A 50 cm pipe diameter carries water at a rate of 0.5 m3/s . A pump is used to move water from 30m
to 40 m elevation. The pressure at point 1 is 70 Kpa and at point 2 is350 kPa .What power in horsepower is
generated by the pump considering 86 % efficiency of the pump and 3m head loss.
The concrete pipes are connected in series .If the rate of the flow in the pipe is 0.10 m3/s .Determine the
total head loss in meters .
EXAMPLE 1.1 : The total flow in the pipe system in the figure is 0.86 m3/s . Assume f = 0.032 for all pipes.
Find the discharge for each of the lines?

Pipe 1 : D=400mm , L= 400 m

Pipe 2 : D= 600mm, L=350 m
Pipe 3 : D= 500mm, L=420 m
EXAMPLE 1.1 :Given the following data for three reservoir shown. Reservoir B and C receives water with
Q2 =0.65 m3/s .Find the head loss at pipe A ,pipe B and at pipe C. Also discharge at point A and point B
Assume HL3 = 23 –HL1 .
Pipe A : D=900mm , L= 1500 m f= 0.0208
Pipe B : D= 600mm, L= 450m f=0.0169
Pipe C : D= 500mm, L=1200m f= 0.0135
A dock water sample with SG=1.005 enters through a 500mm diameter at 15 Kpa through 3000 mm length pipe
line. It leaves through a 750 mm diameter with 5000 mm pipe lengtj with a pressure of 8kPA . If 500 liters of water
passed through the pipe ,find the surface elevation where total headloss of both pipes is considered.
SOLVING HEADLOSS USING WEISBACH’S EQUATION AND
FRICTION FACTOR USING MOODY DIAGRAM
The Moody chart (also known as the Moody diagram) is a graph in the non-dimensional form that relates the
Darcy friction factor, Reynolds Number, and the Relative Roughness for fully developed flow in a circular
pipe.

Darcy’s equation can be used to calculate major losses.

The friction factor for fluid flow can be determined using a Moody chart.

•Head loss of the hydraulic system is divided into two main categories:
• Major Head Loss – due to friction in straight pipes
• Minor Head Loss – due to components as valves, bends…

•Relative Roughness -where both the average height surface irregularities and the pipe diameter are in millimeters.
EXAMPLE 1.3 : Oil SG= 0.85 with a kinematic viscosity at 6x10^-4 m2/s flows in a 15 cm pipe at a rate of 0.020
m3/s .What is the head loss per 100 m length of the pipe.
EXAMPLE 1.4:Water at 20 deg Celsius flows at a rate of 0.05 m3/s in a 20 cm asphalted cast iron pipe
.What is the head loss per kilometer of pipe? Assume Dynamic Viscosity is 1.002 x10-3 N.s/m2