FLOW OF FLUIDS
4-in ID pipe. The pump requires 3 kW power
1. What is the hydraulic diameter of a 200 mm
by 300 mm rectangular duct which air flows?
2. What is the hydraulic mean diameter of the
annular space between 40 mm and a 50 mm
tube?
3. For the laminar flow of a fluid in a circular pipe
of radius R, the Hagen-Poiseuille equation
predict the volumetric flowrate to be
proportional to
4. A pump draws a solution of specific gravity
1.84 from a storage tank through a 3-in Sch40
steel pipe. The efficiency of the pump is 60%.
The velocity in the suction line is 3 ft/s. The
pump discharges through a 2-in Sch40 pipe to
an overhead tank. The end of the discharge
pipe is 50 ft above the level of the solution in
the feed tank. Friction losses in the entire
piping system are 10 ft-lbf/lb. What is the
outlet velocity of 2 in Sch40?
5. What pressure must the pump develop?
6. What is the power of the pump?
7. Pipes having diameter 14 inches or more are
designated by their
8. Water (density = 62.4 lb/ft3, viscosity = 1 cP)
is pumped from a large reservoir on the floor
at a rate of 80 gpm to the top of a smaller
tower. The discharge point is 20 ft above the
centerline of the pump. Frictional and other
(contraction, expansion, etc.) losses in suction
and discharge lines amount to 1.5 ft head of
liquid. If the pump develops only 1/4 hp, the
water height (ft) in the reservoir must be
closest to ___.
9. A 150 mm diameter pipe carries 81.3 L/s of
water. The pipe branches into two pipes one
is 50 mm in diameter and the other is 75 mm.
What is the velocity in the 75 mm pipe if the
velocity of the flow in the 50 mm pipe is 10
m/s?
12. What is the theoretical minimum consumption
of the free air to lift 100 gpm of water through
a height of 50 ft (neglecting frictional losses)
by means of an acid egg? Assume ΔP is 14.7
psia.
13. Sulfuric acid is pumped at 3 kg/s through a 60
m length of smooth 25 mm pipe. Calculate the
drop in pressure. Density of acid = 1840
kg/m^3. Viscosity of acid = 25 mN-s/m^2
14. If the pressure drop falls by one half, what will
be the new velocity?
15. What will be the new flowrate?
16. Unrefined oil whose density and kinematic
viscosity are 920 kg/m^3 and 0.0002 m^2/s,
respectively, is pumped through a 75-m long
and its efficiency is 70%. What is the
Reynolds number?
17. What is the average velocity of the oil?
18. What is the average mass flow rate of the oil
through the pipe?
19. Water at 10 degC flows through a 3 inch
inside diameter smooth plastic pipe with
length of 100 ft. The pressure drop is 0.02 psi
per foot length of pipe. Determine the
volumetric flowrate of water in ft^3/s.
20 If the same inside diameter of the pipe is
changed to 1.5 inches, determine the velocity
in the pipe for the same volumetric flow rate
obtained in b
21. Determine the pressure drop for L = 100 ft of
pipe in c
23. A 6-in standard horizontal pipe delivers water
at a velocity of 10 ft/s to a m^3 pond from a
river. The equivalent length of the pipe is 1000
ft. If the water temperature is 80degF, the
theoretical horse power of the pump is
24. The water output of a purification plant is
measured by the use of a standard venturi
meter having a throat 12-inches in diameter.
The differential head from the upstream
section to the throat, measured on a vertical
U-tube manometer containing mercury was
found to be 3 inches. Calculate the rate of
water flow expressed as gal per 24 hour-day.
Assume D2/D1 is 0.5.
25. Petroleum oil is flowing isothermally through a
horizontal pipe line having an actual inside
diameter of 4.03 inches. A properly made pitot
tube is inserted at the center line of the pipe.
And its leads are filled with oil and attached to
a vertical glass U-tube with oil and water. The
difference in water levels is found to be 3 ft.
Based on the data given below, calculate the
rate of flow of oil expressed as cubic feet per
minute. Data: Oil has a specific gravity of 0.9
and a viscosity scale, t of 200 Saybolt second
26. Water flowing at 1.5 L/s in a 0.05 m diameter
tube is metered by means of a simple orifice
of diameter 0.025m. If coefficient of discharge
is 0.62, what will be the reading on a mercury-
under-water manometer connected to the
meter?
27. Natural gas which may be assumed to be
methane is to be transferred through a 100-
mile section of a 40 in ID pipeline at a rate of
150000000 cu. ft per 24 hr, measured at 60
0F and standard atmospheric pressure. The
gas is delivered to the compressor at
 substantially atmospheric pressure and 60 0F
and is to at 10 psig pressure at the discharge
end of the line. Assume methane to be ideal
gas. Calculate the pressure at the compressor
exit.
28. What power is required for pumping?
29. What is the differential reading in a pitot tube
inserted in an 8-in nominal pipe carrying 1600
gpm of water? Assume mercury in the pitot
tube.
30. A pump that works at 5kW delivers brine with
a density of 1150kg/m3 from the bottom a
supply tank to the bottom of another tank at a
velocity of 3.25m/s. The discharge in 1.10m
above the supply and the line between the two
open tanks in 45m. The line consists of
elbows, tees and valves and you have
calculated that the total form friction from
these fittings and valves is 2.45 J/kg. you
have also determined that the skin Darcy
friction factor is 0.03. If the pump is 80%
efficient and you assumed that flow is
incompressible, what is the pipe internal
diameter in cm. Darcy friction factor = 4 x
Fanning friction factor