PARONDO, JERLE MAE E.

3 - BSCE - A

CHAPTER SEVEN (Fluid Flow in Pipes): PRACTICE PROBLEMS

1. For laminar flow conditions, what minimum size of pipe will deliver 6 liters/s of
medium oil having a kinematic viscosity of 6.10 x 10−6 m2/s?
Given:

2. Oil with dynamic viscosity of 0.10 Pa∙s and specific gravity of 0.85 flows through 3000m of
30cm cast-iron pipe at the rate of 44 liters/s. Find the head lost due to friction.
Given:

3. Determine the type of flow occurring in a 30 cm diameter pipe when: (a) Water at
60°F (𝑣 = 1.13 x 10−6 m2/s) flows at a velocity of 1 m/s. (b) Heavy oil at 60℉
(𝑣 = 2.05 x 10−4 m2/s) flows at a velocity of 1 m/s.
Given:

4. Compute the “lower critical velocity” for 10 cm pipe carrying heavy oil
where 𝜌 = 895 kg/m3 and 𝑣 = 4.46 x 10−5 m2/s.
Given:

5. A pump 80% efficient delivers heavy oil (𝜌 = 912 kg/m 3 ; 𝑣 = 2.05 x 10−4 m2/s) through
500 m of 5 cm diameter pipe to a storage tank whose oil level is 3 m higher than that
of the supply tank. For a flow of 4 liters/s determine the input power of the pump.
Given:

6. A tank used to store commercial oil (𝜌 = 850 kg/m 3 ; 𝑣 = 2 x 10−3 m2/s) is 15 m

diameter and contains 1000 m3 of oil. A 20 cm pipe 50 m long connected to the
bottom of the tank has its discharge end 6m below the bottom. A gate valve
 (Kv = 0.20 when fully opened) is located near the discharge end. Find the laminar
flow in the pipe when the valve is fully opened. Check the Reynolds number Re.
Given:

7. A new cast-iron pipe 400 m long and 15 cm in diameter carries 42 liters/s of water.
Determine the frictional loss of head.
Given:

8. Determine the discharge of water through a 5 cm wrought-iron pipe if the frictional

loss is 80 KPa per 30 m of pipe.
Given:
 9. What diameter of new cast-iron pipe 1.6 km long is required to discharge 0.125 m 3/s
of water with a loss of head of 17 J/N?
Given:

10. Points A and B are 4.8 Km apart along a 60 cm new cast-iron pipe carrying water. A
is 10 cm higher than B. If the pressure at B is 140 KPa greater than at A, determine
the direction and amount of flow.
Given:

11. If the roughness of the pipe in Problem increases 10% of its original value each year,
what percent of increase in the necessary pressure at A can be expected after 10
years of service.
Given:
 12. Oil with specific gravity of 0.902 flows through 1.20 m long of 6.35 mm glass tubing
with a head loss of 16.5 cm of oil. The measured discharge is 6.8 x 10 −7 m2/s.
Determine the dynamic viscosity.
Given:

13. A new cast-iron pipe 20 cm in diameter and 30 m long having a sharp-cornered

entrance draws water from a reservoir and discharges into the air. What is the
difference in elevation between the water surface in the reservoir and the discharge
end of the pipe if the flow is 140 liters/s?
Given:

14. A new cast-iron pipe 30 cm in diameter and 1600 m long carries water from a
reservoir and discharges into the air. If the entrance is 3 m below the water level in
the reservoir and the pipe is laid on a downgrade of 1 m per 500 m, find the
discharge.
Given:
 15. A new cast-iron pipe 30 cm in diameter and 30 m long connects two reservoirs, both
ends sharp-cornered and submerged. Determine the difference in elevation between
the water surfaces in the two reservoirs if the discharge is 0.45 m3/s.
Given:

16. What diameter of smooth concrete pipe 1000 m long will carry 1.40 m 3/s between two
reservoirs under a head of 1 m, both ends of the pipe having a sharp-corner and
submerged?
Given:
 17. Three new cast-iron pipes are connected in series as shown in Fig. A. If the
discharge is 230 liters/s determine the head lost: (a) neglecting minor losses (b)
considering minor losses.
Given:

18. Three new cast-iron pipes connected in series are shown in Fig. B. determine the
total frictional losses if the discharge is 200 liters/s. Find also the difference between
the water surface in the reservoir and the discharge end of the third pipe.
Given:
 19. Determine the discharge through three new cast-iron pipes connected in series,
having the diameters as shown in Fig. C. The total frictional loss, excluding minor
losses, is 5 J/N. Use n = 0.011 for all pipes.
Given:

20. Two pipes with C1 = 120 (Hazen-Williams constant) connected in series, discharge
4.75 ft3/sec. with a loss of head of 27 ft. each pipe has a length of 1000 ft . If one has
a diameter of 18 in., determine the diameter of the other, neglecting minor losses.
Given:

21. Fig. D shows a pipe system in parallel with a total flow of 400 liters/s. Determine the
division of flow and the loss of head from A to B. Use n = 0.011 for both pipes.
Given:
 22. In Problem 21, if the head loss from A to B is 4 J/N, determine the total flow.
Given:

23. The discharge of the pipe system shown in Fig. E is 440 liters/s. Determine the head
loss from A to D. Use f = 0.020 for all pipes.
Given:

24. A 15 cm pipe leaves a straight 10 cm pipe at a point A, and later joins it again at point
B. The distance AB on the straight 10 cm pipe is 700 m. How long will the 15 cm pipe
have to be in order that the flow in the two pipes maybe the same? Assume f = 0.020
and neglect minor losses.
Given:
 25. The pipe system shown in Fig. F serves two towns C and D. The highest building in
town C is at EL 21 m and that in town D at EL 18 m. If f = 0.020 for all pipes, what is
the flow in each pipe? If the per capita consumption in the two towns is
0.0035 liters/s, how many persons could be served in each town?
Given:

26. Fig. G shows a pipe system serving towns C and D. The population of town C is
20,000 while that of town D is 30,000. Daily per capita consumption is 0.0035 liters/s.
The proposed pipeline has f = 0.020. Design the system.
Given:
 27. Determine the flow into or out of each reservoir in the pipe system shown in Fig. H.
Use n = 0.011 for all pipes.
Given:

28. A pipeline 7600 m long and 1.5 m in diameter supplies 8 nozzles (Cv = C = 0.95) with
water from a reservoir 180 m above the nozzles. Each nozzle has a tip diameter of
7.5 cm. Assuming f = 0.017, find the aggregate power available in the jets.
Given:
 29. What commercial size of new cast-iron pipe (f = 0.019) shall be used to carry
280 liters/s of water with a head loss of 2 J/N per kilometer of pipe?
Given:

30. The pipe system of Fig. I has the following given properties: At point A: a vacuum of
36 cm of mercury; at point B: a pressure of 400 KPa; At the 90° — bend; Kb = 0.35;
at the 60° - bend Kb = 0.20. If the discharge is 60 liters/s and f = 0.018, determine
the pump’s output power.
Given:
 31. A pump is used to raise water to a reservoir through 800 m of 20 cm diameter pipe
with f = 0.033. If the pipe is to be replaced with a new one having the same length
but with a diameter of 25 cm and f = 0.022., determine the power saved if the flow is
to be maintained at 70 liters/s.
Given:

32. In Fig. J is shown a 15 cm diameter cast-iron pipe discharging at an elevation higher

than the oil surface. If the oil has a kinematic viscosity of 𝑣 = 2.10 x 10 −6 m2/s and
specific gravity of 0.84, determine the pressure on the surface to cause a discharge
of 13 liters/s in the pipe.
Given:
 33. Shown in fig. K are two reservoirs connected by 500 m of 10 cm pipe with f = 0.020.
Determine the time, after opening the valve (Kv = 0.40), when the water surfaces in
the reservoirs will be at the same elevation.
Given:

34. The turbine shown in Fig. L is located in the 35 cm line. If the turbine efficiency is
90%, determine the output power of the turbine under the following given conditions:
L1 = 1220 m D1 = 35 cm f1 = 0.018 Q3 = 230 liters/s
L2 = 610 m D2 = 15 cm f2 = 0.024
L3 = 2440 m D3 = 30 cm f3 = 0.020
Given:
 35. What power is delivered by the pump shown in the pipe system of Fig. M?
L1 = 300 m D1 = 30 cm f1 = 0.018 Q3 = 140 liters/s
L2 = 1000 m D2 = 20 cm f2 = 0.023
L3 = 1500 m D3 = 25 cm f3 = 0.020
Given:

36. A new 45 cm cast-iron pipe 600 m long carries 260 liters/s from reservoir A,
discharging into two new cast-iron pipes each 500 m long. One pipe is 30 cm in
diameter and leads to reservoir B, in which the water surface is 5 m lower than in A.
If the water surface in C is 7 m lower than that A, determine the diameter of the pipe
leading to C. Use n = 0.011.
Given:
 37. An engineer is Hired to design a swimming pool 15 m long by 6 m wide by 2 m deep.
For water supply, he decides to lay 600 m of 5 cm pipe (f = 0.020) from a nearby
main to the pool. The pipe will discharge freely into the pool during the entire filling
process. The average pressure at the water main is 550 KPa and the difference in
elevation between the two ends of the pipe is 10 m, with the discharge end higher
than the intake end. Assuming that 10% of the loss in the pipeline are due to
transitions, fittings, and valves, how long will it take to fill the swimming pool?
Given:

38. Determine the flow in each pipe in the network shown in Fig. N. Use the Manning
equation with n = 0.011.
Given: