UNIVERSITY OF EL SALVADOR

DISTANCE EDUCATION
RESEARCH IN ENGLISH TEACHING I

SEMESTER 1, 2023

ACTIVITY:
CHAPTER I: STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
TUTOR: ALEJANDRA MARISOL MELÉNDEZ CRUZ
STUDENTS:
IRLANDA SARAHY RUÍZ GONZÁLEZ (RG19050)
KENSY CAROLINA RIVAS VALLE (RV19004)
MARTA ALICIA MENJIVAR RIVERA (MR19151)
 WILLIAM ROBERTO RODRIGUEZ MINERO (RM19050)
DUE DATE: TUESDAY, MAY 2nd, 2023

Background of the problem

Article 1

Title Orientations and Motivation in English Language Learning: A Study of

Bangladeshi Students at Undergraduate Level

Author (s) Sayeedur Rahman

Key words taken Attitude and motivation, motivational orientations of students,

from the abstract motivational challenges, ELT (English Language Teaching).

Source and year of The Asian EFL Journal Press, 2005, Pages 29-41

publication

Theoretical The study focuses on social psychological variables

perspective
 Methodological The research methodology was quantitative. For the study 94 students

perspective (56 male and 38 female) of 19-23 age group were randomly selected

from the American International University, Bangladesh (AIUB). The

instrument used was a questionnaire that was divided into two major

parts to find out the socio-psychological and socio-linguistics

background of the respondents. The raw data was fed into the computer

and then was analyzed by using SPSSXI.5.

Main findings The study proves that in Bangladesh English is used only for specific

purposes; especially limited and restricted within the academic domain.

A Study of Bangladeshi Students at Undergraduate Level, an investigation from Asian

EFL Journal from March, 2005, this study focuses on the socio-psychological factors of the

learners such as attitude and motivation, the main objective of this study is to examine individual

and social variables in learning English as a foreign language and to investigate the domains of

English of relevance to the undergraduate students of the private universities in Bangladesh. The

hypothesis is that Bangladeshi students learn a foreign language mainly for its utilitarian value

rather than integrative motivation.

The theoretical perspective states that a learner of a L2 must be psychologically prepared

to acquire elements from a different ethno-linguistic community applied to daily life, however

students understand the importance and the value of learning English which affect in a positive

way their attitude. On the other hand, young children, especially in schools, are not focused on

their future that derives a different attitude compared with adults, that obviously have a
significant influence in their learning process. Another factor is the environment that can push

children and adults to learn a second language if they are surrounded by it.

For this study 94 students, male and female in a range of 20 years were randomly

selected from the American International University, Bangladesh (AIUB). The respondents were

the native speakers of Bangla and learned English as a foreign language. The instrument for this

study was a questionnaire divided into two major parts to find out the socio-psychological and

socio-linguistics background of the students. The first part was designed to elicit the different

domains of English and students’ exposure. Part 2 was designed to look into the linguistic

attitudes and different types of motivational orientation of students. Since, the students come

from different academic and socio-economic backgrounds, the questionnaire was administered in

the mother tongue along with the English original.

As a result, some of the answers from the students stated that they learned English to

understand English novels and movies, and a higher percentage of students learned English

because it is needed to graduate, for higher studies abroad, traveling and of course to get a good

job. The study shows that females are more integratively motivated than males. Some students

think that they just need to learn English, no other foreign languages are required, however, some

other students suggest learning German, French and Chinese because of the globalization

context. To conclude the study proves that in Bangladesh English is used only for specific

purposes; especially limited and restricted within the academic domain.

Article 2
Title La motivación como factor para el aprendizaje del idioma inglés en el

contexto universitario ecuatoriano: Antecedentes, resultados y

propuestas.

Author (s) Diego ORTEGA, Cynthia HIDALGO, Paul SIGUENZA, Sara

CHERRES.

Key words taken Investigation; motivation; English language; University students.

from the abstract

Source and year of REVISTA PUBLICANDO, volumen 7 (24), abril-junio (2020), pages 9-

publication 20.

Theoretical It is based on Gardner's theory. This theory maintains that motivation

perspective plays an essential role in the acquisition or learning of a second

language since there are both internal and external factors that directly

influence the development of language skills.

 Methodological This article is the continuation of a preliminary quantitative exploratory

perspective study carried out in three public universities in the highland region of

Ecuador, through which the factors that influence the motivation to learn

English during third level studies were determined. The information was

obtained through a survey applied to 422 undergraduate students. The

questions focused on determining the level of consensus they had with

statements related to integrative and instrumental motivation. In

addition, an open question was included for the participants to indicate

why they study English,

Main findings It was found that it is important to implement meaningful and

motivating lessons that help students achieve their stated objectives.

The scientific article entitled "La motivación como factor para el aprendizaje del idioma

inglés en el contexto universitario ecuatoriano: Antecedentes, resultados y propuestas", carried

out in 2020, aims to determine and analyze what factors motivate Ecuadorian university students

to learn English.

Theories about motivation in learning are addressed in this scientific article. Gardner's

contributions on motivation and learning are widely used, and how attitudes towards learning

contribute to the general motivation to learn a second language. In addition, as a motivated

person, he makes efforts to learn and also wants to learn the language. Lastly, as a motivated

individual you will enjoy learning the target language.

 First, the carried out preliminary exploratory study aimed to determine and analyze what

motivates Ecuadorian university students to learn English. The data gathered was used to design

a project (in progress), which was proposed in the UNAE 2018-2019 Call for Research Projects;

therefore, some important aspects are included, such as the mixed-method design to be

employed. In the preliminary study, the information was obtained from a survey applied to 422

undergraduate students. The questions focused on determining the level of agreement they had

with statements about integrative and instrumental motivation. Additionally, there was an open

question where the surveyed students specified why they study English. The results showed that

most participants do it to achieve short‐term and long-term objectives; for example, get a better

job, earn undergraduate and graduate degrees, and travel. It was also revealed that teachers and

their methodology are considered important components of the English learning that are related

to motivation.

Among the main findings obtained in the investigation of this scientific article are: more

than 50% of the students perceived that their teachers are the main motivators for their learning

to occur; learning a new language is not only a cognitive process, but also a set of different types

of motivation, emotions, and beliefs about foreign language learning; it is important to encourage

the motivation of English students by learning about the factors or aspects that lead to successful

and effective learning of the language; language students should be properly motivated as a high

level of motivation makes them learn a foreign language for different purposes in a more

effective way.

Article 3
Title
Motivation for the learning of the English Language and the relationship

with the the academic perf performance of students of the secondary level of the Ugel San

Roman 2021

Author (s)
1. Jose Domingo Choquehuanca-Calcin

Andean University Néstor Cáceres Velásquez - Perú

2. Beto Reynaldy Vilca-Pilco

Andean University Néstor Cáceres Velásquez - Perú

3. Thania Guisela Mamani-Castro

Andean University Néstor Cáceres Velásquez - Perú

Keywords taken Learning; English language; motivation; academic performance

from the abstract

Source and year of Motivation for learning the English language and its relationship with

publication the academic performance of middle-level students at Ugel San Román

2021. 593 Digital Publisher ( 2022)

Theoretical Self-Determination Theory (SDT). SDT proposes that individuals have

perspective innate psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness

and that these needs drive human behavior and motivation

 Methodological
The study corresponds to the quantitative approach, hypothetical-
perspective
deductive method and the applied technique is the survey and the

questionnaire instrument. They worked with a sample stratified by the

professional school of 511 students. The variables to be analyzed are the

presence of Burnout syndrome as an independent variable and its

factors. The measurement of the factors was carried out by means of a

questionnaire elaborated for the

investigation, and for the measurement of the Burnout Syndrome, the

Maslach Burnout Inventory test was used.

Main findings Intrinsic and extrinsic rewards.

The lack of motivation in learning the English language can harm the academic

performance of students. If students are not motivated to learn the language, they may not put

enough time and effort into learning, which can affect their performance on tests and their ability

to communicate in English. Furthermore, a lack of motivation can lead to a negative attitude

toward learning the English language, which can further hinder the learning process and decrease

students’ interest in the language. Teaching should be creative and innovative, with positive

feedback and recognition of student achievement, and identification of student interests and

needs to increase student motivation.

Statement of the research problem

How does motivation impact the learning of the English language for the ninth-grade students of

the school "El Espíritu Santo”, Municipality of San José Villanueva, La Libertad, in the period

from April to June 2023?

Objectives

General objective:

To investigate how motivation impacts in the learning process of the English language of the

ninth-grade students of the School Center "El Espíritu Santo”, Municipality of San José

Villanueva, La Libertad, in the period from April to June 2023.

Specific objectives:

1. To determine how motivation impacts the level of listening comprehension of the ninth-

grade students of the School Center "El Espíritu Santo”, Municipality of San José

Villanueva, La Libertad, in the period from April to June 2023.

2. To identify how motivation impacts the level of oral expression of the ninth-grade

students of the School Center "El Espíritu Santo”, Municipality of San José Villanueva,

La Libertad, in the period from April to June 2023.

Problem statement General Specific Objectives Hypothesis

Objective

How does To investigate how To determine how Motivation affects

motivation impacts motivation impacts motivation impacts the the level of listening

the learning of the in the learning level of listening comprehension of

English language for process of the comprehension of the the ninth-grade

 the ninth-grade English language ninth-grade students of students of the

students of the of the ninth-grade the School Center "El School Center "El

school "El Espíritu students of the Espíritu Santo, Espíritu Santo,

Santo, Municipality School Center "El Municipality of San Municipality of San

of San José Espíritu Santo, José Villanueva, La José Villanueva, La

Villanueva, La Municipality of Libertad, in the period Libertad, in the

Libertad, in the San José from April to June period from April to

period from April to Villanueva, La 2023. June 2023.

June 2023? Libertad, in the

To identify how Motivation affects
period from April
motivation impacts the the level of oral
to June 2023.
level of oral expression of the

expression of the ninth-grade students

ninth-grade students of of the School Center

the School Center "El "El Espíritu Santo,

Espíritu Santo, Municipality of San

Municipality of San José Villanueva, La

José Villanueva, La Libertad, in the

Libertad, in the period period from April to

from April to June June 2023.

2023.

Justification
El Salvador is a country where the official language is Spanish, but English is an important

language for global communication and economic development. The United States Agency for

International Development (2020) states that, despite the relevance of English, the competency

levels in the language in El Salvador are not satisfactory.

Motivation is one of the key factors in learning a foreign language, and it can be divided into two

types: intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation refers to the motivation

that comes from the student themselves, whether it be from interest or curiosity in the language.

Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, refers to the motivation that comes from external factors,

such as social pressure or the desire to obtain a better-paying job.

Therefore, it is important to understand the role that these types of motivation play in

determining the level of English language proficiency in Salvadoran students and how they

affect the level of listening comprehension and oral expression of the students.

With the completion of this research, it is intended to provide a contribution to public and private

institutions so that they can firsthand understand the importance of motivation in students in

learning the English language, specifically in the areas of listening comprehension and oral

expression.

2. Scope of the study

The scope of the research on "The incidence of motivation in the English language learning

process for ninth-grade students of the 'El Espíritu Santo' School Center, Municipality of San

José Villanueva, La Libertad, in the period from April to June 2023" would include the

following:
• To examine the current state of motivation for learning the English language in the

ninth-grade students of the "El Espíritu Santo" School in terms of their attitudes,

interests, and goals.

• Identify the factors that influence the motivation for learning the English language of

the ninth-grade students of the "El Espíritu Santo" School, including individual, social,

and cultural factors.

• To analyze the relationship between motivation for learning the English language and

student academic performance, evaluating the effectiveness of current English language

learning materials, curriculum, and teaching methodologies in improving student learning

motivation.

• To compare the level of motivation for learning the English language and academic

performance of the ninth-grade students of the "El Espíritu Santo" School Center with

those of other schools in the region and provide recommendations to enhance the

motivation for learning the English language of students, such as modifying teaching

methodologies, providing additional learning resources, or developing new teaching

materials.

• The research would use a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and

quantitative data collection methods, such as surveys, focus groups, observations, and

standardized tests. Data would be collected from the ninth-grade students of the "El

Espíritu Santo" School Center during the period from April to June 2023.

• The purpose of this research is to provide an idea of the factors that affect the motivation

for learning the student English language and allow the development of strategies to
 improve the motivation and academic performance of students. This research would be

done with a population of 45 students.

• To improve the motivational aspect of students, that is, to propose a planning in which

extrinsic and intrinsic motivation is the purpose to improve learning.

• Strengthen the confidence of students by overcoming those obstacles that do not allow

them to have a natural perception and production of language.

3. Delimitation of the study

Geographic: This research will be carried out at the school Center "El Espíritu Santo",

Municipality of San José Villanueva, La Libertad.

Temporary: In a period from April to June 2023.

Social: The people studied in the research will be ninth-grade students.

4. Limitations of the study

One of the first problems that usually occur when learning English is the lack of time, or

rather the ability to self-manage and dedicate enough time to learning the language. Not knowing

how to organize learning is one of the typical mistakes that many solve by going to an English

academy.

The slow progress in the public teaching of English is mainly because institutions have

not been able to adequately integrate the language into their academic plans and even when

learning spaces are allocated to this second language, they are frequently not of quality due to

study materials insufficient.

 However, the external factors that seem to contribute the most are related, on the one

hand, to:

1) The learning environment in the classroom.

2) The institutional curriculum.

3) The professional preparation of teachers.

4) The role of the community local.

5) The role of national policies.

REFERENCES:

• Choquehuanca-Calcina, J., Vilca-Pilco, B., & Mamani-Castro, T., (2022). Motivation for

learning the English language and its relationship with the academic performance of

middle-level students at Ugel San Román 2021. 593 Digital Publisher CEIT, 7(4-2), 303-

311 https://doi.org/ 10.33386 /593dp. 2022.4-2.1338

• EFL Journal (2005). Orientations and Motivation in English Language Learning:

A Study of Bangladeshi Students at Undergraduate Level. https://asian-efl-

journal.com/March_2005_EBook_editions.pdf#page=29

• Revista Publicando (2020). La motivación como factor para el aprendizaje del idioma

inglés en el contexto universitario ecuatoriano: Antecedentes, resultados y propuestas.

Dialnet-LaMotivacionComoFactorParaElAprendizajeDelIdiomaIn-7510869.pdf - Google

Drive
• United States Agency for International Development. (2020). Strategies for Economic

Development in the Americas. 3(2), 73-77.