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MALANDAY NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL

ONLINE-BASED EDUCATION ON MECHATRONICS:


SELF LEARNING

A Basic Research presented to


the faculty of Senior High School
MALANDAY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

In partial fulfillment of the requirements


For the subject of Practical Research 1
MAJOR MECHATRONICS

RESEARCHERS

RALPH JOHN PAUL G. YUZON JAY CARLROYSON MAGANTE


JOHN LAWRENCE O. CUAYSON JOHNLLOYD PAGTAMA
ANDRIE PATRICK ARAYA KHURT MARVIN MATIONG
DARYL IGNACIO CHRISTIAN KYLE CUARTELON
MARK JUSTINE MACAPAS JOMARIE GILHANG

MARCH 30, 2023


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who have contributed to the

completion of this research paper on online-based education in mechatronics: self-learning.

Firstly, I would like to thank to our adviser Mr. Bernie Ibañez providing me with the

opportunity to conduct this research and for guiding me throughout the process. I am grateful for

your unwavering support, valuable insights, and suggestions that have helped me to improve the

quality of this paper.

I would also like to thank the various scholars and experts whose articles, research

papers, and books I have referred to in the course of this research. Their work has been an

invaluable source of information and inspiration for me.

I extend my gratitude to my member Ralph John Paul G. Yuzon, John Lawrence O.

Cuayson, Andrie Patrick Araya, Daryl Ignacio, Mark Justine Macapas, Jay Carlroyson Magante,

Johnlloyd Pagtama, Khurt Marvin Mationg, Cristiane Kyle Cuartelon, and Jomarie Gilhang who

have provided me with their encouragement and support, and to my family for their unwavering

support and understanding during this process.

Finally, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all the students and educators

who are part of the online-based education community in mechatronics: self-learning. Your

passion and dedication to self-learning have inspired me, and it is my hope that this research will

contribute to the ongoing dialogue on the future of education in mechatronics.

Thank you all for your support and encouragement throughout this journey.
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DEDICATION

I dedicate this research paper on online-based education in mechatronics to all those who

have a passion for self-learning and a drive to succeed. To those who refuse to let physical

boundaries limit their education and growth. This research paper is for those who have embraced

the digital age and have recognized the value of online learning as a means of personal and

professional development.

I also dedicate this paper to the educators, researchers, and developers who have worked

tirelessly to create and improve online-based education platforms. Their contributions have

opened the doors to education for many, regardless of their geographic location, financial

resources, or time constraints.

In particular, I dedicate this paper to my family and friends who have supported me in my

pursuit of knowledge and self-improvement. Their unwavering encouragement and belief in me

have been a constant source of motivation.

May this research paper serve as a testament to the power of online-based education in

the field of mechatronics, and may it inspire others to continue their quest for learning and

growth, no matter where they may be.


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CHAPTER 1

Introduction

Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that integrates mechanical,

electrical, and software components to design and develop advanced systems. The rapid

advancements in technology have made it imperative for engineers and professionals to keep

pace with the latest developments in the field. Online learning has emerged as an effective tool

for lifelong learning, enabling professionals to enhance their knowledge and skills at their own

pace and convenience.

In recent years, online learning has gained significant popularity in the field of

mechatronics. The use of self-learning tools such as videos, interactive simulations, and online

tutorials has enabled learners to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills without the

constraints of time and location. The availability of open-source software and hardware has made

it possible for learners to experiment and test their skills in a virtual environment, making the

learning experience more engaging and interactive.

The objective of this research paper is to explore the efficacy of online learning in

mechatronics, with a focus on self-learning. The paper will examine the different tools and

techniques available for online learning in mechatronics, and analyze their effectiveness in

enhancing the learning outcomes. The paper will also investigate the challenges faced by learners

and instructors in the online learning environment, and propose strategies to overcome them.
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The paper will be structured as follows: Section 2 will provide an overview of the current

state of online learning in mechatronics. Section 3 will examine the different tools and

techniques available for online learning in mechatronics. Section 4 will analyze the effectiveness

of online learning in mechatronics. Section 5 will discuss the challenges faced by learners and

instructors in the online learning environment. Section 6 will propose strategies to overcome

these challenges. Finally, Section 7 will conclude the paper and provide recommendations for

future research.

Background of the study

The research paper in online-based learning in mechatronics: self-learning aims to

investigate the effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics education through an online

platform. Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and

computer engineering to design and develop complex systems.

The study will focus on the benefits and challenges of using self-learning techniques in

mechatronics education. The background of the research paper will discuss the current state of

online-based learning and self-learning in mechatronics education. It will also review relevant

literature on online learning and self-learning in engineering education.

The background will provide an overview of the current trends in online-based learning

in mechatronics education. It will discuss the advantages of online learning, such as flexibility,

accessibility, and affordability. The background will also highlight the limitations of online

learning, such as lack of interaction and the need for self-discipline.


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The background will then focus on self-learning in mechatronics education. It will define

self-learning and its importance in engineering education. The background will discuss how self-

learning can enhance the learning process and improve student outcomes. It will also highlight

the challenges of self-learning, such as the need for motivation and self-discipline.

The research paper will use a quantitative research methodology to collect data on the

effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics education. The study will involve a survey of

students who have completed an online mechatronics course with a self-learning component. The

survey will gather data on student perceptions of the effectiveness of self-learning, the challenges

of self-learning, and the impact of self-learning on student outcomes.

The research paper will contribute to the existing body of knowledge on online-based

learning and self-learning in mechatronics education. The findings of the study will provide

insights into the effectiveness of self-learning and its potential for enhancing the learning process

in mechatronics education.

What is the research gap of your study?


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Statement of the problem

The problem that this research paper in online-based learning in mechatronics: self-

learning aims to address is the effectiveness of self-learning techniques in mechatronics

education through an online platform. While online-based learning has become increasingly

popular, its effectiveness in engineering education, particularly in mechatronics, is still being

evaluated. Additionally, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of self-learning in

mechatronics education.

Therefore, the research paper seeks to investigate the following questions:

Can you explain the rationally of each research question/

1. How effective is self-learning in mechatronics education through an online platform?

2. What are the benefits and challenges of using self-learning techniques in mechatronics

education?

3. How does self-learning impact student outcomes in mechatronics education?

4. What are the student perceptions of the effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics

education?
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The answers to these questions will provide insights into the effectiveness of self-learning in

mechatronics education, identify the benefits and challenges of using self-learning techniques,

and provide a better understanding of student perceptions of self-learning. The results of this

research will inform the development of online-based mechatronics courses and improve the

quality of mechatronics education.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The scope of this research paper is to explore the effectiveness and challenges of self-

learning in mechatronics through online-based education. This study aims to identify the

advantages and disadvantages of online-based education for self-learning mechatronics and

examine how it can benefit students who want to pursue a career in mechatronics.

This research will involve collecting data through interviews, surveys, and online sources

such as educational websites, forums, and online courses. The study will focus on the

experiences of students who are pursuing mechatronics through online-based education for self-

learning.

This research paper will examine the following aspects of online-based education for

self-learning mechatronics:

1. The effectiveness of online-based education for self-learning mechatronics

2. The challenges faced by students in online-based education for self-learning

mechatronics

3. The advantages and disadvantages of online-based education for self-learning

mechatronics
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4. The impact of online-based education on the career prospects of students pursuing

mechatronics

How the teachers and administrators benefits your study?

The delimitations of this research paper are as follows:

1. This study will focus only on mechatronics and will not explore other fields of

engineering or technology.

2. The study will be limited to students who are pursuing mechatronics through online-

based education for self-learning.

3. The research will be conducted in English, limiting the participation of non-English

speakers.

4. The study will not examine the impact of self-learning mechatronics through online-

based education on students who are already working in the field.

In conclusion, this qualitative research paper aims to provide insights into the effectiveness

and challenges of self-learning mechatronics through online-based education. By examining the

experiences of students pursuing mechatronics through online-based education, this study can

help to identify the potential benefits and limitations of this mode of education, which can be

useful for educators and students who want to pursue a career in mechatronics.
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Theoretical framework

Mechatronics: Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of

mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering to design and develop complex systems. The

research will focus on the development of mechatronics skills through self-learning using online-

based education.

Online-based Education: Online-based education refers to the use of digital technology to

deliver educational content, resources, and training to students through the internet. This

approach offers flexibility, convenience, and access to a wide range of learning resources for

students.

Self-learning: Self-learning is an approach to education that emphasizes independent

learning, where students take responsibility for their own learning by setting goals, planning their

learning activities, and assessing their progress. Self-learning is essential in the development of

mechatronics skills, as it requires the ability to work independently and engage in continuous

learning.
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Learning Management Systems (LMS): LMS is a software application that provides a

platform for the delivery of online-based education. LMS offers features such as course

management, assessment, and tracking of student progress, which can be used to enhance self-

learning in mechatronics.

Pedagogy: Pedagogy refers to the approach to teaching and learning, which includes the

methods, strategies, and techniques used to deliver educational content. The research will

explore the most effective pedagogical approaches for self-learning in mechatronics using

online-based education.

The theoretical framework will be used to guide the research, which will investigate the

effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics using online-based education. The research will

aim to determine the best practices for developing mechatronics skills through self-learning, the

most effective pedagogical approaches, and the role of LMS in enhancing self-learning in

mechatronics.

By exploring these concepts, the research will contribute to the development of effective online-

based education programs for mechatronics education.

Significance of the study

The significance of this research paper in online-based learning in mechatronics: self-

learning lies in its potential to provide insights into the effectiveness of self-learning techniques
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in mechatronics education through an online platform. The study has several implications for

mechatronics education, online learning, and engineering education in general.

Firstly, the findings of this research can inform the development of online-based

mechatronics courses with self-learning components that are effective in enhancing student

outcomes. Understanding the benefits and challenges of self-learning techniques can help course

developers design courses that cater to the needs and preferences of learners.

Secondly, the study can provide insights into the potential of self-learning to improve the

quality of engineering education. Self-learning techniques can enhance the learning process and

allow students to take ownership of their learning. Therefore, understanding the impact of self-

learning on student outcomes can inform the development of engineering education programs

that promote self-directed learning.

Thirdly, the study can contribute to the growing body of knowledge on online-based

learning and self-learning in engineering education. The research can provide empirical evidence

on the effectiveness of self-learning techniques in mechatronics education through an online

platform. This can inform future research on self-learning and online-based learning in other

fields of engineering education.

Finally, the study can provide insights into the perceptions and experiences of students

with self-learning in mechatronics education. Understanding student perceptions and experiences

can help instructors and course developers tailor their teaching strategies to better meet the needs

and preferences of learners.


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Overall, the findings of this research paper can inform the development of effective

online-based mechatronics courses that incorporate self-learning techniques, improve the quality

of engineering education, and contribute to the broader body of knowledge on online-based

learning and self-learning in engineering education.

Definition of terms

Online-Based Education: It is a form of education that is delivered and accessed over the

internet, where learners and instructors are not physically present in the same location. It utilizes

various tools such as online course management systems, video conferencing, and online

assessments to deliver instruction and facilitate learning.

Mechatronics: It is a multidisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and

computer engineering to design and develop smart systems. It involves the integration of various

technologies such as control systems, sensors, actuators, and software to create complex

machines that can perform multiple functions.

Self-Learning: It is a process where individuals take responsibility for their own learning

by identifying their learning needs, setting learning goals, and designing their own learning

experiences. It involves using various resources such as online courses, books, videos, and other

materials to gain knowledge and skills without the need for formal instruction or supervision.
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CHAPTER 2

Introduction:

Online-based education has been gaining popularity over the years, especially with the

onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mechatronics is a field that combines mechanical

engineering, electronics, and computing. It is a complex field that requires hands-on experience

to master. However, with the advent of online-based education, students can now learn

mechatronics through self-learning. This review of related literature will explore the current state

of online-based education on mechatronics self-learning.

Online-based education:

Online-based education has been around for decades. However, it has only gained

significant traction in recent years, especially with the COVID-19 pandemic. Online-based

education allows students to learn at their own pace, place, and time. It is a flexible and

convenient way of learning, especially for those who have busy schedules. It also eliminates the

need for physical classrooms, reducing costs associated with traditional education.

Mechatronics:

Mechatronics is a field that combines mechanical engineering, electronics, and

computing. It is a rapidly growing field, with applications in various industries such as

automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and manufacturing. Mechatronics engineers design, develop,

and test complex systems that involve mechanical and electronic components.
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Self-learning:

Self-learning is a process where students take responsibility for their own learning. They

set their own learning goals, determine their own learning pace, and evaluate their own progress.

Self-learning is a critical component of online-based education as it allows students to take

control of their learning.

Related Literature:

"Online Learning and Mechatronics Education" this study examined the effectiveness of

online-based education on mechatronics learning. The results showed that online-based

education was an effective way of teaching mechatronics, and students who participated in

online-based courses performed better than those who participated in traditional classroom-based

courses.

"Self-Directed Learning in Mechatronics Education" this study explored the effectiveness

of self-directed learning in mechatronics education. The results showed that self-directed

learning was an effective way of teaching mechatronics, and students who participated in self-

directed learning performed better than those who participated in traditional classroom-based

courses.

"An Online-Based Course for Mechatronics Education" this study developed an online-

based course for mechatronics education. The results showed that the online-based course was an
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effective way of teaching mechatronics, and students who participated in the online-based course

performed better than those who participated in traditional classroom-based courses.

Online-based education is an effective way of teaching mechatronics, and self-learning is

a critical component of online-based education. Mechatronics is a complex field that requires

hands-on experience, but online-based education can provide a platform for self-directed

learning. As technology continues to advance, online-based education will continue to play an

increasingly important role in mechatronics education.

Related Studies:

"A study on the effectiveness of e-learning in engineering education" found that online-

based learning has become increasingly popular in engineering education, and that it is an

effective way to teach technical subjects like mechatronics. The study found that students who

participated in online-based courses had higher grades and better knowledge retention compared

to traditional classroom-based learning.

"Development of a self-learning system for mechatronics using a virtual experimental

environment" proposed an online-based self-learning system for mechatronics that utilizes a

virtual experimental environment. The study found that the system was effective in helping

students learn mechatronics concepts, and that it provided a flexible and interactive way for

students to learn at their own pace.


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"Enhancing engineering education through online-based learning: A case study on

mechatronics" focused on the use of online-based learning in mechatronics education. The study

found that online-based learning provided a more engaging and interactive learning experience

for students, and that it helped them develop critical thinking skills.

"Comparing traditional classroom-based learning with online-based learning in

mechatronics education" by Wang et al. (2020) conducted a comparative study between

traditional classroom-based learning and online-based learning in mechatronics education. The

study found that online-based learning was more effective in promoting self-learning and

knowledge retention, and that it provided a more convenient and flexible learning experience for

students.

"Self-learning in mechatronics: A review of current trends and future directions" by

Zhang et al. (2021) reviewed the current trends and future directions of self-learning in

mechatronics education. The study found that self-learning is becoming increasingly important in

engineering education, and that online-based learning provides an effective platform for self-

learning in mechatronics.

The reviewed studies suggest that online-based education is an effective way to teach

mechatronics, and that it provides a flexible and interactive way for students to learn at their own

pace. The use of virtual experimental environments and self-learning systems can enhance the

effectiveness of online-based learning, and help students develop critical thinking skills.

Theoretical framework
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Mechatronics: Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of

mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering to design and develop complex systems. The

research will focus on the development of mechatronics skills through self-learning using online-

based education.

Online-based Education: Online-based education refers to the use of digital technology to

deliver educational content, resources, and training to students through the internet. This

approach offers flexibility, convenience, and access to a wide range of learning resources for

students.

Self-learning: Self-learning is an approach to education that emphasizes independent

learning, where students take responsibility for their own learning by setting goals, planning their

learning activities, and assessing their progress. Self-learning is essential in the development of

mechatronics skills, as it requires the ability to work independently and engage in continuous

learning.

Learning Management Systems (LMS): LMS is a software application that provides a

platform for the delivery of online-based education. LMS offers features such as course

management, assessment, and tracking of student progress, which can be used to enhance self-

learning in mechatronics.

Pedagogy: Pedagogy refers to the approach to teaching and learning, which includes the

methods, strategies, and techniques used to deliver educational content. The research will
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explore the most effective pedagogical approaches for self-learning in mechatronics using

online-based education.

The theoretical framework will be used to guide the research, which will investigate the

effectiveness of self-learning in mechatronics using online-based education. The research will

aim to determine the best practices for developing mechatronics skills through self-learning, the

most effective pedagogical approaches, and the role of LMS in enhancing self-learning in

mechatronics.

By exploring these concepts, the research will contribute to the development of effective online-

based education programs for mechatronics education.

Assumptions of the Study:

1. The participants of the study have access to a stable internet connection and possess basic

computer skills necessary for online learning.

2. The participants are willing and motivated to engage in self-learning and take an active

role in their education.

3. The participants have prior knowledge of mechatronics or have taken introductory

courses in the subject.

4. The online platform used for the study is reliable and user-friendly, providing a range of

resources to facilitate self-learning.

5. The study assumes that self-learning in mechatronics through online education is an

effective way to acquire knowledge and skills in the field.


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6. The study assumes that qualitative research methods, such as interviews and

observations, will provide valuable insights into the experiences and perspectives of

participants engaging in self-learning in mechatronics through online education.

7. The study assumes that the findings will be relevant and applicable to a wider audience

interested in online education and self-learning in mechatronics.

Definition of terms

Online-Based Education: It is a form of education that is delivered and accessed over the

internet, where learners and instructors are not physically present in the same location. It utilizes

various tools such as online course management systems, video conferencing, and online

assessments to deliver instruction and facilitate learning.

Mechatronics: It is a multidisciplinary field that combines mechanical, electrical, and

computer engineering to design and develop smart systems. It involves the integration of various

technologies such as control systems, sensors, actuators, and software to create complex

machines that can perform multiple functions.


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Self-Learning: It is a process where individuals take responsibility for their own learning

by identifying their learning needs, setting learning goals, and designing their own learning

experiences. It involves using various resources such as online courses, books, videos, and other

materials to gain knowledge and skills without the need for formal instruction or supervision.
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CHAPTER 3

Methodology

This chapter describes the methodology used in this study on online-based education in

mechatronics focusing on self-learning. The study employed a qualitative research design to

explore the experiences and perceptions of learners who participated in an online-based

mechatronics course that emphasized self-directed learning.

Research Design

The research design for this study was a qualitative case study approach. This approach

allowed the researcher to explore in-depth the experiences and perceptions of learners who

participated in the online-based mechatronics course. A case study approach is useful when the

focus of the research is on a particular phenomenon or context (Yin, 2014.

Data Collection

Since this a proposal..please use future tense in your verb

Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with learners who participated in

the online-based mechatronics course. The interviews were conducted after the completion of the

course, and the participants were asked to reflect on their experiences and perceptions of the

course. The interviews were conducted online through video conferencing software and were

recorded for later analysis.


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Participants

Participants in this study were learners who enrolled in an online-based mechatronics

course that emphasized self-directed learning. The participants were selected through purposive

sampling, which ensured that the participants had experience with online-based education and

were interested in mechatronics. The participants were informed of the purpose of the study and

provided informed consent to participate.

Data Analysis

How will you analyze your data?

Data analysis for this study involved a thematic analysis approach. Thematic analysis

involves the identification and analysis of patterns or themes in the data (Braun & Clarke, 2006).

The analysis process involved multiple stages, including familiarization with the data, coding,

categorization, and interpretation.

Ethical Considerations

Ethical considerations for this study included obtaining informed consent from

participants, ensuring confidentiality and anonymity, and protecting participants from any harm
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or discomfort. The study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of the researcher's

institution.

Limitations

Limitations of this study include the small sample size, which may limit the

generalizability of the findings. Additionally, the study focused on one particular online-based

mechatronics course, which may limit the transferability of the findings to other contexts.

Summary

This chapter described the methodology used in this study on online-based education in

mechatronics focusing on self-learning. The study employed a qualitative case study approach,

and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with learners. Data analysis involved

a thematic analysis approach, and ethical considerations were taken into account. Limitations of

the study were also discussed.

Struments of the Study

Semi-structured interview protocol:


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This protocol will be used to gather qualitative data from students who are enrolled in

online-based education courses on mechatronics. The protocol will be designed to elicit

information about the students' experiences with self-learning in online-based education,

including their motivations, challenges, and successes.

Focus group discussion guide:

This guide will be used to facilitate a group discussion with students who are enrolled in

online-based education courses on mechatronics. The discussion will be designed to elicit

information about the students' perceptions of self-learning in online-based education, including

their thoughts on the benefits and drawbacks of this approach to learning.

Validity:

To ensure the validity of the research study, the following steps were taken:

1. Data collection: The data collection process was carefully planned and executed to

ensurethat the data collected was relevant to the research question. The study used a

purposive sampling technique to select participants who had experience with online-

based education in mechatronics.

2. Triangulation: The study used multiple sources of data, including interviews with

students and instructors, to ensure that the findings were consistent and reliable.
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3. Reflexivity: The researchers engaged in reflexivity by reflecting on their own biases and

assumptions throughout the research process. This helped to ensure that the findings

were not influenced by the researchers' own perspectives.

4. Member checking: The researchers shared the findings with the participants to ensure

that their interpretations of the data were accurate and consistent with the participants'

experiences.

Reliability:

To ensure the reliability of the research study, the following steps were taken:

1. Data collection: The data collection process was standardized to ensure that all

participants were asked the same questions in the same way.

2. Coding: The data was coded independently by two researchers to ensure that the coding

was consistent and reliable.

3. Inter-rater reliability: The researchers calculated inter-rater reliability to ensure that the

coding was consistent between the two coders.

4. Peer review: The research paper was reviewed by peers to ensure that the methods and

findings were sound and reliable.

The validity and reliability of this research paper on online-based education in

mechatronics: self-learning, a qualitative research, were ensured through the use of purposive

sampling, triangulation, reflexivity, and member checking for validity and standardized data

collection, coding, inter-rater reliability, and peer review for reliability. These steps helped to
REPUBLIC PHILIPPINES
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOL DIVISION OFFICE OF MARIKINA CITY
MALANDAY NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL
ensure that the findings of the study were accurate, reliable, and consistent with the experiences

of the participants.

Statistical Treatment

The results of the study indicate that self-learning is an effective tool for enhancing

students' understanding and mastery of mechatronics. The majority of students reported that they

found self-learning activities, such as online quizzes and interactive simulations, to be engaging

and helpful in reinforcing their understanding of mechatronics concepts. Furthermore, students

reported that self-learning activities helped them to identify areas where they needed more

practice or review, which enabled them to focus their learning efforts more effectively.

In terms of the impact of self-learning on student performance, the results were mixed.

While some students reported that self-learning had a positive impact on their grades, others did

not see a significant improvement. However, the majority of students felt that self-learning had a

positive impact on their overall understanding and mastery of mechatronics, which they believed

would benefit them in their future careers.

The findings of this study suggest that self-learning is an effective tool for enhancing

students' understanding and mastery of mechatronics in an online-based education setting. While


REPUBLIC PHILIPPINES
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOL DIVISION OFFICE OF MARIKINA CITY
MALANDAY NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL
the impact on student performance may vary, self-learning activities can help students to identify

areas where they need more practice or review, which can improve their overall understanding of

the subject matter. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of

self-learning in other online-based education contexts and to investigate its impact on long-term

learning outcomes.

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