NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

Basic Education Department

Module
in
Technology and
Livelihood Education 7
(CARPENTRY)

1|P age
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
MODULE II
 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Basic Education Department

CONTENT STANDARDS:
The learner demonstrates an understanding of the concepts and underlying
principles in performing measurements and calculations.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS:
The learner independently performs accurate measurements and calculation
based on a given task.

LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
 Select measuring instruments:
a. Identify linear measuring instruments appropriate for a given task.
 Carry out measurements and calculations:
a. Measure given materials.
b. Calculate amount of materials for a specific task.

3.1 SELECT MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

a. Enumerate and identify the measuring instruments;
b. Define and differentiate the measuring instruments;
c. Compare and contrast the measuring instruments;
d. Practice measuring the specific material; and
e. Calculate the amount of materials needed for a specific task.

INTRODUCTION

We tent to take for granted the different types of measuring tools

for woodworking or carpentry. As a carpenter, you may automatically reach for
a tape measure of caliper and start measuring. But, have you ever stopped to
think of the countless measuring tools use while working?

For the newbie, all of these tools must seem overwhelming. In this
learning module, we take a closer look at the various measuring tools that we
can get for working.

Let’s get started!

2|P age
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
MODULE II
 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Basic Education Department

CHECKPOINT: Identify the following figures presented below.

Write your answers on the space provided.

1. ________________________ 2. __________________________

3. _________________________ 4. _________________________

5. ________________________

3|P age
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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TYPES OF MEASURING TOOLS

Name and Description Figure

1. Pull-push rule

A measuring tape that coils into a

compact case. It is used for measuring
long pieces of stock.

2. Zigzag rule

A folded measuring tool. If you need

to measure longer dimensions, you can
use this.

3. Ruler

A short rule typically six inches long. It

is used for measuring short pieces of
stock.

4. Caliper

It has a couple of jaws that come

together over a diameter of an object that
is being measured. It is used for
measuring diameter.

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5. Try square

Constructed like a framing square

but smaller in size. It is a metal blade or
either the handle is made of wood. It is
used for checking the squareness and
flatness of an object measured.

6. Meter Stick

A one-meter-long stick that is

marked off in centimeters and usually
millimeters.

7. Divider

It is a tool used for dividing distances.

8. Compass

It is used for scribing arcs and

circles.

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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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9. Protractor

This tool is used for laying out

angles.

10. Spirit Level

A device that helps you to know how

to level a surface. It is particularly useful
while installing cabinets, counters and
tables. The bubble in the tube of liquid
needs to be in the center to indicate a
level surface.

HANDLING OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS/TOOLS

A. DO’s
1. Wipe measuring tools/instruments before returning them to storage room.

2. Oil the movable parts of the measuring tools such as zigzag rules, calipers,
dividers and compasses to avoid stock-up.

3. Make sure that grits like sand do not get inside the housing or case of a pull-
push rule to avoid wearing off the graduations.

4. Check the lock of a pull-push rule if it is working.

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B. DON’T’s
1. Do not wipe off edges of the steel tape of pull-push rule with bare hands to
avoid injury.

2. Do not pull the steel tape of pull-push rule too much to avoid the coil spring
from damage.

3. Do not use the caliper as tongs.

LINEAR MEASUREMENTS FOR THE 6 FACES OF LUMBER

A lumber has 6 faces: 2 ends, 2 edges and 2 surfaces. Hence: the linear
measurements obtained are:

1. End 1 to End 2 or A B = Length (L)

2. Edge 1 to Edge 2 or C D= Width (W)

3. Surface 1 to Surface 2 or E F = Thickness/Height (T /H)

7|P age
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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ACTIVITY: Take the challenge below to test what you learned from the
given concepts about measuring instruments/tools.

A. IDENTIFICATION: Read each item carefully. Identify the following statement or

described. Write your answer before the number.

____________________1. A device used for laying out angles.

____________________2. It is a tool used to measure the level of surfaces which the

bubbles from the small tube must be at its center point.

____________________3. A folded measuring tool used for measuring dimensions.

____________________4. This tool has a couple of jaws together when measuring

objects particularly the diameter of an object.

____________________5. A tool used for dividing distances of an object measured.

B. ESSAY: On your own point of view, “what are the similarities or differences of
the measuring tools mentioned on the concept given about the types of
measuring tools used for carpentry task?” Discuss it in an essay form.

________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________.

_________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________.

_________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________.

8|P age
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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3.2 CARRY OUT MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS

The two systems of measurements are the English and the Metric System.
The English system originated in England also known as the U.S customary system of
measurements while the Metric system was developed in France and also known as the
S.I (International Standard).

I. (Unit of Measures)- LINEAR MEASUREMENT

ENGLISH METRIC
Yard (yd) Meter (m)
Foot (ft) (,,) Decimeter (dm)1/10 meter
Inch (in.) (“) Centimeter (cm) 1/100 meter
Millimeter (ml) 1/1000 meter

II. READING OF MEASUREMENTS

A. Reading the Inch

The inch is divided into segments called graduations. Each graduation represents
a measurement in a form of a proper fraction. The inch can be divided into 16, 8 4 and
2 equal parts.

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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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B. Reading the centimeter and millimeter

CONVERTING FRACTION TO DECIMAL

In converting fractions to decimals, divide the numerator by its
denominator whether it is proper, improper or mixed fraction.

Sample Solutions:
A. Proper fraction B. Improper fraction C. Mixed fraction
Given: 2/5 = 0.4 Given:11/3= 3.66 Given: 2 ½= 2.5

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CONVERTING UNITS OF MEASURE

Guide table in Unit Conversion

English to English 1 foot = 12 inches
Metric to Metric 1 meter = 10 decimeter
1 decimeter = 10 centimeter
English to English 1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 inch = 25.4 mm
1 foot = 30.48 cm
Metric to English 1 meter = 3.26 feet
1 meter = 39.37 inches

Sample Solutions in Conversion

A. Foot to Inches
Given: 3 ft= ___________ inches
Solution: Multiply 3 ft by 12 inches /ft= 36 inches

B. Inch to Feet
Given: 48 inches= __________ feet
Solution: Divide 48 inches by 12 inches/ feet= 4 feet

C. Centimeter to Millimeter
Given: 22cm= _________ millimeters
solution Multiply 22 cm by 10mm/cm = 220mm

D. Inch to Centimeter
Given: 6 inches = _________ centimeters
Solution: Multiply 6 inches by 2.54 cm/inch- 15.24 cm

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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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ACTIVITY: Label the correct measurements indicated in the given figure

below.

A. INCH 5.
1. 3.

4.
2.

B. Millimeter and Centimeter

1. 2.

3. 4.
5.

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WAYS OF TAKING DIMENSION

1. Measure end to end of stock with a tool. 2. Measure edge to edge with a tool.

3. Measure outside and inside diameter of a cylindrical object using a caliper.

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5. Lay-out width

CALCULATING BOARDFOOT OF LUMBER

Although the International System (SI) or Metric System had already superseded
the English System of measure, the board foot as a unit of measure for determining the
volume of lumber is still being used by the furniture & cabinet maker and construction
industry. This is because lumbers are sold in terms of board foot.

A board foot is actually one square foot of lumber of one inch thick.

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The formula used in computing board foot is:

Board foot (Bd.Ft)= T x W x L

12

Where:
T= thickness in inches
W= Width in inches
L= Length in feet
Note: This formula is being used for sawed wood of commercial dimension.

Example: Compute the board foot of lumber whose dimension is 2” x 4” x 12”.

Step 1: Identify the given date.

Given: T= 2 “
W= 4”
L= 12”

Step 2: Determine what is being asked.

Find the Bd.Ft.=?

Step 3: State the formula.

Formula: Bd.Ft= T x W x L
12

Step 4: Substitute the given data in the formula, then solve.

Solution:
Bd.Ft= T x W x L
12

= 2” x 4” x 12”
12

= 96/12
= 8 Bd.ft.
15 | P a g e
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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SELF ASSESSMENT CHECK: Answer the following:

A. Convert the following units of measurements given:

1. 10 ft.= _____________ inches

2. 40 cm = _________ millimeters

3. 30 inches= __________ centimeters

4. 65 inches= _________feet

5. 72 meters = _________decimeters

B. Compute the number of board feet of lumber with the following dimensions. Show
your solutions.

1. 2” x 6” x 12‟

2. 3” x 4” x 10‟

3. 2” x 2” x 16‟

4. 2” x 12” x 8”

5. 4” x 4” x 18”

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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10 (CARPENTRY)
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Assignment: Among the mentioned ways of taking dimensions, choose

one and practice measuring an object. Select the measuring tool you will
use in measuring it.
(Take a photo as a proof in performing the activity and paste it in
the space provided.)

REFERENCES:

https://www.woodworkingtrade.com/types-of-measuring-tools/

K-12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module
Carpentry (Exploratory Course Grades 7 and Grades 8)

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